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Исследование акустической силы цели тихоокеанского кальмара (Todarodes pacificus)

Исследование акустической силы цели тихоокеанского кальмара (Todarodes pacificus)

Abstract

Acoustic targets strength is measured for japanese common squid (Todarodes рacificus) in one of the main its habitats Peter the Great Bay (Japan Sea) were acoustic surveys of this species stock are planned. The measurement of target strength in actual areas of survey enhances the correctness of the survey in compare with ex situ operating mode when the object target strength could be measured in physical and biological conditions different from those in the surveyed area. Technique of the squid individuals attachment by lead is used that allows to determine experimentally the empirical dependence of the dorsal reflectivity (target strength) of the squid TS on its mantle length ML (for ML 19-27 cm) for the frequencies 70 and 120 kHz: TS70 = 85.54 lg ML 161.5 (r = 0.90) and TS120 = 96.55 lg ML 173.3 (r = 0.95). The standard equation of form TS = 20 lg ML + b causes considerable errors, in particular for relatively small and relatively large specimens. Physical and biological factors influencing on measurements of the squid target strength are analyzed. The target strength could be corrected for natural behaviour of squid using its dependence on average angle of swimming (Kang et al., 2005): it differs from the target strength measured for dorsal view in 6 dB, on average (except the squid rush to prey); correspondingly, estimations of the squid abundance and biomass should be corrected. Besides, the target strength of squid depends essentially on frequency of acoustic signal: it decreases for lower frequencies and increases in 0.4 dB for the frequency 96-200 kHz.

Произведены измерения сил целей тихоокеанского кальмара Todarodes рaci-ficus в одном из районов его обитания в зал. Петра Великого. В указанном районе планируются акустические съемки этого вида. Такое совмещение измерений сил целей и акустической съемки более корректно, чем только режим ex situ, при котором места поимки и измерения сил целей объекта могут различаться по физическим и биологическим условиям. С помощью методики привязывания особей на поводцах экспериментально получены регрессионные зависимости дорсальной отражательной способности (силы цели) тихоокеанского кальмара от длины тела на частотах 70 и 120 кГц. Длины мантии кальмара были в диапазоне 19,5-27,2 см. Использование уравнений регрессии для сил целей типа 20 log(ML) + b приводит к значительным погрешностям в оценке сил целей кальмара как слева, так и справа от средней (на краях диапазона длин мантий этого вида). Приведены различные физические и биологические факторы, влияющие на измерения силы цели кальмара. Использование зависимости силы цели T. рacificus от средних углов наклона плавания в полученных нами соотношениях для дорсального аспекта позволяет уточнить ориентировочно на 6 дБ силу цели кальмара для его естественного поведения в среде обитания (исключая его броски за жертвой во время кормления). Показано, что сила цели этого вида существенно зависит от частоты звука (для указанных частот) и это изменение не монотонно, так как, уменьшаясь на меньших частотах, в частотном интервале от 96,2 до 200,0 кГц сила цели возрастает на 0,4 дБ.

Keywords

ТИХООКЕАНСКИЙ КАЛЬМАР, ГИДРОАКУСТИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ, АНТЕННА С РАСЩЕПЛЕННЫМ ЛУЧОМ, СИЛА ЦЕЛИ, УГЛЫ НАКЛОНА КАЛЬМАРА, ДОРСАЛЬНЫЙ АСПЕКТ, РЕГРЕССИОННОЕ УРАВНЕНИЕ, ДЛИНА МАНТИИ КАЛЬМАРА

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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