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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Univerzitní repozitá...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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Matematické usuzování a zpracování numerických podnětů z hlediska výzkumu i psychologické praxe

Authors: Cígler Hynek; Šamajová Vendula;

Matematické usuzování a zpracování numerických podnětů z hlediska výzkumu i psychologické praxe

Abstract

Předchozí výzkumy se vesměs shodují na tom, že matematické schopnosti souvisejí s řadou aspektů lidského života: např. velikostí příjmu, zaměstnatelností, kariérním postupem či životní spokojeností. Nicméně výrazně nižší shoda panuje na tom, co to tedy matematické schopnosti jsou a jaká je jejich podstata. V našem příspěvku shrneme různé přístupy ke studiu matematických a prematematických schopností. Pokusíme se tyto schopnosti rovněž postavit vedle jiných kognitivních schopností, a to zejména z pohledu CHC teorie inteligence, a popíšeme i kognitivní procesy vedoucí ke správnému, anebo naopak specificky chybnému řešení matematických úloh. Dále představíme tzv. „kognitivní prerekvizity“ numerického a prenumerického myšlení, tedy fylogeneticky ukotvené kognitivní procesy umožňující operace s množstvím. Tyto teoretické poznatky pak vztáhneme i k jiným oblastem psychologického výzkumu: např. k mezikulturním odlišnostem, vlivu motivace a genderových stereotypů na matematický výkon. Rovněž ukážeme, že již zmíněná souvislost „matematických schopností“ s různými pozitivními aspekty života je pouze zdánlivá a skutečné kauzální příčiny zřejmě leží jinde. Závěrem pak zmíníme možnosti využití některých neurálních korelátů a kognitivních prekurzorů matematického myšlení nejen v oblasti diagnostiky dyskalkulie a představíme náš pilotní výzkum v této oblasti. Previous research showed that mathematical abilities are related to many aspects of human life as income levels, employability, career advancement, or life satisfaction. However, there is a much lower consensus on what they are. We will summarize various approaches, how to study mathematical and prematematical abilities. We will also try to locate these abilities alongside other cognitive abilities, especially from the perspective of the CHC theory of intelligence, and we will also describe the cognitive processes leading to correct or wrong solutions of mathematical problems. Furthermore, we introduce the so-called "cognitive prerequisites" of numerical and prenumerical thinking, ie cognitive processes enabling operations with quantities. We then relate these theoretical findings to other areas of psychological research: intercultural differences, the influence of motivation and gender stereotypes on mathematical performance. We will also show that the this link between “mathematical abilities” and the various positive aspects of life is rather false and the real causal causes seem to be different. Finally, we will mention the possibilities of using some neural correlates and cognitive precursors of mathematical thinking not only in the field of diagnosis of dyscalculia and we will present our pilot research in this area.

Country
Czech Republic
Related Organizations
Keywords

approximate number system; object tracking system; mathematical anxiety; mathematical education

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  • citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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