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К изучению семантического своеобразия отсоматической лексики с приставкой безв русской языковой традиции

К изучению семантического своеобразия отсоматической лексики с приставкой безв русской языковой традиции

Abstract

The article presents the semantic-motivational analysis of Russian dialect and common words with the prefix bezderived from words denoting somatic objects relating to the head and face zone (for example, bezglazyi “one-eyed”, bezzubyi “unsharp, weak, powerless”). Semantic types of somatic derivatives with the prefix bezare identified. The conducted analysis helps to state that the ideas of absence of body parts relating to the head zone are highly detailed; the ideas of various somatic objects are asymmetrically “elaborated” in the language. The article reveals the words denoting functional organs that have the bigger potential of the secondary meaning development in comparison with the other lexemes of this group. The author determines the dependence of the semantic derivative’s character on the named body part’s functionality degree, its importance for life as well as on the stylistic and semantic peculiarities of the productive stem. The lexemes without prefixes are compared with the lexemes which inner form reflects the somatic object absence with the help of the prefix bez-. It allows raising a question on peculiarities of the corporal norm’s reflection in the language.

В статье представлен семантико-мотивационный анализ русских диалектных и общенародных слов с приставкой без-, которые образованы от обозначений соматических объектов, относящихся к зоне головы и лица (например, безглазый ‘одноглазый’, беззубый ‘лишенный остроты, слабый, бессильный’). Выявляются семантические типы отсоматических образований с приставкой без -. Проведенный анализ позволяет говорить о детальной разработке в языке представлений об отсутствии частей тела, относящихся к зоне головы. Выявлены такие обозначения функциональных органов, которые имеют больший в сравнении с прочими лексемами данной группы потенциал развития вторичных значений. Устанавливается зависимость характера семантической деривации от степени функциональности номинируемой части тела, ее значимости для жизни, а также от стилистического и семантического своеобразия производящей основы. Осуществляется сравнение лексем, во внутренней форме которых при помощи приставки безотражено отсутствие соматического объекта, с бесприставочными лексемами. Это позволяет поставить вопрос о своеобразии отражения в языке корпоральной нормы.

Keywords

СЕМАНТИКО-МОТИВАЦИОННАЯ РЕКОНСТРУКЦИЯ, ПРИСТАВОЧНАЯ ЛЕКСИКА, ПРИСТАВКА БЕЗ-, ПРЕДЛОГ БЕЗ, СЕМАНТИЧЕСКАЯ ДЕРИВАЦИЯ, СОМАТИЗМЫ, НАИВНАЯ АНАТОМИЯ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold