The study has determined an increase of the degree of thermal carbon extraction of the molybdenum oxide concentrate from 11 % to 97 % with an increase in the processing temperature from 873 K to 1373 K, respectively. A further rise in temperature to 1473 K led to a reduction in the degree of recovery to 89 %. The recovery products after treatment at 873–1073 K mostly consisted of MoO 2 with some Mo and Mo 2 C manifestations. Treatment at 1223–1473 K provided a predominance of Mo and Mo 2 C as to the oxide component. The microstructure of the recovery products was spongy and disordered with varying degrees of sintering, depending on the processing temperature. The alloying of R6M5 steel with the new molybdenum material in experimental industrial conditions provided an increase in the Mo uptake rate from 88.9 % to 95.0 % compared with the standard technology. Improvement of environmental safety is achieved by replacing carbon monoxide and aluminothermic melting of ferroalloy production of Mo with the latest methods of powder metallurgy.