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https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.i...
Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY NC ND
Data sources: Crossref
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Verbal Aggression on Social Media: How, why and its Automatic Identification

Authors: Kumar, Ritesh;

Verbal Aggression on Social Media: How, why and its Automatic Identification

Abstract

In recent times, verbal aggression and related phenomena of hate speech, abusive language, trolling, etc. have become a major problem over social media. In this paper, I present the results of a large-scale quantitative study of aggression based on a target-based typology in a manually-annotated multilingual dataset of over 20,000 Facebook comments and tweets each written in Hindi, English or code-mixed Hindi-English. Taking insights from this study, I develop 2 different classifiers for detecting aggression in Hindi, English and Hindi-English mixed Facebook and Twitter conversations. The classifiers are developed using an annotatedcorpus of approximately 9,000 Facebook comments and 5,000 tweets. Since a phenomenon like aggression is highly subjective, the study shows a comparatively modest inter-annotator agreement of 0.72 and an overall F1 score of 0.64 for both Facebook and Twitter. Consequently, I also carried out two user studies, where humans were asked to evaluate the annotations by the classifier, to test the actual 'acceptance' of the classifier's judgments. I discuss the results of this user study and give an analysis of the overall performance of the system.

Keywords

SocArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Linguistics, Linguistics, Social and Behavioral Sciences, bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Linguistics|Computational Linguistics, Computational Linguistics, bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Linguistics|Discourse and Text Linguistics, Semantics and Pragmatics, bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Linguistics|Semantics and Pragmatics, bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences, SocArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Linguistics|Computational Linguistics, SocArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences, SocArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Linguistics|Semantics and Pragmatics, bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Linguistics, SocArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Linguistics|Discourse and Text Linguistics, Discourse and Text Linguistics

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
hybrid