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The inclusion of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in child education: teacher training, public policies and pedagogical practices

Authors: Soares, Rosângela Teles Carminati;

The inclusion of students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in child education: teacher training, public policies and pedagogical practices

Abstract

A Educação Infantil é a primeira etapa da Educação Básica, por isso, a inclusão nesse período é fundamental para que a criança se integre ao ambiente escolar e cumpra sua finalidade de se desenvolver de forma integral nos aspectos físico, psicológico e social. Neste contexto, a formação do professor é de extrema relevância. Entende-se que é preciso dar voz aos sujeitos que estão envolvidos no processo de inclusão. Assim, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo apresentar, na visão dos professores, qual a percepção desses profissionais de Educação Infantil no que se refere à sua formação inicial e continuada para a inclusão escolar do aluno com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Para tanto, utilizou-se, em especial, dos escritos de Paulo Freire para as discussões referente à formação de professores e de Lev Semenovich Vygotsky como fundamento do processo ensino aprendizagem. A pesquisa foi de natureza qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, por meio de análise de conteúdo. Participaram do estudo vinte professores que atuaram com alunos com TEA, em 2019, em cinco instituições de ensino da rede municipal de Educação Infantil de região de fronteiriça. Para isso, utilizou-se a técnica de entrevista individual, semiestruturada, com quinze questões norteadoras. Conclui-se que a formação de professores é essencial para as práticas pedagógicas inclusivas dos professores, pois a criança aprende e se desenvolve a partir da qualidade das mediações que recebe, embora outros fatores precisem ser levados em consideração, como a preparação do ambiente escolar, suporte e recursos necessários para os professores e alunos, entre outros. Todavia, para isso, é necessário o investimento do setor público com políticas públicas voltadas para a educação para todos.

Early Childhood Education is the first stage of Basic Education, therefore inclusion in this period is essential for the child to integrate into the school environment and fulfill its purpose of developing in an integral way in the physical, psychological and social aspects. In this context, teacher training is extremely important. It is understood that it is necessary to give voice to the subjects who are involved in the inclusion process. Thus, this research aims to present, in the teacher’s view, the perception of these early childhood education professionals with regard to their initial and continuing education for the school inclusion of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In particular, Paulo Freire's writings are used for discussions on teacher education and Lev Semenovich Vygotsky as the basis of the teaching learning process. The research was qualitative, descriptive and exploratory, through content analysis. Twenty teachers who worked with students with ASD participated in the research, in 2019, from five different teaching institutions of the municipal Early Childhood Education network border region. To reach this our goal, the technique of individual, semi-structured interview was used, with fifteen guiding questions. We have concluded that teacher training is essential for the inclusive pedagogical practices of teachers, as the child learns and develops from the quality of the mediations the child receives, although other factors need to be taken into account, such as the preparation of the school environment, necessary support and resources for teachers and students, among others. However, in order to achieve this objective, public sector investment with public policies aimed at education for all is necessary.

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Submitted by Katia Abreu (katia.abreu@unioeste.br) on 2022-09-06T16:40:44Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Rosangela_Teles_Carminati_Soares_2022.pdf: 1269705 bytes, checksum: 691ef910f7d82f041bdbcbe197038a29 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)

Keywords

Formação inicial e continuada, Initial and continuing training, Special education, Mediação, EDUCACAO::ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM, Mediation, Educação especial

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average