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Средства внешней диалогичности авторского повествования в ранней прозе А. П. Чехова

Средства внешней диалогичности авторского повествования в ранней прозе А. П. Чехова

Abstract

This paper presents the results of external dialogueness studies as a type of the author's narrative in A. Chekhov's early stories, created in 1880s. The set of language means that shows external dialogueness in Chekhov's narration is established as a way to demonstrate "author narrator reader" relations, it includes such grammatical forms as verb forms of second person, reference, and question-answer complexes. The parity of the means mentioned and specificity of their usage in Chekhov's early narration is under analysis. The author lays special attention to the second person plural forms of verbs because it is considered to be the main means of external dialogueness representation in A. Chekhov's early stories. The all-purpose and peculiar functions of external dialogueness means in Chekhov's narration are revealed. The all-purpose functions are the ones that are viewed as being extended over any type of the text, including activation of the reader's attention, demonstration of the nature of interaction between the writer and the reader. The specific functions are thought to be relevant only for the author's narration in early Chekhov's writings. This type of functions includes ascertainment of conflict or unison patterns of interaction in the dialogue between the author and the reader, which is defined by presumable coincidence or discrepancy in the reader's reaction and the author's position, and expression of the author's implicit estimation of the characters and situations.

В статье представлены результаты исследования одного из типов диалогичности авторского повествования на материале прозы А.П. Чехова 1880-х гг. Установлен состав средств создания внешней диалогичности чеховского повествования, отражающей отношения «автор повествователь читатель», в их число входят глагольные формы 2-го лица, обращения и вопросно-ответные единства. Проанализировано соотношение этих средств и специфика их употребления в рамках повествовательных структур текста в ранних чеховских рассказах. Особое внимание уделено описанию глагольных форм 2-го лица множественного числа как важнейшему средству создания внешней диалогичности. Выявлены универсальные и специфические функции средств внешней диалогичности чеховского повествования. К числу универсальных функций (присущих любому типу текста) отнесены активизация внимания читателя и демонстрация иерархического характера отношений между автором и читателем. В ряду специфических функций (релевантных только для авторского повествования в ранних чеховских рассказах) выделены установление определенного конфликтного или унисонного типа взаимоотношений автора в диалоге с читателем, обусловленного предположительным совпадением или несовпадением читательской реакции с позицией автора, и выражение непрямой авторской оценки персонажей и ситуаций.

Keywords

КОММУНИКАЦИЯ, ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННЫЙ СТИЛЬ, ДИАЛОГИЧНОСТЬ, ВНЕШНЯЯ ДИАЛОГИЧНОСТЬ, СРЕДСТВА СОЗДАНИЯ ДИАЛОГИЧНОСТИ, ФУНКЦИИ ДИАЛОГИЧНОСТИ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold