Arunlakshana O, Schild HO (1959) Some quantitative uses of drug antagonists. Brit J Pharmacol 14:48-58

Barlow RB, Berry KJ, Glenton PA, Nilolaou NM, Soh KS (1976) A comparison of affinity constants for muscarine-sensitive acetylcholine receptors in guinea-pig atrial pacemaker cells at 29°C and in ileum at 29°C and 37°C. Brit J Pharmacol 58:613-620

Barlow RB, Shepherd MK, Veale MA (1990) Some differential effects of 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-(2-chloroethyl)-piperidine hydrochloride on guinea-pig atria and ileum. J Pharm Pharmacol 42:412-418

Bolger GT, Gengo P, Klockowski R, Luchowski E, Siegel H, Janis RA, Triggle AM, Triggle DJ (1983) Characterization of binding of the Ca++ channel antagonist, [3H]nitrendipine, to guinea-pig ileal smooth muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 225:291-309

Bolton TB (1979) Mechanisms of action of transmitters and other substances on smooth muscle. Physiol Rev 59:606-718

Candell LM, Yun SH, Tran LL, Ehlert FJ (1990) Differential coupling of subtypes of the muscarinic receptor to adenylate cyclase and phosphoinositide hydrolysis in the longitudinal muscle of the rat ileum. Mol Pharmacol 38:689-697

Eglen RM, Hegde SS, Watson N (1996) Muscarinic receptor subtypes and smooth muscle function. Pharmacol Rev 48:531-565

Ehlert FJ (1985) The relationship between muscarinic receptor occupancy and adenylate cyclase inhibition in the rabbit myocardium. Mol Pharmacol 28:410-421

Ehlert FJ (2003) Pharmacological analysis of the contractile role of M2 and M3 muscarinic receptor in smooth muscle. Receptors Channels 9:261-277

Ehlert FJ, Griffin MT, Abe DM, Vo TH, Taketo MM, Manabe T, Matsui M (2005) The M2 muscarinic receptor mediates contraction through indirect mechanisms in mouse urinary bladder. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 313:368-378