Lung cancer is a major global health threat, with China experiencing a high incidence and mortality rate and a particularly low five-year survival rate. While lung cancer screening is crucial for improving early diagnosis and survival rates, it faces multiple challenges in China, including public awareness, limited medical resources, high costs, follow-up management, technical capabilities, coverage, and policy funding. The rapid development of generative pretrained transformer (GPT) technology presents new opportunities for lung cancer screening. It can enhance health education, optimize resource allocation, reduce costs, improve coverage, strengthen follow-up management, and advance technical capabilities. Furthermore, it can help improve policy and financial support while fostering collaboration among the government, medical institutions, and various sectors of society to overcome these obstacles. This collaboration would facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer, ultimately reducing the mortality rate. However, several challenges remain in the practical application of these technologies, including the need for technological innovation, policy support, and ethical considerations. Multidisciplinary cooperation is needed to overcome these challenges.