Taking into account the increased competition in the female discipline "hand-to-handcombat" today, a scientific theoretical substantiation of the long-term training of athletes inthis complexly coordinated sport is put forward in a number of urgent and timely tasks. Dueto the variety of techniques from different types of martial arts, a certain rigidity ofcompetitive fights, the training process in hand-to-hand combat has a number of features, andpreparation for specific competitive activity requires athletes to have a high level ofpsychological stability, physical fitness and technical-tactical skill.The analysis is part of a comprehensive study on the scientific and theoreticalsubstantiation of the long-term sports training of women specializing in the sport of "handto-hand fighting". Within the framework of the study, the characteristics of the organism of young athletes, the morphological and functional state, the possibilities of the cardiovascular,respiratory systems, the musculoskeletal system, physical performance were studied, as wellas the strengths and weaknesses of their physical fitness were revealed.According to the results of the study, it was stated that in the practice of women'ssports training in hand-to-hand fighting, a contradiction was formed between the public orderfor high physical conditions of athletes necessary for complex competitive activity and theinsufficient level of physical development and preparedness of girls for the upcoming specifictraining activity in the groups of initial sports training. The low efficiency of the approachesproposed by the current programs to the formation of appropriate physical fitness for furthertraining activities at the stage of sports specialization was revealed.The results obtained will form the basis for the scientific and theoretical substantiationof the content-technological approaches to the physical and special physical training of girlsat the stage of initial training in hand-to-hand combat.