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Nickel Oxide (NiO) have widely applied in industrial and automotive to forming oxide layer on the substrate due to it have high thermal stability and corrosion resistant. However, NiO was not directly diffused to the substrate via co-precipitation, spray-pyrolysis and sol-gel methods. Therefore, NiO-electroplating was performed in coating FeCrAl substrate by γ-Al2O3 powder. This method was conducted using various time of 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 minutes, a current of DC power supply is 1.28A and sulphamate type solution. From the data shows that smallest surface roughness (Ra) of NiO-electroplating (EL) samples located at EL 30 min sample for 0.69 µm. Ra of raw material was lower than coated samples due to it performed by coating activity on the substrate. It supported by coating thickness analysis that treated samples has a higher coating thickness up to 11.3 µm. EDS analysis observed some elements on coated and uncoated samples such as Carbon (C) of 4.62-20.67%, Oxygen (O) of 6.16-19.62%, Nickel (Ni) of 6.76-25.14%, Iron (Fe) of 23.96-48.53%, Sodium (Na) of 2.21-9.95%, Chromium (Cr) of 7.97-15.59% and Aluminum (Al) of 2.17-3.12%. Those elements promote to develop a protective oxide layer on FeCrAl at a high temperature of 1000 0C.

ABSTRACT Seagrass beds are one of the ecosystems that support a variety of life in the sea. Various types of biota live around seagrass beds, one of which is Echinodermata. Echinodermata has a role as a detritus eater in seagrass plants. The association of Echinodermata and seagrass species can be used to see the suitability of a habitat for the existence of species that live in seagrass ecosystems. The purpose of this study was to determine the associations of Echinoderms and Seagrasses on Ra'as Island, Brakas Village, Telangoh Tengah Hamlet, Sumenep Regency, East Java. This research was conducted in November-December 2018. The method used is the quadratic method placed on the transect line with the size of each quadrant of 1x1 m. The association of Echinodermata and Seagrass relationships between Echinoderms and Seagrasses was analyzed by simple linear regression. The results showed that there were 4 species of Echinoderms and 3 species of seagrass. Diversity, uniformity and dominance of Echinoderms at each is low. The association of Echinoderms and Seagrasses showed that seagrass results and Echinodermata did not have a significant relationship. The influencing factor is that most Echinoderms found are Echinoderms, which occupy coral reef ecosystems such as Diadema sitosum, which is most often found at each station. Keywords: Seagrass, Community Structure, Relationship to Seagrasses and Echinoderms, Ra'as Island ABSTRAK Padang lamun adalah salah satu ekosistem yang menyangga berbagai kehidupan di laut. Berbagai macam biota hidup disekitar padang lamun salah satunya adalah Echinodermata. Echinodermata memiliki peranan sebagai pemakan detritus pada tumbuhan lamun. Asosiasi spesies Echinodermata dan lamun dapat digunakan untuk melihat tingkat kesesuaian suatu habitat bagi keberadaan spesies yang hidup pada ekosistem padang lamun. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui asosiasi Echinodermata dan lamun di Pulau Ra’as, Desa Brakas, Dusun Telangoh Tengah, Kabupaten Sumenep, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November-Desember 2018. Metode yang digunakan metode kuadrat yang diletakkan pada garis transek dengan ukuran tiap kuadran 1x1 m. Asosiasi Echinodermata dan lamun hubungan Echinodermata dan lamun dianalisis dengan regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 4 spesies Echinodermata dan 3 spesies lamun. Keanekaragaman, keseragaman, dan dominasi Echinodermata pada setiap stasiun adalah rendah. Asosiasi Echinodermata dan lamun menunjukkan hasil tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan. Faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah kebanyakan Echinodermata yang di temukan adalah Echinodermata yang menempati ekosistem terumbu karang seperti Diadema sitosum yang paling sering ditemukan pada setiap stasiun. Kata Kunci : Lamun, Struktur Komunitas, Hubungan Lamun dan Echinodermata, Pulau Ra’as

Drugs are often associated with intoxicants. In the context of fiqih drugs usually dikiaskan to prohibition of wine. However, in line with the development of contemporary medical science, the works of the new fiqh also mention and emphasize that the effects of damage also have its own influence in relation to drug law. This study aims to explore and analyze the trends of contemporary jurisprudence works in explaining their backs in relating the status of Sharia law values to drug abuse. This study uses qualitative methods. The data obtained from these works were analyzed and made comparisons. A number of 10 contemporary works that discuss drug law and the reasons for its prohibition have been used in this study. The study concluded that the works agreed that drug abuse is haram according to the Shari'a. All activities related to drug abuse such as planting, processing, owning, buying or selling permits used to cooperate with its misuse are haram. Likewise, in terms of its proofing proposition, all works tend to see it is based on the kias to the wine based on the argument that drugs are potentially intoxicating. The works only mention the destructive aspect without emphasizing it as an important basis for the prohibition of drug abuse. This is certainly not in accordance with the reality of the threat of drugs that not only grab the function of the intellect alone, even damaging the five-five main objectives of Islamic law, namely religion, life, intellect, descent and wealth. Hence the affirmation of the restrictive section needs to be emphasized in an effort to ensure fair drug abuse is prevented and handled more seriously in order to ensure the well-being of the ummah is maintained.

Alat pendeteksi banjir nirkabel berbasis GSM telah dirancang dengan menggunakan sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04. Alat ini bekerja berdasarkan tinggi permukaan air yang tergenang di jalan raya, dirancang untuk mengatasi pengaruh banjir terhadap pengendara yang akan melewati jalan. Alat terdiri dari sensor ultrasonik yang diletakkan pada ketinggian 150 cm pada tiang jalan raya, ketika ketinggian air mencapai 40 cm, maka Arduino Uno sebagai pengolah data dengan menggunakan bahasa C akan mengontrol program SIM800L untuk mengirim SMS sebanyak satu kali dengan rata-rata waktu pengiriman selama 12:06 s sampai ke nomor yang telah di daftarkan. Setelah mengirim SMS yang berisi link lokasi terjadinya banjir, SIM800L akan memberikan peringatan bahwasanya ada SMS masuk dengan cara me-misscall nomor yang telah didaftarkan sebanyak dua kali, link tersebut dapat diakses dan kemudian dapat dilihat dimana lokasi banjir terjadi. Kata kunci : GSM, sensor Ultrasonik HC-SR04, Arduino Uno, Bahasa C, SMS, link, misscall.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mutu protein dendeng ikan hiu (Chiloscyllium sp.) yang dikeringkan dengan menggunakan tiga jenis metode pengeringan yang berbeda, yaitu pengeringan dengan sinar matahari, oven udara panas (60°C) dan oven vakum (60°C). Sebelum dikeringkan, irisan daging ikan (ukuran 4 cm x 12 cm x 3 mm) direndam dalam larutan bumbu dan dikeringkan sehingga kandungan airnya berkisar antara 23-25%. Analisis dilakukan terhadap kandungan asam amino bahan baku dan dendeng hiu, dan nilai asam amino digunakan untuk menghitung skor kimia, skor asam amino, dan indeks asam amino. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada daging ikan hiu segar, skor kimia, skor asam amino, dan indeks asam amino esensial lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan dendeng ikan hiu dengan berbagai cara pengeringan. Secara umum, pengeringan menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan mutu protein dendeng ikan hiu. Skor kimia, skor asam amino, dan indeks asam amino esensial daging ikan hiu segar berturut-turut adalah 65,93; 100,49; dan 89,13; pengeringan oven 56,48; 82,59; dan 75,86; pengeringan sinar matahari 51,15; 61,55; dan 79,43; dan pengeringan oven vakum 51,86; 62,41; dan 72,44. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dendeng ikan hiu dengan pengeringan oven udara panas memiliki nilai skor kimia dan skor asam amino lebih tinggi, sedangkan dendeng dengan pengeringan sinar matahari memiliki indeks asam amino esensial lebih tinggi dari sampel lain

ABSTRACTIncreased sea surface temperatures due to global warming that occurred from the early to mid 2016 caused of coral bleaching in several locations in TWP Gili Matra. Observations of coral bleaching obtained from coral colonies compotition affected by bleaching (50%), white (18%), death (1%) and was not affected (31%). These implications resulting decline in coral cover but not significant (F (1,013) = 0.333, p > 0.05) from 23,43% ± 2,61 SE in 2012 to 18,48% ± 4,14 SE in 2016 and a significant decrease (P (58,06) = 3,8e-06) recruitment of coral (coral Juvenil) from 6,66 ind.m-1 ± 1,04 SE in 2012 to 1,41 ind.m-1 ± 0,16 SE in 2016. the other impact is a significant reduction (P(20.84) = 0,00053, p <0,001) the abundance of reef fish from 28.733,26 ind.ha-1 ± 3.757,89 SE in 2012 to 11.431,18 ind.ha-1 ± 702,53 SE in 2016 and a decline in the biomass of reef fish but not significant (F (0,58) = 0,46, P> 0.05) from 506,56 kg.ha-1 ± 99,05 SE in 2012 to 438,41 kg.ha-1 ± 45,69 SE in 2016. The decline of coral recruitment resulted in the recovery of the affected areas bleaching becomes slow because of the juvenile new coral mostly dead. The second impact of bleaching is an abundance of fish decrease, indicating that is available only fish big size (adult) and very less of small fishes, including juvenile. Keywords: global warming, coral bleaching, coral cover, reef fishes

Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is a prospective approach in modeling weather parameters based on learning from historical data used. This study presented the comparison of tropospheric precipitable water vapor (PWV) between ANFIS and Global Positioning System (GPS) for areas in Pekan, Pahang, Malaysia. The PWV value was estimated with the ANFIS model with the surface meteorological data as inputs. The accuracy of PWV from ANFIS has been validated with PWV from GPS measurements for the period of 2010. The result showed that the ANFIS PWV has a similar trend with the GPS PWV (r = 0.999 at the 99% confidence level) and found a difference of 0.024%. The PWV from ANFIS was calculated 0.035% higher compared to GPS PWV and found a similar character in two seasonal monsoons. This indicates that the PWV obtained with ANFIS model agreed very well with GPS measurements and it can be implemented to monitor atmospheric variability as well as climate change studies in the absence of GPS data

Many people expect a good, healthy, prosperous life, do not experience suffering. People who have a prosperous, healthy life, without suffering are usually identified with people who are obedient and fear God, where the concept of fearing God gets blessings and does not get curses, suffering, or other bad things that are often referred to as the principle of retaliation. This principle of retaliation is a common and believed principle from time to time. In wisdom literature, the principle of retaliation is one of the points that need attention. But in fact there are many who are pious, fearing God, whether they experience suffering that is not appropriate. This research approach is qualitative using a theological approach that can be used to understand the gaps that occur, collect data from various literary sources that can be used to collect the material needed, such as books in libraries, Junarl, the web, electronic mass media, etc. . the concept of the principle of retribution cannot be established in general terms and can be stated inaccurately if it is addressed to righteous people, pious people, good people, and suffering children, because the theory stated by the facts that occurs is incompatible and very contradictory.

Indonesia, as the country with the world’s largest Muslim population, has issued a regulation on halal product assurance (UU JPH) Act No. 33/2014. Furthermore, the consumers’ care on the halal food is another significant element in the implementation of this regulation. This study concerns on how the students of Islamic Senior High School (MA) in Surakarta care on the halal food products. This is a quantitative study in which data were collected using questioners. There are 430 selected students participated in this study. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis by counting the mean score and classified into four categories namely; do not care, less care, quite care, and care. Findings of this research showed that most students are “quite care” for halal product, but they mostly did not ask to the merchants whether the product they bought to have “haram” ingredients or not. Moreover, the majority of students sometimes checked the halal label on the product, while others did not check them at all. Overall, the students’ care level toward halal product is categorized as at the “quite care”. This result indicated that it needs more concern from the related stakeholders on how the students can be more attentive toward halal food products.

[English]: This study examined the effect of Problem-based Learning (PBL) on students' creative mathematical thinking in Indonesia during the last eight years using meta-analysis. Data were obtained from primary studies published in national journals, conference proceedings, and master thesis from 2012 to 2020. This study analyzed 19 effect sizes from 19 primary studies that fulfill the inclusion criteria. The effect size index used the Hedges' g equation and statistical analysis was assisted by comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software. The effect size variation test was conducted by analyzing the study's five characteristics, namely the year of study, level of education, sample size, length of treatment, and publication sources. Based on the analysis results, the overall effect size was 0.821, with a standard error of 0.130 at the 95% confidence interval (CI) referring to the random-effects model. The effect size is classified as moderate, meaning that PBL has a moderately positive effect on students' creative mathematical thinking. The results of the analysis of the characteristics of the study show that the application of PBL to improve students' mathematical creative thinking relates to the research year (Q = 55.683; p <0.05), the treatment duration (Q = 5.644; p <0.05), and publication sources (Q = 13.812; p <0.05). It was found that the PBL was more effective in conditions of treatment duration of fewer than four meetings. There is a tendency that PBL has a significant impact when it is first implemented. The findings' implications are discussed to provide important information as a basic idea for further PBL research and implementation. Keywords: Problem-based learning, Creative thinking, Meta-analysis [Bahasa]: Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh problem-based learning (PBL) terhadap berpikir kreatif matematis siswa di Indonesia selama delapan tahun terakhir melalui meta-analisis. Data diperoleh dari studi primer yang telah dipublikasikan di jurnal nasional, prosiding konferensi, dan tesis master tahun 2012-2020. Penelitian ini menganalisis 19 ukuran efek dari 19 studi primer yang memenuhi kriteria penyertaan. Indeks ukuran efek menggunakan persamaan Hedges' g dan analisis statistik dibantu oleh perangkat lunak comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA). Pengujian variasi ukuran efek dilakukan dengan menganalisis lima karakteristik penelitian yaitu tahun studi, tingkat pendidikan, ukuran sampel, lama perawatan, dan sumber publikasi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, ukuran efek keseluruhan adalah 0,821, dengan kesalahan standar 0,130 pada interval kepercayaan 95% (CI) menurut model efek acak. Ukuran efek tergolong sedang, artinya penggunaan PBL berpengaruh positif sedang terhadap berpikir kreatif matematis siswa. Hasil analisis karakteristik penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan PBL untuk meningkatkan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa berkaitan dengan tahun penelitian (Q = 55,683; p <0,05), durasi perlakuan (Q = 5,644; p <0,05) , dan sumber publikasi (Q = 13.812; p <0.05). Ditemukan bahwa PBL lebih efektif pada kondisi durasi perlakuan kurang dari 4 pertemuan. Terdapat kecenderungan bahwa PBL berdampak besar saat pertama kali diterapkan. Implikasi hasil penelitian dibahas untuk memberikan informasi penting sebagai ide dasar untuk penelitian dan implementasi PBL selanjutnya. Kata kunci: Problem-based learning, Berpikir kreatif, Meta-analysis