Chikungunya fever is caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-borne emerging pathogen, which was first revealed on the borders of Mozambique and Tanzania in 1952. Currently it is stretched over 40 countries globally. It is an arthropod-born virus endemic in Africa, Southeast Asia and India. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are the mosquito vectors which spread this virus. Blood, saliva and urine are the samples for investigation. Since there is no definite treatment available, identifying ways to abolish mosquito populations is the most useful strategy to control the disease. As the virus has facility for global spread, there is need to take preventive measures as well as rapid diagnostic tests to improve identification of Chikungunya patients.