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PROBLEMS OF RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE RADIATION SAFETY IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS IN DIFFERENT SITUATIONS

PROBLEMS OF RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE RADIATION SAFETY IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS IN DIFFERENT SITUATIONS

Abstract

The article presents an analysis of the main sources of radioecological risks and disasters in the world and the Republic of Belarus. It is shown that the consequences of radioecological disasters are aggravated by natural phenomena and disasters (hydrometeorological, seismological, etc.). For the Republic of Belarus, the most significant sources are nuclear heritage sites, potential nuclear and radiation disasters, transportation of nuclear materials and transboundary transfer. The main problems of radioecological risk management in Belarus before 1986 are identified and methods for solving them are proposed, taking into account the implementation of a preventive approach. The need for control and management of organizational risks in the radiation safety is shown. The importance of improving the efficiency of the radiation monitoring and radiation situation forecast system, as well as early warning systems and threat and risk mapping, was noted, taking into account known current and potential threats. В статье представлен анализ основных источников радиоэкологических рисков и бедствий в мире и Республике Беларусь. Показано, что последствия радиоэкологических бедствий усугубляются явлениями и бедствиями природного характера (гидрометеорологическими, сейсмологическими и др.). Для Республики Беларусь наиболее значимыми источниками являются объекты ядерного наследия, потенциальные ядерные и радиационные катастрофы, транспортирование ядерных материалов и трансграничный перенос. Выделены основные проблемы управления радиоэкологическими рисками в Беларуси до 1986 и предложены методы их решения с учетом реализации превентивного подхода. Показана необходимость контроля и управления организационными рисками в сфере ОРБ. Отмечена важность повышения эффективности системы радиационного мониторинга и прогноза радиационной обстановки, а также систем раннего оповещения и картирования угроз и рисков, учитывая известные действующие и потенциальные угрозы.

Keywords

ситуации облучения, мониторинг и прогноз радиационной обстановки, ionizing radiation (IR), радиоэкологические бедствия и радиационная безопасность, radiation safety management (RSM), radioecological risk management mechanisms, monitoring and forecasting of the radiation situation, exposure situations, ионизирующее излучение (ИИ), radioecological disasters and radiation safety, степень риска, risk rank, Сендайская рамочная программа по снижению риска бедствий на 2015–2030 гг., Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030, обеспечение радиационной безопасности (ОРБ), механизмы управления радиоэкологическими рисками

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
hybrid