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ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ СКОРОСТИ ЛЕДОКОЛОВ НА «ЧИСТОЙ» ВОДЕ, ЭКСПЛУАТИРУЕМЫХ НА СЕВЕРНОМ КАСПИИ

ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ СКОРОСТИ ЛЕДОКОЛОВ НА «ЧИСТОЙ» ВОДЕ, ЭКСПЛУАТИРУЕМЫХ НА СЕВЕРНОМ КАСПИИ

Abstract

While designing icebreakers and icegoing vessels’ propulsion systems it is important to consider the speed in ice-free water, which is known to be one of the main ship’s characteristics. In the article, the method was developed for determining the rate of open water at the given calculations, the movement of the ship in ice, having a set of initial data points. The standard practice to determine the rate in the “clean” water for icebreakers is to define the curve crossing of the ship’s towing capacity in a “clean” water with a maximum towing capacity of the line, made by a vessel in the ice. The given article deals with the method, which does not deviate from the standard one, but explains how to use this standard procedure working with a set of initial data for the further design of this range of values that can be useful for selecting the optimal ship’s characteristics for different conditions. Such steps are considered: determination the area of the calculated values of the ice resistance, icebreaker’s calculation towing capacity in ice conditions, determination bandwidth reduction of speed range in ice free on the ship-prototype, calculation of ship’s resistance in ice free for the selected speed range, the towing vessel capacity range calculation in ice free and bandwidth reduction of speed range, the definition of the intersection of the ranges and the determination in ice free water of vessel’s speed range. Also it is confirmed and checked the correctness of the calculations by the given method of the characteristics of prototype ships operating in the fixed area of navigation. The error is revealed, it is less than ten percent, which is acceptable in the early stages of design. In conclusion, the article shows the structure of the method that is applicable for the design of both icebreakers and icegoing vessels.

При проектировании пропульсивных комплексов ледоколов и судов ледового плавания важное значение имеет скорость на «чистой» воде, которая является одной из основных характеристик судна. В статье разработана методика определения скорости ледоколов на «чистой» воде при заданных расчетных показателях движения судна во льдах для совокупности множества точек исходных данных. Стандартная методика определения скорости на «чистой» воде для ледоколов представляет собой определение пересечения кривой буксировочной мощности судна на «чистой» воде с прямой максимальной буксировочной мощности, достигаемой судном во льдах. Приведенная в статье методика не отходит от стандартной, но объясняет, как использовать стандартную методику при работе со множеством исходных данных, чтобы при дальнейшем проектировании из этого диапазона значений можно было выбрать оптимальные характеристики судна для различных условий. Рассмотрены такие этапы, как определение области расчетных значений ледового сопротивления, расчет буксировочной мощности ледокола в ледовых условиях, определение диапазона скоростей на тихой воде по судам-прототипам, расчет сопротивления судна на «чистой» воде для выбранного диапазона скоростей, расчет диапазона буксировочных мощностей судна на «чистой» воде и сужение диапазона скоростей, определение пересечения диапазонов и определение диапазона скоростей судна на «чистой» воде. Также в подтверждение корректности расчетов по предложенной методике осуществляется проверка значений по характеристикам судов-прототипов, которые эксплуатируются в рассматриваемом районе плавания. Выявлена погрешность меньше десяти процентов, которая допустима на начальных этапах проектирования. В заключение статьи приведена структура методики, которая применима для проектирования как ледоколов, так и судов ледового плавания.

Keywords

ЛЕДОВОЕ СОПРОТИВЛЕНИЕ,ПРОПУЛЬСИВНЫЙ КОМПЛЕКС,ЛЕДОКОЛ,СКОРОСТЬ ВО ЛЬДАХ,СКОРОСТЬ НА "ЧИСТОЙ" ВОДЕ,БУКСИРОВОЧНАЯ МОЩНОСТЬ,СУДНО-ПРОТОТИП,ICE RESISTANCE,PROPULSION COMPLEX,ICEBREAKER,SPEED IN ICE,SPEED IN ICE FREE,TOW-ROPE HORSEPOWER,SHIP-PROTOTYPE

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    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average