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Five latent factors underlie response to immunotherapy

Authors: Joseph Usset; Axel Rosendahl Huber; Maria A. Andrianova; Eduard Batlle; Joan Carles; Edwin Cuppen; Elena Elez; +11 Authors

Five latent factors underlie response to immunotherapy

Abstract

Only a subset of patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) respond to the treatment, and distinguishing responders from non-responders is a major challenge. Many proposed biomarkers of CPI response and survival probably represent alternative measurements of the same aspects of the tumor, its microenvironment or the host. Thus, we currently ignore how many truly independent biomarkers there are. With an unbiased analysis of genomics, transcriptomics and clinical data of a cohort of patients with metastatic tumors (n = 479), we discovered five orthogonal latent factors: tumor mutation burden, T cell effective infiltration, transforming growth factor-beta activity in the microenvironment, prior treatment and tumor proliferative potential. Their association with CPI response and survival was observed across all tumor types and validated across six independent cohorts (n = 1,491). These five latent factors constitute a frame of reference to organize current and future knowledge on biomarkers of CPI response and survival.

Keywords

CHEMICALS AND DRUGS::Biological Factors::Biomarkers::Biomarkers, Tumor, Cancer therapy, Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::/farmacoterapia, COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS::factores biológicos::biomarcadores::marcadores tumorales, Immunoteràpia, Medicaments antineoplàstics - Ús terapèutic, Therapeutics, Immunotheraphy, Article, Cohort Studies, DISEASES::Neoplasms, COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS::acciones y usos químicos::acciones farmacológicas::usos terapéuticos::antineoplásicos::inmunoterapia antineoplásica, Transforming Growth Factor beta, Neoplasms, Neoplasms/immunology, CHEMICALS AND DRUGS::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Antineoplastic Agents::Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological, Genetics, Journal Article, Tumor Microenvironment, Biomarkers, Tumor, Tumor Microenvironment/immunology, Humans, ANALYTICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES, AND EQUIPMENT::Therapeutics::Biological Therapy::Immunomodulation::Immunotherapy, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS, DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS::terapéutica::terapia biológica::inmunomodulación::inmunoterapia, Other subheadings::Other subheadings::Other subheadings::/drug therapy, Biochemical markers, Terapèutica, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use, Treatment Outcome, ENFERMEDADES::neoplasias, Marcadors bioquímics, Mutation, Immunotherapy/methods, Càncer - Immunoteràpia, Immunotherapy, Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics, Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
views
OpenAIRE UsageCountsViews provided by UsageCounts
downloads
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18
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