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https://doi.org/10.1109/i2mtc5...
Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
License: IEEE Copyright
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Real-time Wave Monitoring on Coastal Areas Using LPWAN-Based Embedded Systems

Authors: Carandell Widmer, Matias; Toma, Daniel; Artero Delgado, Carola; Gasulla Forner, Manuel; Río Fernández, Joaquín del;

Real-time Wave Monitoring on Coastal Areas Using LPWAN-Based Embedded Systems

Abstract

© 2021 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. A new embedded system is presented for real-time wave monitoring on coastal areas using SigFox communication. SigFox is a Low-Power Wide-Area Network technology that has been rarely used in coastal marine monitoring. The system is based on the low-power TD1205P module that includes a microcontroller, an accelerometer, a GNSS receiver and a SigFox transceiver. Each hour, the module estimates the wave’s maximum height (Hmax) and mean period (Tz), determines the GPS position, and wirelessly transmits the data through the SigFox network. The procedure for wave parameter estimation is based on the zero-upcrossing method using the vertical acceleration data. It was experimentally validated by attaching the embedded system to a moored buoy and comparing Hmax and Tz with that provided by a seafloor acoustic wave and current profiler, used as a reference. Results over a period of two months show a good match for Hmax but less for Tz, which cross-correlation values at zero lag of about 0.85 and 0.5, respectively. Power tests of the embedded system were also performed resulting in a lifetime estimation of 420 days with a battery pack of 3 Ah. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the European Regional Development Fund under project TEC2016-76991-P and by the project MELOA from the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 research and Innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 776280. The first author has a grant from the Secretariat of Universities and Research of the Ministry of Business and Knowledge of the Government of Catalonia on the FI program (ref. BDNS 362582).

Keywords

Internet of things, Wave height, :Física::Acústica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Internet de les coses, :Enginyeria civil::Geologia::Oceanografia [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], :Enginyeria electrònica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Real-time data processing, Marine monitoring, Acoustic wave and current profiler (AWAC), Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Física::Acústica, Wave period, Offshore data transmission, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria civil::Geologia::Oceanografia, SigFox, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria electrònica, Temps real (Informàtica), Onades -- Mesurament, Low-power wide-area network (LPWAN)

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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