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Part 4: Enterprise Architecture; International audience; An executable model plays an important role on verifying the behavior and performance of an architecture. This paper summarizes the state of the art on the synthesis methods of the executable model for an architecture that is compliant with the Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DoDAF). To overcome the deficiencies of current executable modeling studies, a component data-focused method is proposed. Following the introduction of an executable modeling language named OPDL, the data elements of DoDAF Meta-model (DM2) required for building executable model is analyzed. The mapping relations between partial DM2 and OPDL elements are built. Finally, a process to create executable model is explained in detail.

International audience; Orchestras of Digital Musical Instruments (DMIs) enable new musical collaboration possibilities, extending those of acoustic and electric orchestras. However the creation and development of these orchestras remain constrained. In fact, each new musical collaboration system or orchestra piece relies on a fixed number of musicians, a fixed set of instruments (often only one), and a fixed subset of possible modes of collaboration. In this paper, we describe a unified framework that enables the design of Digital Orchestras with potentially different DMIs and an expand-able set of collaboration modes. It relies on research done on analysis and classification of traditional and digital orchestras, on research in Collaborative Virtual Environments, and on interviews of musicians and composers. The BOEUF framework consists of a classification of modes of collaboration and a set of components for modelling digital orchestras. Integrating this framework into DMIs will enable advanced musical collaboration modes to be used in any digital orchestra, including spontaneous jam sessions.

Land use intensification is widely considered to be an essential strategy for achieving global goals to eliminate poverty and to avoid damaging losses of ecosystem services. This chapter investigates whether current land use intensification activities are achieving these twin goals. To do so, it reviews a body of academic literature that reports on case studies in which both social and ecological outcomes of intensification are reported. There are two main findings. First, there are relatively few cases in which land use intensification is clearly succeeding in these twinned objectives. There are many more cases in which, for example, short-term income or productivity gains from land use intensification are resulting in long-term diminution of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Studies with longer-term perspectives are already seeing how such trade-offs are leading to negative feedbacks for human wellbeing, especially for marginalised social groups. Secondly, we learn most from those studies that a) go beyond measuring production and income to measure multiple dimensions of wellbeing and ecosystem services, b) monitor dynamics of outcomes across longer time periods and across landscapes and c) disaggregate outcome measures to identify outcomes for different social groups.

Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited. This article has been made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund. Information Systems (IS) has developed through adapting, generating and applying diverse methodologies, methods, and techniques from reference disciplines. Further, Action Design Research (ADR) has recently developed as a broad research method that focuses on designing and redesigning IT and IS in organizational contexts. This paper reflects on applying ADR in a complex organizational context in a developing country. It shows that ADR requires additional lens for designing IS in such a complex organizational context. Through conducting ADR, it is seen that an ethnographic framework has potential complementarities for understanding complex contexts thereby enhancing the ADR processes. This paper argues that conducting ADR with an ethnographic approach enhances design of IS and organizational contexts. Finally, this paper aims presents a broader methodological framework, Action Design Ethnographic Research (ADER), for designing artefacts as well as IS. This is illustrated through the case of a land records updating service in Bangladesh.

International audience; The relative efficiency of auctions and negotiations is still a puzzle in the literature. While auctions are the prescribed procedures and the most used ones for public procurement, in the private sector, where buyers are free to choose their purchasing method, competitive tendering is far from being their preferred option (Bajari et al. 2009). In addition, recent empirical studies (Estache et al. 2009, Bajari et al. 2009) highlight some failures of auction procedures and identify conditions under which negotiation is more efficient. In particular, they show that auctions perform poorly when projects are complex. In this paper, our aim is to contribute to this debate by providing an empirical analysis of how awarding mechanisms are chosen in public procurement in France. To this end, we examine a comprehensive database of 76,188 observations corresponding to the entire set of public procurement work contracts awarded between 2005 and 2007 in the construction sector. We find empirical regularities regarding the choice of awarding procedures by public buyers. However, most of these regularities do not coincide with what the theoretical literature considers as transaction-cost minimizing behaviours. In particular, the size of the construction projects as well as the length of contracts do not appear as key determinants of the choice of awarding procedures, which translates into costly renegotiations.

We present the API for MUSICNTWRK, a python library for pitch class set and rhythmic sequences classification and manipulation, the generation of networks in generalized music and sound spaces, deep learning algorithms for timbre recognition, and the sonification of arbitrary data. The software is freely available under GPL 3.0 and can be downloaded at www.musicntwrk.com or installed as a PyPi project (pip install musicntwrk).

International audience; Over the long run, sustained growth is central to poverty reduction. The rapid growth seen in much of the world over the past few decades — notably, but not only, in China and India — has led to an unprecedented reduction in poverty. And, in general, increases in per capita income tend to translate into proportionate increases in income of the poor. As Dollar and Kraay (2002) memorably put it, “Growth Is Good for the Poor.” All the more reason, then, to place sustainability of growth at the center of any poverty reduction strategy.

Part 2: Services and Interoperability; International audience; This paper aims to identify the need for Public Sector Information Systems (PSIS), a particular field of the IS discipline dealing with the design, redesign and evaluation of E-services in public sector organizations. A longitudinal and empirical study of an E-service project in a public sector organization in Bangladesh reveals that without addressing underlying organizational problems, taking account into organization contexts, statutes and practices and considering the organizational reality and users’ capability; it is difficult to implement E-services in public sector organizations. This paper argues that a particular information system (public sector information systems (PSIS)) has the potential to lead to better design and implementation of successful E-services in public sector organizations.

In this research, we investigated the environmental as well as social impacts of the regeneration of urban riverbanks and waterfronts, localities previously occupied by port-industrial activities established during the twentieth century or earlier, but more recently abandoned and occupied by informal housing and wasteland or brownfield land. The urban plans and strategies of metropolises as well as of medium-sized cities have become increasingly underpinned by the “paradigm of attractiveness,” in a context of globalization and competition between cities at an international scale. In order to become more attractive for investment, mainly foreign direct investment, cities need to improve their image and their international ranking. The recycling of the abandoned wasteland in these areas has become a policy priority. Under the banner of sustainable development, strategic plans in many cities throughout the world have thus promoted flagship projects for the regeneration of these waterfront areas, incorporating new environmental amenities.

International audience; This introductory chapter discusses the challenge of fostering sustainable development in Asia, where the economic, social and environmental contingencies are changing rapidly and concerns over, inter alia, climate change, environmental degradation, population growth and social deprivation provide for a complex terrain for decision-making. A number of perspectives that have been used in the extant literature to explain the specific societal role of business organisations in this region are critically reviewed and an emphasis is placed on their general lack of depth and contextualisation. This leads to the observation that this volume represents a timely contribution to our understanding of an understudied phenomenon: corporate sustainability-oriented practices in Asia. The book develops a collection of illustrative company cases that help us to clarify some conceptual and practical issues that surface the societal role of multinational companies in the Asian context. We hereby join a growing movement of research that seeks to unveil the conditions giving rise to a better and more context-sensitive way of integrating concerns for social and environmental impacts into corporate management decisions.