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Образ Алеши Поповича в «Богатырском песнотворении» Н. А. Радищева (проблема жанровых трансформаций)

Образ Алеши Поповича в «Богатырском песнотворении» Н. А. Радищева (проблема жанровых трансформаций)

Abstract

In the 18th-19th centuries, there were attempts of literary appropriation of folklore heroes and genres. One of the literary characters was the epic and fairy hero Alyosha Popovich. N. A. Radishchev used this name as the title for his poem (1801). Imitating folkloric and literary genres, the unfledged writer created an original work, which comprised a synthesis of bylina (heroic epic song), fairy and bogatyr tale, heroic and sentimental poem. It is difficult to consider Radishchev’s hero as a bogatyr who vanquishes his rivals by force of his sword and strength of his mind. He uses magic items and transcendent capacities in his fight with wicked and hostile enemies. Having become the hero of a fairy tale the epic hero ceases to be a bogatyr; the poetics of the fairy tale disrupts the poetics of the bylina. In the fantasy world, there live and act heroes of another age who deliver sentimental speeches in accordance with the literary fashion, chop logic exaltedly, weep and suffer, in spite of reflection they accomplish their feats of love and create family happiness: Alyosha comes back to Kiev with his found wife, and the bogatyr becomes sexton again. In defence of these genre experiments and transformations, it is possible to showcase the success of another poet “Ruslan and Lyudmila” by A. S. Pushkin who was inspired by Radishchev’s poetic fairy tale.

В XVIII-XIX вв. были предприняты попытки литературного освоения фольклорных героев и жанров. Одним из литературных персонажей стал былинный и сказочный герой Алеша Попович, именем которого названа поэма Н. А. Радищева (1801). Подражая фольклорным и литературным жанрам, начинающий автор создал оригинальное сочинение, в котором дан синтез былины, волшебной и богатырской сказки, героической и сентиментальной поэмы. В герое Радищева трудно признать богатыря, который побеждает соперников силой оружия и духа. В борьбе со злыми и враждебными силами ему помогают магические предметы и сверхъестественные способности. Став героем волшебной сказки, былинный герой перестает быть богатырем, поэтика волшебной сказки разрушает поэтику былины. В сказочном мире живут и действуют герои другой эпохи, которые в соответствии с литературной модой произносят сентиментальные речи, экзальтированно резонерствуют, плачут и страдают, вопреки рефлексии совершают свои подвиги любви и созидают семейное счастье: Алеша вместе с обретенной женой возвращается в Киев, богатырь снова становится дьячком. В оправдание этих жанровых экспериментов и трансформаций можно предъявить удачу другого поэта «Руслана и Людмилу» А. С. Пушкина, которого вдохновила стихотворная сказочная повесть Радищева.

Keywords

ФОЛЬКЛОРНАЯ СКАЗКА,ЛИТЕРАТУРНАЯ СКАЗКА,ПОВЕСТЬ,ПОЭМА,СЕНТИМЕНТАЛИЗМ,БОГАТЫРЬ,ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЙ ГЕРОЙ,ЖАНРОВЫЕ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ,FOLKLORIC FAIRY TALE,LITERARY FAIRY TALE,LONG SHORT STORY,POEM,SENTIMENTALISM,BOGATYR,LITERARY HERO,GENRE TRANSFORMATIONS

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold