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IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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3D Transcranial Ultrasound Localization Microscopy in the Rat Brain With a Multiplexed Matrix Probe

Authors: Chavignon, Arthur; Heiles, Baptiste; Hingot, Vincent; Orset, Cyrille; Vivien, Denis; Couture, Olivier;

3D Transcranial Ultrasound Localization Microscopy in the Rat Brain With a Multiplexed Matrix Probe

Abstract

Ultrasound Localization Microscopy (ULM) provides images of the microcirculation in-depth in living tissue. However, its implementation in two-dimension is limited by the elevation projection and tedious plane-by-plane acquisition. Volumetric ULM alleviates these issues and can map the vasculature of entire organs in one acquisition with isotropic resolution. However, its optimal implementation requires many independent acquisition channels, leading to complex custom hardware.In this article, we implemented volumetric ultrasound imaging with a multiplexed 32 × 32 probe driven by a single commercial ultrasound scanner. We propose and compare three different sub-aperture multiplexing combinations for localization microscopy in silico and in vitro with a flow of microbubbles in a canal. Finally, we evaluate the approach for micro-angiography of the rat brain. The "light" combination allows a higher maximal volume rate than the "full" combination while maintaining the field of view and resolution.In the rat brain, 100,000 volumes were acquired within 7 min with a dedicated ultrasound sequence and revealed vessels down to 31 μm in diameter with flows from 4.3 mm/s to 28.4 mm/s.This work demonstrates the ability to perform a complete angiography with unprecedented resolution in the living rat's brain with a simple and light setup through the intact skull.We foresee that it might contribute to democratize 3D ULM for both preclinical and clinical studies.

Keywords

MESH: Microscopy, MESH: Rats, [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, 610, MESH: Brain, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, multiplexed probe, Brain microvascularization, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Animals, MESH: Animals, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Ultrasonography, MESH: Angiography, transcranial ultrasound imaging, Microscopy, Microbubbles, Angiography, Brain, super-resolution ultrasound, 3D ultrasound localization microscopy, [PHYS.MECA.ACOU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], Rats, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [PHYS.MECA.ACOU] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], MESH: Microbubbles, MESH: Ultrasonography

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    influence
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
49
Top 1%
Top 10%
Top 1%
Green
hybrid