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Inquiry-Based Science Education (IBSE) is presented as derived from a scientific approach where students are invited to work in the way scientists work. Studying the proximity between IBSE and scientific approach can be done through different perspectives; the focus here is on the scientific approach. The goal of this case study consists in exploring the ways in which scientists perform their research by interviewing 8 French physicists volunteers to participate in the study. This preliminary research is the first step to analyze the contemporary physicists’ through research practices, and then to enrich and question IBSE in a different way. The interviews are analyzed in terms of moments, specifically a moment called “to explore/to experiment” with the ck¢ (conception, knowing, concept)framework allowing to model the conceptions of researchers. The results only show two common operators (R) related to the moment “to explore/ to experiment” concerning the research processes of the 8 physicists. However, zero control structures (∑) are common to any of them.

International audience; This study aims to examine the effect of e-scaffolding in blended learning on pre-service teachers' scientific explanation abilities as well as to find out the patterns of scientific explanation of pre-service teachers who learn by e-scaffolding in blended learning. This study employed mixed-method with concurrent embedded design. Quasi-experimental research design in the form of a one-group pretest-posttest control group design was used as a quantitative approach, whereas the learning process and scientific explanation patterns were described in a qualitative approach. The population of this study was 152 elementary school pre-service teachers of a state university at Malang, while the sample was 24 elementary school pre-service teachers in the seventh semester. The sample selection technique in the study was purposive sampling. The instrument used for measuring scientific explanation abilities was problem descriptions. The quantitative data were analyzed using the t-test, while qualitative data were analyzed using descriptive method. The finding of the study indicated that pre-service teachers' scientific explanation improved after learning with e-scaffolding in blended learning. The pre-service teachers were able to explain the relationship between theory and problems very well. The recommendation for future research, it is crucial to investigate the characterization of scientific explanation.

The trend ing topic in today's education is computational thinking skills which are used to help to solve complicated problems easier . This study aim s to identify the level of knowledge and self-confidence of science teacher candidates ( physics and biology ) on computational thinking skills. The survey research design was used through a mixed-method approach by combining quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative stud y involve d 1016 randomly selected group s of science teachers while in the qualitative study, eight science teachers were chosen based on the scores obtained from the quantitative stud y . The questionnaire was used as a quantitative data collecting technique to analyze descriptive statistics. Then, an interview was used as the qualitative data collecting technique and was analyzed through theme creation. The findings show that science teacher candidates have a high level of knowledge and self-confidence. The implication of this study is very important for t eacher candidates because computational thinking can help to facilitate problems solving in everyday life. Teacher candidates need to be given knowledge and understanding of computational thinking skills, to have readiness and self-confidence in facing the challenges of the learning in the 21 st - century

The purposes of this research were to estimate the crystallite size, density, and chemical composition of the ingot Ti: Al2O3 crystal grown by the Czochralski method. The crystallite size and composition of Ti: Al2O3 crystals had been determined using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDXS). Based on the Archimedes principle, the density of the crystals had been determined. The XRD patterns showed a single central peak with high intensity for all samples. It indicated that all samples had a single crystal. The average value of the samples' crystallite size was in the range of 20.798 nm to 34.294 nm. The ingot crystal density and Ti composition increased from the top to the bottom part because the solid solution was distributed unevenly during the growth process.

The purposes of the research were to know the difference between the student cognitive achievement who learned using PjBL and Discovery Learning models, between the student who had the high and low analyzing ability, and their interaction. The research population included the seventh-grade students in one of the Islamic state schools in Surakarta. The research subjects were students with different knowledge capabilities from low to high levels. The method has been implemented was experimental research. A two-way Anava test was chosen for the technique of analyzing data in this research. In collecting data, the multiple-choice test was used based on aspects of analytical abilities, namely mental flexibility, verbal reasoning and reading comprehension, scientific and mechanical reasoning. The result showed that there is the effect of the application of PjBL and Discovery learning model on cognitive achievement with the significance value 0,05, there is the effect between high and low analyzing ability on cognitive achievement with the significance value 0,05 and there was no interaction between learning model and analyzing ability on cognitive achievement with the significance value 0,05. This study implies that the PjBL model and discovery have a significant impact on student learning outcomes so that they can be used for other science subjects by paying attention to the internal factors of students that will be used as a review

The purpose of a learning media is to become a learning device to facilitate the teaching and learning process in class. The learning process would be more efficient, and it would help students concentrate better. This research aims to develop an android-based learning media application so teachers and students can use it in the teaching and learning process. This research uses the RD (Research and Development) method. This research uses ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluating) development model which results in a product, which is a valid learning media that can be implemented according to validator assessment that was done in the product trial test in Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. It can be concluded that this media belongs in the good category based on assessment from media and material specialists validator, 85,7% average percentage is obtained and belongs to the valid category, so android-based physics media integrated with landslide disaster education is feasible to be used in physics learning. This media is made with an interesting and interactive interface so students can have a better understanding of physics learning integrated with landslide disaster education as well as disaster preparedness.

This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of tsunami understanding media through Android-based physics mobile learning in improving students' problem-solving skills and natural disaster preparedness. This study employed quasi-experiment research with a non-equivalent control group design. This research subjects were fifty-six students of class XI IPA at SMA N 1 Kretek, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The sampling technique employed in this research was the simple random sampling technique to determine the experimental and control groups. The research data had been obtained through pretest and posttest in the form of essay tests. The data obtained were then analyzed using N-gain. The analysis results were used to determine the effectiveness of the media using the Hotelling's Trace test in MANOVA test analysis. Normally distributed and homogeneous data are required to perform the multivariate analysis. The results showed that the tsunami understanding media through Android-based physics mobile learning improved students' problem-solving skills and natural disaster preparedness compared to the learning using PowerPoint presentation. The research decisions were based on the significant value that was smaller than 0.05 (0.0000.05), and the value of the Partial Eta Squared was 0.359 in the broad category.

This research aimed to understand the critical thinking ability improvement and preparedness assisted by Android-based media to understand landslides through physics learning and understand the effectiveness of the media. This research provides knowledge about disaster preparedness through physics learning in landslide-prone schools using Android media. This research used quasi-experimental with Control Group Design. The research subjects included tenth-grade students in class X (30 people) at SMA N 1 Kokap. The samples were selected using the lottery method and saturated sampling technique to determine the control and experiment groups (quasi-experimental with Control Group Design). The pretest and posttest were in the form of essay questions. The analysis data used independent sample T-test and effect size. The results show that the average critical thinking ability of the experimental class increased from 18.13 to 65.00, and the average preparedness increased from 68.75 to 81.88. The results of the independent sample t-test show the value of Sig. (2-tailed) on critical thinking ability was 0.000 and preparedness was 0.027 (Sig. (2-tailed) 0.05). Thus, it can be concluded that there are significant differences in critical thinking ability and disaster preparedness in the experimental class and the control class. The effect size of using an Android-based understanding of landslide natural disasters on students' critical thinking ability and preparedness is 2.0 with high effectiveness. Media landslides and landslides through Android-based physics learning can improve students’ critical thinking ability and disaster preparedness.