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Marco Polo a jeho znalost asijských jazyků
Marco Polo a jeho znalost asijských jazyků
Marco Polo and his knowledge of Asian languages Marco Polo (1254–1324) claimed (or rather his editors) that he could speak (and read) in other languages in ad dition to his own, at least five. Although he spoke little Chinese or rather not, he spoke a number of languages used in East Asia at the time – most likely Turkic (in the Kuman dialect: (lingua) tartara; tartaresce; tartaresche), which was also spoken among Mongols, Arabized Per sians, Uighurs and perhaps even he knew Mongolian. While communicating with the Great Khan, Marco Polo was almost certainly able to speak and write Mongolian. Marco Polo usually referred to Chinese local names in Persian, so it is very likely that he spoke Persian and was able to read the Arabic script. In addition, Persian was the lingua franca used throughout the region at the time even at Kublai Khan’s court. The paper brings some particular examples from Marco’s Mss.
- Czech Academy of Sciences Czech Republic
- University of West Bohemia Czech Republic
Microsoft Academic Graph classification: History Lingua franca language.human_language language East Asia Arabic script computer Classics computer.programming_language Persian
languages, Asia, Marco Polo, jazyky, Asie
languages, Asia, Marco Polo, jazyky, Asie
Microsoft Academic Graph classification: History Lingua franca language.human_language language East Asia Arabic script computer Classics computer.programming_language Persian
Polo, Marco. 1902. Marka Pavlova z Benátek Milion. Dle jediného rukopisu spolu s příslušným základem latinským. Vydal Dr. Justin V. Prášek. V Praze: Nákladem České akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění.
Polo, Marco. 1989. Milión neboli O zvycích a poměrech ve vý- chodních krajích. Přeložil Václav Bahník. Praha: Odeon.
Polo, Marco. 2018. Le Devisement dou monde. 1 Testo, secondo la lezione del codice fr. 1116 della Bibliothèque Nationale de France a cura di Mario Eusebi, 2 Glossario a cura di Eugenio Burgio. Venezia: Edizioni Ca' Foscari (Filologie medievali e moderne 16. Serie occidentale 13).
14 Tím zmíněným jazykem mohla být tangutština, která se v oblasti používala ještě po pádu Tangutské říše (též Západní Sia 西夏 Xī Xià 1038-1227), až do začátku 16. století, případně ujgurština nebo u nestoriánů syrská aramejština.
15 O studiu tunchuangských rukopisů viz např. zde: https://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Dunhuang_manuscripts.
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).0 popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.Average influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).Average impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.Average citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).0 popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.Average influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).Average impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.Average
Popularity provided by BIP!- Czech Academy of Sciences Czech Republic
- University of West Bohemia Czech Republic
Marco Polo and his knowledge of Asian languages Marco Polo (1254–1324) claimed (or rather his editors) that he could speak (and read) in other languages in ad dition to his own, at least five. Although he spoke little Chinese or rather not, he spoke a number of languages used in East Asia at the time – most likely Turkic (in the Kuman dialect: (lingua) tartara; tartaresce; tartaresche), which was also spoken among Mongols, Arabized Per sians, Uighurs and perhaps even he knew Mongolian. While communicating with the Great Khan, Marco Polo was almost certainly able to speak and write Mongolian. Marco Polo usually referred to Chinese local names in Persian, so it is very likely that he spoke Persian and was able to read the Arabic script. In addition, Persian was the lingua franca used throughout the region at the time even at Kublai Khan’s court. The paper brings some particular examples from Marco’s Mss.