
Significance The mitochondria, organelles that produce the largest amounts of ATP and reactive oxygen species (mROS) in living cells, are equipped with a universal mechanism that can completely prevent mROS production. This mechanism consists of mild depolarization of the inner mitochondrial membrane to decrease the membrane potential to a level sufficient to form ATP but insufficient to generate mROS. In short-lived mice, aging is accompanied by inactivation of the mild depolarization mechanism, resulting in chronic poisoning of the organism with mROS. However, mild depolarization still functions for many years in long-lived naked mole rats and bats.
570, Aging, mitochondria ; mild depolarization ; antioxidant ; aging ; naked mole rat, 610, Electron Transport, Mitochondrial Proteins, Mice, Species Specificity, Chiroptera, Hexokinase, Animals, Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial, Mole Rats, Adenosine Diphosphate/metabolism; Aging; Animals; Chiroptera; Creatine/metabolism; Electron Transport; Embryo, Mammalian; Glucose/metabolism; Hexokinase/metabolism; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mice; Mitochondria/metabolism; Mitochondria/physiology; Mitochondrial Membranes/enzymology; Mitochondrial Membranes/metabolism; Mitochondrial Membranes/physiology; Mitochondrial Proteins/metabolism; Mole Rats; Organ Specificity; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism; Species Specificity; aging; antioxidant; mild depolarization; mitochondria; naked mole rat, Biological Sciences, Creatine, Embryo, Mammalian, Mitochondria, Adenosine Diphosphate, Glucose, Organ Specificity, Mitochondrial Membranes, Reactive Oxygen Species
570, Aging, mitochondria ; mild depolarization ; antioxidant ; aging ; naked mole rat, 610, Electron Transport, Mitochondrial Proteins, Mice, Species Specificity, Chiroptera, Hexokinase, Animals, Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial, Mole Rats, Adenosine Diphosphate/metabolism; Aging; Animals; Chiroptera; Creatine/metabolism; Electron Transport; Embryo, Mammalian; Glucose/metabolism; Hexokinase/metabolism; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; Mice; Mitochondria/metabolism; Mitochondria/physiology; Mitochondrial Membranes/enzymology; Mitochondrial Membranes/metabolism; Mitochondrial Membranes/physiology; Mitochondrial Proteins/metabolism; Mole Rats; Organ Specificity; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism; Species Specificity; aging; antioxidant; mild depolarization; mitochondria; naked mole rat, Biological Sciences, Creatine, Embryo, Mammalian, Mitochondria, Adenosine Diphosphate, Glucose, Organ Specificity, Mitochondrial Membranes, Reactive Oxygen Species
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