In spite of some progress in treating various forms of CHD, cardiac insufficiency prevails in the structure of cardiovascular pathology and remains the most common cause of lethality. A comparative analysis of results obtained during surgical and drug treatment of 252 patients with CHD complicated by cardiac insufficiency was carried out. It was found out that surgical treatment of patients with CHD and pronounced systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle in combination with drug therapy would yield better results as compared with isolated drug therapy. Thus, 3-year survival while using surgical strategy amounted to 78 % and 55 % in the case of isolated drug therapy.