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Nuevos enfoques diagnósticos para la esteatosis hepática no alcohólica

Authors: Alex Patricio Morales Carrasco; Vanessa Navarro Armas; Diego Ochoa Crespo; Valeria Rodríguez Vela; Berta Villota Villota; Gabriela Quinatoa Yaucan; Manuel Gallegos Paredes; +2 Authors

Nuevos enfoques diagnósticos para la esteatosis hepática no alcohólica

Abstract

La esteatosis hepática no alcohólica o enfermedad por hígado graso no alcohólico (EHGNA) es actualmente la enfermedad hepática crónica más común a nivel mundial, con alta prevalencia y mortalidad, y estrechamente vinculada con otras enfermedades crónicas transmisibles que constituyen problemas graves hoy en día como el síndrome metabólico y la diabetes mellitus tipo 2. La EHGNA engloba un espectro de entidades histopatológicas, que se correlaciona directamente con la historia natural de la enfermedad, donde el hígado graso no alcohólico es considerado la forma benigna inicial, precedente a la esteatohepatitis no alcohólica, que incrementa el riesgo de complicaciones hepáticas, así como la mortalidad general y por causas hepáticas. Aunque estas descripciones son conceptualmente claras, el diagnóstico de las entidades en el espectro de la EHGNA suele ser complejo o difícil, especialmente para las formas más leves o incipientes. La biopsia hepática es el procedimiento gold standard para el diagnóstico de estas condiciones. No obstante, es impráctica para su uso a gran escala, acarrea los riesgos relacionados con su invasividad y puede ser poco sensible; mientras que las técnicas de imagenología pueden ser costosas o logísticamente imprácticas. La identificación de biomarcadores circulantes confiables para la EHGNA podría aliviar esta problemática. No obstante, debido a que la EHGNA es eminentemente multifactorial, es improbable que cualquier marcador aislado sea suficiente para una evaluación diagnóstica o pronóstica certera. En esta revisión se re- sumen los nuevos enfoques diagnósticos para la EHGNA, centrados en el uso de biomarcadores.

Keywords

Esteatosis hepática no alcohólica, esteato-hepatitis no alcohólica, métodos diagnósticos, biomarcadores

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green