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Wireless Silent Speech Interface Using Multichannel Textile EMG Sensors Integrated Into Headphones

Authors: Tang, C; Mallah, J; Kazieczko, D; Yi, W; Kandukuri, TR; Occhipinti, E; Mishra, B; +2 Authors

Wireless Silent Speech Interface Using Multichannel Textile EMG Sensors Integrated Into Headphones

Abstract

This paper presents a novel wireless silent speech interface (SSI) integrating multi-channel textile-based EMG electrodes into headphone earmuff for real-time, hands-free communication. Unlike conventional patch-based EMG systems, which require large-area electrodes on the face or neck, our approach ensures comfort, discretion, and wearability while maintaining robust silent speech decoding. The system utilizes four graphene/PEDOT:PSS-coated textile electrodes to capture speech-related neuromuscular activity, with signals processed via a compact ESP32-S3-based wireless readout module. To address the challenge of variable skin-electrode coupling, we propose a 1D SE-ResNet architecture incorporating squeeze-and-excitation (SE) blocks to dynamically adjust per-channel attention weights, enhancing robustness against motion-induced impedance variations. The proposed system achieves 96% accuracy on 10 commonly used voice-free control words, outperforming conventional single-channel and non-adaptive baselines. Experimental validation, including XAI-based attention analysis and t-SNE feature visualization, confirms the adaptive channel selection capability and effective feature extraction of the model. This work advances wearable EMG-based SSIs, demonstrating a scalable, low-power, and user-friendly platform for silent communication, assistive technologies, and human-computer interaction.

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Keywords

Signal Processing (eess.SP), FOS: Computer and information sciences, human-machine interaction (HMI), Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Deep learning, silent speech interface (SSI), wearable sensor, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing, Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
hybrid