The ESA Earth Explorer 10 Candidate Mission: applications on the retrieval of SST gradients from L1 observations
The ESA Earth Explorer 10 Candidate Mission: applications on the retrieval of SST gradients from L1 observations
Presented at the GHRSST XXIII international science team meeting, 27 June-1 July 2022, online and in-person (Barcelona). #GHRSST23 Short abstract The ESA Harmony Earth Explorer 10 candidate mission science objectives cover applications spanning from upper oceans dynamics to air-sea interactions, cryosphere and solid-Earth. The mission is designed primarily to study the coupled atmosphere-ocean dynamics. The focus is on air-sea interactions and small-scale upper ocean processes in the sub-mesoscale to mesoscale dynamical regimes, that are crucial for the vertical transport of momentum, heat, carbon, nutrients and marine organisms. These processes have a clear signature in Sea Surface Temperature (SST). Intense SST gradients are indeed actively involved in the ocean-atmosphere coupling. Their relation with local changes in sea surface roughness, surface winds up to the modulation of storm tracks has been extensively documented. The Harmony mission concept tackles these issues providing co-located observations of high-resolution surface roughness, currents and SST. Based on the characteristics of the Harmony Thermal-InfraRed payload, we focus on the retrieval of relative SST gradients from Top Of Atmosphere (TOA) Brightness-Temperature (BT) observations as obtained from a broadband (8-13 µm) Panchromatic channel (PAN). This approach, compared to the SST-gradient estimates from L2 geophysical retrievals, is expected to reduce the retrieval’s sensitivity to radiometric noise and mitigates the impact of inter-channel co-registration errors. Based on L1 and L2 GHRSST SST data, we mimic PAN-derived Harmony observations and show that SST gradients are correctly located in the TOA observations. Analytical studies, as well as simulations based on the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS) also enabled to quantify the detrimental effect of co-registration and radiometric noise on the space-based SST gradients retrieval.
- Delft University of Technology Netherlands
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