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This work describes a study of the gamma rays and beta particles emitted during the decay of the 33-second fission product Krypton-90. Procedures for the analysis of gamma, gamma-gamma coincidence, beta and beta-gamma coincidence experiments are discussed. The application of these analyses to the short-lived Krypton-90 activity yields the prominent features of this decay. The total energy release of this decay was found to be 4.56 ± 0.02MeV, in agreement with beta systematics. A level scheme for the daughter, Rubidium-90, is proposed. Thesis Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

A previous study (Davies and Hay, 1978) described a method of calculating hourly and daily values of global solar radiation for cloudless and cloudy sky conditions. This scheme, requiring only upper air data from daily radiosonde ascents, and hourly surface weather observations, has been used successfully at a number of mid latitude sites (Davies et al., 1975; Suckling and Hay, 1976). In this investigation the extension of this method for use in an Arctic environment is presented. Solar radiation received at the earth's surface is the sum of direct and diffuse components. The flux in cloudless conditions is calculated as the residual after attenuation of solar irradiance by water vapour, ozone, Rayleigh scattering and aerosol. Cloudless sky values are then adjusted for cloud effects, using a cloud layer method similar to that used by Davies et al. in Southern Ontario, Canada. The computed values are compared with values measured at Resolute, N.W.T., Canada. Under cloudless sky conditions hourly and daily calculated values agree well with ·measurements. For days of cloud amount less than 4/10, model overestimates are observed. As cloud amounts increase varying degrees of model underestimation of measured values occur. This is linked with observer inability to adequately specify cloud amount, and the variation of cloud type transmission characteristics for Arctic areas. Thesis Bachelor of Arts (BA)

This thesis presents an investigation of the electron-voltaic effect using epitaxial P-N junctions. The effect is manifested in the direct energy conversion of beta particles emitted from a radioisotope promethium^147 source by single and multi-junction devices. The purpose of the investigation is to determine the power outputs of the devices which may be combined in series and parallel combinations in the construction of an atomic battery with a small size and long lifetime (approximately 5 -10 years). Thesis Master of Science (MSc)

We present a new two-level rolling horizon optimization framework applied to a zero-emissions coal-fueled solid-oxide fuel cell power plant with compressed air energy storage for peaking applications. Simulations are performed where the scaled hourly demand for the year 2014 from the Ontario, Canada market is met as closely as possible. It was found that the proposed two-level strategy, by slowly adjusting the SOFC stack power upstream of the storage section, can improve load-following performance by 86% compared to the single-level optimization method proposed previously. A performance analysis indicates that the proposed approach uses the available storage volume to almost its maximum potential, with little improvement possible without changing the system itself. Further improvement to load-following is possible by increasing storage volumes, but with diminishing returns. Using an economically-focused objective function can improve annual revenue generation by as much as 6.5%, but not without a significant drop-off in load-following performance. Ontario Research Fund, NSERC Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship Program, Canada-Brazil Science Without Borders Program

The prime objective is to define and characterize the various coastal environments in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. The research, Hhich utilizes both secondary source information and actual field observations, takes into account coastal morphology, beach profile, sediment types, sea ice conditions, tidal range, depth of the frost table and wave energy. From a total of twelve coastal divisions based on the criteria of coastal morphology, tidal conditions and length of open water season, five have been chosen as t he basic coastal environ ments of the Arctic Archipelago. They are as follows: the Arctic Coastal Plain, the Ice Shelf, the Fiord environment, the High Straight coastal environment, and the Ridge and Valley coastal environment. Field observations within the last three environments provided additional evidence for the divisions and observations on the beach and nearshore characteristics at five selected locations. Thesis Master of Science (MSc)

An assessment of what is known about problems related to health system sustainability in Ontario, options for addressing these problems, and key implementation considerations. The citizen brief was an input to a citizen panel on the topic of addressing health system sustainability in Ontario. Ontario Medical Association

Today' s commercial proton exchange membranes for fuel cell applications use a liquid electrolyte such as water to facilitate the conduction process. The vapour pressure of water limits the operating temperature of a fuel cell, resulting in a decrease in efficiency as the electrolyte evaporates. Anhydrous electrolytes such as acidified polybenzimidazole or poly(vinyl-4-imidazole) are able to transport ions without using water as an electrolyte. The mechanism of ion transport involves the structural diffusion of the ions through the solid-state lattice. Compounds modeling the basic modes of the ionic conductivity are used in the solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) investigation. The hydrogen-bonding structures of model compounds are established using diffraction paired with 1H solid-state double quantum NMR. The structural studies of the compounds reveal a continuous network of hydrogen bonded molecules. The structural motif is based on strong N-H••O and 0-H••O hydrogen bonds between the ions of the material. The dynamics of the hydrogen bonds observed in the 1H NMR and the multinuclear studies using the CODEX (Centerband Only Detection of EXchange) pulse sequence define the mechanism of ionic conductivity in these model compounds. These solid-state NMR techniques are then applied to a novel electrolyte material consisting of a solid electrolyte inside the pores of a host polymer material. This new material is able to transport protons at high temperatures without the use of an aqueous electrolyte. The properties and mechanism of ion transport is investigated using solid­ state NMR and impedance spectroscopy. Thesis Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

An assessment of what is known about problems related to health system sustainability, options for addressing these problems, and key implementation considerations. The evidence brief was an input to a stakeholder dialogue on the topic of addressing health system sustainability in Ontario. Ontario Medical Association

A summary of what was learned from a citizen panel that addressed problems related to health system sustainability in Ontario, options for addressing these problems, key implementation considerations, and next steps for addressing health system sustainability in Ontario. Ontario Medical Association

This Publication is written by members of the ISCI 3A12 class of 2011 Working in small groups, students in ISCI 3A12 examined the science behind wine making, from the art of viticulture to its eventual consumption by the public. Students performed literature-based reviews and original research in order to understand the wine industry and its complexity; including the environmental requirements and consequences of winemaking, the short- and long-term health effects of drinking wine, and what factors contribute to the quality, aroma, and taste of wine. This research was formatted to resemble a publicly accessible scientific article, and compiled to create each Vintage of Terroir.