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Influenza viruses and coronaviruses: Knowns, unknowns, and common research challenges
Copyright policy )Influenza viruses and coronaviruses: Knowns, unknowns, and common research challenges
International audience; The development of safe and effective vaccines in a record time after the emergence of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a remarkable achievement, partly based on the experience gained from multiple viral outbreaks in the past decades. However, the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis also revealed weaknesses in the global pandemic response and large gaps that remain in our knowledge of the biology of coronaviruses (CoVs) and influenza viruses, the 2 major respiratory viruses with pandemic potential. Here, we review current knowns and unknowns of influenza viruses and CoVs, and we highlight common research challenges they pose in 3 areas: the mechanisms of viral emergence and adaptation to humans, the physiological and molecular determinants of disease severity, and the development of control strategies. We outline multidisciplinary approaches and technological innovations that need to be harnessed in order to improve preparedeness to the next pandemic.
- Université Paris Diderot France
- Institut Pasteur France
- Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives France
- Inserm France
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon France
Medical Subject Headings: viruses virus diseases
RNA viruses, Viral Diseases, Coronaviruses, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Review, Medical Conditions, Public and Occupational Health, Biology (General), Pathology and laboratory medicine, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Vaccines, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Medical microbiology, Viral Load, Orthomyxoviridae, Vaccination and Immunization, Infectious Diseases, Influenza A virus, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Viruses, Pathogens, SARS CoV 2, SARS coronavirus, Infectious Disease Control, QH301-705.5, [SDV.BBM.BS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Immunology, Antiviral Agents, Microbiology, Evolution, Molecular, Drug Development, Virology, Vaccine Development, Influenza, Human, Genetics, Influenza viruses, Animals, Humans, Selection, Genetic, Pandemics, Molecular Biology, Medicine and health sciences, Biology and life sciences, SARS-CoV-2, Organisms, Viral pathogens, COVID-19, Covid 19, Viral Vaccines, RC581-607, Influenza, Microbial pathogens, Parasitology, Preventive Medicine, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, Orthomyxoviruses
RNA viruses, Viral Diseases, Coronaviruses, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Review, Medical Conditions, Public and Occupational Health, Biology (General), Pathology and laboratory medicine, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Vaccines, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Medical microbiology, Viral Load, Orthomyxoviridae, Vaccination and Immunization, Infectious Diseases, Influenza A virus, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Viruses, Pathogens, SARS CoV 2, SARS coronavirus, Infectious Disease Control, QH301-705.5, [SDV.BBM.BS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Immunology, Antiviral Agents, Microbiology, Evolution, Molecular, Drug Development, Virology, Vaccine Development, Influenza, Human, Genetics, Influenza viruses, Animals, Humans, Selection, Genetic, Pandemics, Molecular Biology, Medicine and health sciences, Biology and life sciences, SARS-CoV-2, Organisms, Viral pathogens, COVID-19, Covid 19, Viral Vaccines, RC581-607, Influenza, Microbial pathogens, Parasitology, Preventive Medicine, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, Orthomyxoviruses
Medical Subject Headings: viruses virus diseases
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).10 popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.Top 10% influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).Average impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.Top 10% citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).10 popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.Top 10% influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).Average impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.Top 10%
Citations provided by BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
- Université Paris Diderot France
- Institut Pasteur France
- Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives France
- Inserm France
- École Normale Supérieure de Lyon France
International audience; The development of safe and effective vaccines in a record time after the emergence of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a remarkable achievement, partly based on the experience gained from multiple viral outbreaks in the past decades. However, the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis also revealed weaknesses in the global pandemic response and large gaps that remain in our knowledge of the biology of coronaviruses (CoVs) and influenza viruses, the 2 major respiratory viruses with pandemic potential. Here, we review current knowns and unknowns of influenza viruses and CoVs, and we highlight common research challenges they pose in 3 areas: the mechanisms of viral emergence and adaptation to humans, the physiological and molecular determinants of disease severity, and the development of control strategies. We outline multidisciplinary approaches and technological innovations that need to be harnessed in order to improve preparedeness to the next pandemic.