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Christian Medieval Art in Norse Greenland : Crosses and Crucifixes and their European Antecedents

Authors: Ebbe Nyborg; Jette Arneborg;

Christian Medieval Art in Norse Greenland : Crosses and Crucifixes and their European Antecedents

Abstract

During a spectacular excavation in 1921 at the Norse farm of Herjolfsnes (Ikigaat) on the southern tip of Greenland, Poul Nørlund found 58 wooden crosses of drift­wood in the graves at the site. These vary in size from c. 10 to 70 cm. Since then, more crosses have been found in other churchyards, as well as a few in a more “profane” context in dwellings. Nearly all of these crosses are quite simple. But six of them are more elaborately carved with specific traits, which enable closer comparison with prototypes from Europe. Four crosses have Doric capital ends, which must be derived from the design of German and English crosses dating to the beginning of the 11th century and spread to Scandinavia in the 12th century. A regular crucifixion group (Calvary) has English and Norwegian antecedents dating to the mid-13th century, and a panel crucifix displays elements from a period as long c. 1200–1350, suggesting extreme lateness in style. There is nothing to stop us assuming that dissemination of influences essentially occurred through Nor­way and perhaps Iceland. Several stylistic traits, such as the Doric capitals, acanthus leaf and classical drapery, can be traced all the way back to classical anti­quity and represent their earliest occurrence in the western hemisphere. https://doi.org/10.33063/diva-429323

Country
Sweden
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Subjects by Vocabulary

Microsoft Academic Graph classification: Medieval art History Excavation Ancient history

Keywords

Konst, burials, Arts, crucifixes, absolution crosses, wooden crosses, devotional crosses, Norse Greenland, General Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Herjolfsnes

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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