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Почвы равнин Западного Прикаспия и проблемы их использования

Почвы равнин Западного Прикаспия и проблемы их использования

Abstract

The value of low-lying plains of the Western Pre-Caspian Region associated with the unique objects located there: relict dunes in a foothill zone, the reserve Black lands, and the piedmont and seaside Terek-Sulak plain. In this article we analyze physical and chemical properties of soils and managing forms in the Kalmyk steppe and on plains of Dagestan. We also explored humus content dependence on granulometric fractions for the major soil types Kuma-Manych Depression in a number soil profiles. Our study shows strong soil ecosystems’ vulnerability is due to pastures load increasing, irrigated agriculture, construction of reservoirs and channels. Anthropogenic stress leads to a soil dehumification, strengthening of deflationary processes, flooding, and bogging, as well as secondary salinization. We strongly recommend blueprint-stage studying of all anthropogenic intervention into Western Pre-Caspian steppes’ biogeocenoses functioning. The assessment priority in ecological consequences of environmental management of new projects has to be on the party of research works.

Анализ физических и химических свойств почв и форм хозяйствования в Калмыцкой степи и на равнинах Дагестана показывает сильную уязвимость почвенных экосистем в результате увеличения нагрузки на пастбища, орошаемого земледелия, строительства водохранилищ и каналов. Антропогенная нагрузка приводит к дегумификации, усилению дефляционных процессов, подтоплению, заболачиванию, вторичному засолению. Необходима тщательная проработка любого вмешательства человека в функционирование луговых биогеоценозов Западного Прикаспия. Приоритет в оценке экологических последствий новых проектов природопользования должен быть на стороне научно-исследовательских работ. Ценность низинных равнин Западного Прикаспия приумножается присутствием уникальных объектов на этой территории: реликтовые дюны в предгорной зоне, заповедник Черные земли и функционирование подгорно-приморской Терско-Сулакской равнины.

Keywords

ПОДГОРНО-ПРИМОРСКИЕ РАВНИНЫ, ПОЧВЫ ДАГЕСТАНА, ПОЧВЫ КАЛМЫКИИ, ЗАСОЛЕНИЕ ПОЧВ, АЛЛЮВИАЛЬНЫЕ ОТЛОЖЕНИЯ, ПОЧВЫ ЗАПАДНОГО ПРИКАСПИЯ, ВТОРИЧНОЕ ЗАСОЛЕНИЕ ПОЧВ, ГРАНУЛОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЙ СОСТАВ, ГУМУС

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    influence
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average