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Story about Zhuang-zi and His Wife, and It’s Improvement in Russia

Authors: Tsvetkov, D. V.;

Story about Zhuang-zi and His Wife, and It’s Improvement in Russia

Abstract

Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию сюжета о даосском мыслителе Чжуан-цзы и его жене, и его бытовании в русской культуре XVIII в. Основным фактическим материалом данного исследования послужил текст «Тшуанг-тзе и Тиена, или открытая неверность. Повесть китайская, с приобщением трех повестей из книги называемой превраты счастья». Данная повесть была опубликована на русском языке в 1785 г. Перевод был выполнен с французского языка. Переводчик не установлен. Сюжет описывает уличение Чжуан-цзы своей жены, госпожи Тянь в неверности. В ходе исследования было выявлено, что данный сюжет был известен в России и Европе еще до публикации данной повести. Аналогичный сюжет о неверной жене были использован Вольтером в одной из глав его философской повести «Задиг, или Судьба». Вполне очевидно, что Вольтер использовал в качестве источника вдохновения китайскую повесть с аналогичным сюжетом, однако, в качестве главного героя там выступать У-ван — один из первых правителей эпохи Чжоу. Было также установлено, что рассматриваемая повесть является первым художественным произведением китайской литературы, переведенным на русский язык. Перевод повести «Тшуанг-тзе и Тиена…» преследовал назидательно-дидактические цели показать пример высоконравственной личности и правильных с конфуцианской точки зрения отношений между мужем и женой. Данная тенденция была широко распространена в России второй половины XVIII в., и касалась как переводов с китайского и маньчжурского языков, а также непрямых переводов китайских философских и политических текстов с европейских языков. Данные переводы служили руководством по воспитанию дворянской молодежи. 

This paper is dedicated to research of story about Taoist thinker Zhuan-zi and his wife, and it`s circulation in Russian culture, in the XVIIIth century. Main research material was a text “Zhuang-zi and Tian, discovered adultery. Chinese novel with three novels from book called adversities of happiness”. This novel was published in Russian in the 1785. Translated from French. Translator is not identified. Novel is describe how did Zhuang-zi discovered his wife`s adultery. During this research, it was discovered, that this story was known in Russia before this novel`s publishing. Same story about unfaithful wife was used by Voltair in one of his philosophical novel`s chapter “Zadig; or, The Book of Fate”. It is obviously, that Voltair was inspirited by Chinese novel with same story, but main character was Wu-Wang is one of the first rulers of ancient Chinese Zhou state. Same time it was discovered, that researching text was a first Chinese fiction, translated into Russian. Translation of “Zhuang-zi and Tian…” had a didactical reason. It should show an example of morally person, and true confucianistic relations between husband and wife. This tendency was popular in Russia in second part of the XVIIIth century, and was related with translations from Chinese and Manchu, and indirect translations of Chinese philosophical and political texts from European languages. These texts used to be as handbooks about education of noble young people.

Keywords

Китай; Россия; русская культура XVIII в.; китайская литература; переводы; эпоха Просвещения; культурные связи; даосизм; назидательные тексты; воспитание, China; Russia; Russian culture of the XVIII th century; Chinese literature; translations; age of Enlightenment. Cultural relations; Taoism; edificatory texts; education

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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