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Регулирование вопросов землепользования внутри кряшенской (крещено-татарской) поземельной общины вол го-уральского региона во второй половине XIX - начале ХХ века

Регулирование вопросов землепользования внутри кряшенской (крещено-татарской) поземельной общины вол го-уральского региона во второй половине XIX - начале ХХ века

Abstract

Особое значение в социальной и хозяйственной жизни крещено-татарского сельского населения во второй половине XIX - начале хх в. имели вопросы регулирования имущественных отношений и землепользования внутри поземел общины. По формам распределения земельных наделов у них выделялись земли, переделявшиеся периодически, к которым относилась основная часть посевных площадей, сенокосов и лесов и участки, исключавшиеся из передела. Земля распределялась по ревизским душам или по тяглу. Преобладающей была паровая зерновая система земледелия с трехпольным севооборотом. Вплоть до второй половины XIX в. у крещеных татар не было четкого хронологического периода передела общественных земель. Он мог варьироваться от нескольких до 25 лет. с 1880-х гг. все больше крестьян переходят к уравнительной системе распределения земли по наличным душам мужского пола. некоторые коррективы в традицию общинного землепользования внесла столыпинская аграрная реформа, вследствие проведения которой в отдельных селениях появились единоличные хозяйства, порвавшие тесную связь с сельской общиной. несмотря на эти локальные изменения вплоть до революционных событий 1917 г. у крещеных татар продолжала доминировать коллективная, общинная форма собственности на землю.

Of particular importance in the social and economic life of the baptized tatars of the rural population in the second half of XIX  early XX century. Had the regulation of property relations in land and land use within the community. By study the distribution of land holdings they were allocated land redividing periodically to which the bulk of the crop areas, grasslands and forests and areas excluded from processing. Land was distributed to registered males souls or tax. Steam was predominant grain farming system with threefield crop rotation. Until the second half of the XIX century. have baptized Tatars there was no clear chronological period redistribution of public lands. He could range from a few to 25 years. Since the 1880s. more and more farmers are moving toward an equalizing system of land distribution on cash souls of men. Some adjustments to the tradition of communal land tenure made Stolypin agrarian reform, as a result of conduct which in some villages there were individual farms have broken a close relationship with rural communities. Despite these local changes up to the revolutionary events of 1917 have baptized tatars continued to dominate the collective, communal ownership of land.

Keywords

ИСТОРИЯ РОССИЙСКОГО КРЕСТЬЯНСТВА, ОБЫЧНОЕ ПРАВО, ИСТОРИЯ КРЕЩЕНЫХ ТАТАР, ЗЕМЕЛЬНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ В ВОЛГО-УРАЛЬЕ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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