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Planta Daninha
Article . 2010
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Lixiviação e persistência dos herbicidas sulfentrazone e imazapic Leaching and persistence of sulfentrazone and imazapic

Authors: P.A. Monquero; P.V. Silva; A.C. Silva Hirata; D.C. Tablas; I. Orzari;

Lixiviação e persistência dos herbicidas sulfentrazone e imazapic Leaching and persistence of sulfentrazone and imazapic

Abstract

Em razão da escassez de informações quanto ao potencial de movimentação do sulfentrazone e imazapic em solos brasileiros, objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a lixiviação e a persistência desses herbicidas. A lixiviação de sulfentrazone (800 g ha-1) e imazapic (210 g ha-1) foi avaliada sob simulação de chuva de 40 e 80 mm, em diferentes profundidades (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 e 40 cm) e pHs de um Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico e Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico. O ensaio de persistência consistiu da aplicação dos herbicidas sulfentrazone (600 e 800 g ha-1) e imazapic (190 e 210 g ha-1) em pré-emergência, além da testemunha sem herbicidas. Foram retiradas amostras de solo para determinação da persistência aos 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 e 210 dias após a aplicação, sendo posteriormente levadas a um fitotron para crescimento do bioindicador Cucumis sativus. A lixiviação dos herbicidas foi mais pronunciada à medida que se aumentou a quantidade de chuva simulada. Para o sulfentrazone, na precipitação de 80 mm, foi constatada atividade residual até 40 cm de profundidade, sendo elevada no solo de textura média e menos pronunciada no de textura argilosa, independentemente do pH. Em relação ao imazapic na precipitação de 80 mm de chuva, houve atividade do herbicida até 40 cm de profundidade. No solo argiloso com pH 6,0 houve maior lixiviação em todas as profundidades, em relação ao mesmo solo com pH 4,7. Quanto à persistência, observou-se que o sulfentrazone e imazapic apresentaram atividade residual semelhante até 45 DAA, todavia, dos 60 aos 150 DAA, houve menor atividade do imazapic no solo; a partir deste período (150 aos 210 DAA), o sulfentrazone apresentou redução acentuada de sua atividade no solo.Considering the lack of information on sulfentrazone and imazapic leaching in Brazilian soils, this work aimed to evaluate leaching and persistence of these herbicides. Leaching of sulfentrazone (800 g a.i. ha-1) and imazapic (210 g .a.i. ha-1) was evaluated under simulated rainfall equivalent to 40 and 80 mm at different depths (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 cm) and soil pH of a Dystroferric Red Latosol and Dystrophic Red Latosol. The persistence assay consisted of sulfentrazone (600 and 800 g ha-1 ) and imazapic (190 and 210 g ha-1 ) application during weed pre-emergence, as well as a weeded check. Soil samples were collected for herbicide persistence determination at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 210 days after application and were subsequently placed in a phytotron for bioindicator Cucumis sativus growth. Herbicide leaching was more pronounced as simulated rainfall was increased. Residual activity of sulfentrazone under 80 mm rainfall simulation was verified up to 40 cm depth, being more pronounced in medium textured rather than clayey soils, independently of soil pH. In relation to imazapic under 80 mm rainfall, herbicide activity was observed up to 40 cm depth. In the clayey soil with pH 6.0, leaching was higher at all depths, compared to leaching of the same soil with pH 4.7. As for persistence, sulfentrazone and imazapic were found to present similar residual activity up to 45 DAA; however, from 60 to 150 DAA, imazapic presented lower residual activity in the soil, and after this period (150 to 210 DAA), sulfentrazone presented a marked residual reduction.

Keywords

residual effect, QH301-705.5, Botany, bioensaio, mobility, solo, soil, bioassay, QK1-989, efeito residual, Biology (General), mobilidade

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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