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A elite salarial do funcionalismo público federal: Sugestões para uma reforma administrativa mais eficiente

Authors: Nunes, Wellington; Teles Mendes, José;

A elite salarial do funcionalismo público federal: Sugestões para uma reforma administrativa mais eficiente

Abstract

Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar y analizar la élite salarial de la función pública federal brasileña. Por élite salarial, el trabajo comprende las categorías con los salarios más altos en el Estado. En primer lugar, a partir de los datos de la Lista Anual de Información Social (Rais), identificamos las ocupaciones mejor pagadas en el conjunto del servicio público en 2018, analizando sus principales características y en qué competencias y ámbitos se concentraban. Luego, utilizando dos criterios de corte distintos, el salario medio del Poder Judicial y el salario del Ministro del Tribunal Supremo Federal (STF) en 2018, también verificamos la evolución salarial de la porción con mayores remuneraciones del servicio público federal en los últimos 20 años. En particular, nos centramos en el estudio de los denominados super salarios, es decir, aquellos que superan la retribución del juez del STF. Demostramos que, si bien el poder más numeroso en materia de vínculos laborales es el Ejecutivo, es el Poder Judicial el que concentra la mayoría de las ocupaciones de la llamada élite salarial. Además, llegamos a la conclusión de que, aunque variable a lo largo de los años, el número de los llamados supersalarios es menor de lo esperado a nivel federal. Aun así, tiene un impacto fiscal relevante. Finalmente, comparamos los hallazgos con la Propuesta de Enmienda Constitucional (PEC) 32/2020, haciendo sugerencias para construir un proyecto de reforma administrativa más eficiente para combatir los privilegios.

Este artigo tem como objetivo a identificação e análise da elite salarial do funcionalismo público federal brasileiro. Por elite salarial, o trabalho compreende as categorias com maiores salários do Estado. Primeiro, a partir de dados da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais (Rais), identificamos as ocupações mais bem remuneradas do conjunto do serviço público no ano de 2018, analisando suas características principais e em quais poderes e esferas se concentravam. Em seguida, utilizando dois critérios de corte distintos, a mediana salarial do Judiciário e o salário de ministro do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) em 2018, verificamos também a evolução salarial da parcela com remunerações mais altas do serviço público federal nos últimos 20 anos. Em particular, focamos no estudo dos chamados supersalários, isto é, aqueles que superam a remuneração de juiz do STF. Demonstramos que, apesar de o poder mais numeroso em termos de vínculos empregatícios ser o Executivo, é o Judiciário que concentra a maior parte das ocupações da chamada elite salarial. Além disso, concluímos que, embora variável ao longo dos anos, o quantitativo dos chamados supersalários é menor do que o esperado no âmbito federal. Ainda assim, gera impacto fiscal relevante. Por fim, comparamos os achados à Proposta de Emenda Constitucional (PEC) 32/2020, fazendo sugestões para a construção de um projeto de reforma administrativa mais eficiente no combate a privilégios.

This paper analyzes the salary elite among Brazilian federal civil servants. We comprehend salary elites as the occupations with the highest salaries in the state. First, using data from Annual Social Inform (Rais), we identified the top income occupations for all Brazilian civil service in 2018, analyzing its main characteristics, such as predominant branches and spheres of government. Next, using two different criteria, the income median of the judiciary branch and the salary of a member of the Brazilian Supreme Court (STF) in 2018, we verified the recent salary history of the highest income part of Brazilian federal civil servants in the last 20 years. We focused on the study of the so called “supersalários” (supersalaries), i.e., salaries that are higher than the salary of a member of the STF. Despite being the executive branch the one with most employees, we show that the judiciary branch is the one paying the highest salaries. Besides, we conclude that the amount of supersalaries is lower than expected in the federal sphere, even though it is still relevant for public budget. Finally, we compared the findings to the Proposal of Constitutional Amendment (PEC) 32/2020, suggesting ways of building an administrative reform that is more efficient towards fighting privileges in the public civil service.

Keywords

salary elite, elite salarial, élite salarial, inequalities in the civil service, salaries in the public civil service, reforma do Estado, reforma administrativa, salarios del servicio público federal, bureaucracy, desigualdades no serviço público, administrative reform, remunerações no serviço público, reforma estatal, state reform, desigualdades en el servicio público, burocracia

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green