• Research dataclose
• 2013-2022close
• European Commission close
• EC|H2020 close
• EC|H2020|RIA close
• English close
• PANGAEA close
• Rural Digital Europe close

Carbon export (from the epipelagic towards the mesopelagic zone) and sequestration (from the mesopelagic towards the bathypelagic zone) in the ocean are reviewed. Particulate organic carbon (POC) flux, and active flux due to migrant zooplankton and micronekton are shown from the epipelagic to the mesopelagic zone, and from the latter to the bathypelagic zone. Values towards the meso- and bathypelagic zones are compared in oligotrophic and productive systems. Zooplankton and prokaryote respiration in the meso- and bathypelagic zones of the ocean are also reviewed for oligotrophic and productive systems. Values were integrated over a depth layer and are given as the flux or respiration under one square meter (in g/m**2/a) between e.g. 100 m and 1000 m depth.

Permafrost thaw and ice wedge degradation lead to drastic landscape changes in the permafrost region. With this data set we investigated the cliff retreat of the Sobo-Sise Cliff (SSC), a high ice-bearing yedoma cliff in the Lena River Delta. The 1,660 m long cliff SSC extends from 72°32'34 N / 128°15'59 E to 72°32'06 N / 128°18'21 E and is located on the Sardakhskaya channel, which is one of the main Lena river branches in the Lena River Delta. Erosion rates for the SSC were determined based on satellite images from different sensors (Corona, Hexagon, Landsat, Planet cube-sat) for the period 1965-2018. Cliff front lines were manually digitized and erosion rates were calculated with the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) tool (Himmelstoos et al. 2018). The study Fuchs et al. (2020) (DOI:10.3389/feart.2020.00336) shows that the up to 27.7 m high SSC erodes in average 15.7 m yr-1 (2015-2018). During the entire observed time period from 1965-2018, the SSC retreated in average 484 m (ranging from 322 - 680 m). This dataset includes the mean annual erosion rates of the yedoma SSC for the time periods 1965-1975, 1975-2000, 2000-2005, 2005-2010, 2010-2015, and 2015-2018, as well as the absolute cliff retreat rates over the entire period 1965-2018, which are derived from remote sensing imagery analyzed with the DSAS tool (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.918505). Related trend data for this region, based on Landsat trend analysis are available at doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.884136 (Nitze, 2018).

Otolith of mesopelagic fishes stranded in the Canary Islands during June 2021 were measured. This dataset contains the standard length (SL, mm) of each species, as well as the otolith length (OL, in mm) and width (OW, in mm), the aspect ratio (OAR = OW/OL) and the otolith relative length (ORL = (100*(OL/SL)) for each specimen. The species were identified using the external morphological identification and the otoliths analysis. We used the AFORO website for the identification of species using the otolith contour (Lombarte et al. 2006).

HILDA+ (HIstoric Land Dynamics Assessment+) is a global dataset on annual land use/cover change between 1960-2019 at 1 km spatial resolution. It is based on a data-driven reconstruction approach and integrates multiple open data streams (from high-resolution remote sensing, long-term land use reconstructions and statistics). It covers six generic land use/cover categories: 1: Urban areas, 2: Cropland, 3: Pasture/rangeland, 4: Forest, 5: Unmanaged grass/shrubland, 6: Sparse/no vegetation. HILDA+ contains annual land use/cover states and transitions, which we provide in different versions/ZIP folders: 1) vGLOB-1.0_geotiff: land use/cover states and transition layers as single geotiffs from 1960 to 2019. 2) vGLOB-1.0-f_netcdf: land use/cover states and transition layers as two large netCDF files with extened time span from 1899 to 2019 (including forest class sub-division and dynamics). 3) hildap_vGLOB-1.0_change-layers: Additionally, HILDA+ change layers (change frequency; forest, cropland and pasture/rangeland change 1960-2019) are provided as geotiffs. 4) hildap_vGLOB-1.0_uncertainty: Uncertainty layers are provided as geotiffs in 3 ZIP folders (part1-3), containing annual datasets of uncertainty information: number of input datasets, deviation and average area fraction per land use/cover category. Note that maps were reprojected from original equal-area World Eckert IV (EPSG:54012; 1 km) to WGS 84 (EPSG: 4326; 0.1 degree) by using nearest neighbour resampling.

Narrowing uncertainties about carbon cycling is important in the Arctic where rapid environmental changes contribute to enhanced mobilization of carbon. Here we quantify soil organic carbon (SOC) contents of permafrost soils along the Yukon Coastal Plain and determine the annual fluxes from erosion. Different terrain units are assessed based on surficial geology, morphology, and ground ice conditions. To account for the volume of wedge ice and massive ice in a unit, sample SOC contents are reduced by 19% and sediment contents by 16%. The SOC content in a 1 m**2 column of soil varies according to the height of the bluff, ranging from 30 to 662 kg, with a mean value of 183 kg. Forty-four per cent of the SOC is within the top 1 m of soil and values vary based on surficial materials, ranging from 30 to 53 kg C/m**3, with a mean of 41 kg. Eighty per cent of the shoreline is erosive with a mean annual rate of change is 0.7 m/a. This results in a SOC flux per meter of shoreline of 131 kg C/m/a, and a total flux for the entire Yukon coast of 35.5 10**6 kg C/a (0.036 Tg C/a). The mean flux of sediment per meter of shoreline is 5.3 10**3 kg/m/a, with a total flux of 1,832.0 10**6 kg/a (1.832 Tg/a). Sedimentation rates indicate that approximately 13% of the eroded carbon is sequestered in nearshore sediments, where the overwhelming majority of organic carbon is of terrestrial origin. Supplement to: Couture, Nicole; Irrgang, Anna Maria; Pollard, Wayne H; Lantuit, Hugues; Fritz, Michael (2018): Coastal Erosion of Permafrost Soils Along the Yukon Coastal Plain and Fluxes of Organic Carbon to the Canadian Beaufort Sea. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences

During the one-year MOSAiC expedition the multiwavelength polarization Raman lidar Polly (POrtabLe Lidar sYstem) (Engelmann et al., 2016, 2021) was continuously operated aboard Polarstern. Automated measurements of aerosol and cloud profiles up to stratospheric heights were collected from 26 September 2019 to 2 October 2020. The Polly instrument is mounted inside the OCEANET-Atmosphere container of the Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS). Data are manually analyzed height profiles of particle backscatter coefficient, particle extinction coefficient, particle linear depolarization ratio, extinction-to-backscatter ratio, and Anstrom exponents at 355 nm, 532 nm, and 1064 nm wavelengths.

Vazella pourtalesi presence and absence data were obtained from several different sources: DFO's multispecies trawl survey conducted in the Maritimes Region between 2007 to 2017 (presences and absences), DFO optical (in-house camera/video and remotely operated vehicle) benthic surveys conducted between 2001 and 2017 (presences only), and commercial bycatch records from the Fisheries Observer Program (FOP) from 1997 to 2007, and 2010 to 2015 (presences only). The DFO multispecies trawl survey is stratified random (by depth) and conducted using primarily Western IIA trawl gear. The average distance of these tows is ~ 3.17 km. Absence records were created from null (zero) catches that occurred in the same surveys. Commercial bycatch data between 1997 to 2007 from the Fisheries Observer Program was further post-processed and validated for accuracy, while the data from 2010 to 2015 was extracted directly from the Maritimes Fishery Science Database managed by DFO. Commercial trawls are much longer in duration and may follow bottom contours and/or retrace their footprint through the course of a 10+ km tow. For both the DFO multispecies trawl survey and FOP data, start coordinates were used to represent the tow, whereas for the DFO benthic imagery survey data the actual location of the V. pourtalesi record in situ was used. A 1 x 1 km grid matching that of the environmental data was placed over the study area and the presence-absence data were reduced to one record per cell, with a presence taking precedence over an absence if both occurred in the same cell. This gave a total of 215 presences (102 from the DFO trawl surveys, 47 from DFO benthic science surveys, and 66 from the FOP) and 2867 absences for the model. Supplement to: Beazley, Lindsay; Wang, Z; Kenchington, Ellen L; Yashayaev, Igor M; Rapp, Hans Tore; Xavier, Joana R; Murillo, Francisco Javier; Fenton, Derek; Fuller, Susanna (2018): Predicted distribution of the glass sponge Vazella pourtalesi on the Scotian Shelf and its persistence in the face of climatic variability. PLoS ONE, 13(10), e0205505

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) applications often require normalization to a common incidence angle. Angular signatures of radar backscatter depend on surface roughness and vegetation cover, and thus differ, from location to location. Comprehensive reference datasets are therefore required in heterogeneous landscapes. Multiple acquisitions from overlapping orbits with sufficient incidence angle range are processed in order to obtain parameters of the location specific normalization function. We propose a simpler method for C-band data, using single scenes only. It requires stable dielectric properties (no variations of liquid water content). This method is therefore applicable for frozen conditions. Winter C-band data have been shown of high value for a number of applications in high latitudes before. In this paper we explore the relationship of incidence angle and Sentinel-1 backscatter across the tundra to boreal transition zone. A linear relationship (coefficient of determination R2 = 0.64) can be found between backscatter and incidence angle dependence (slope of normalization function) as determined by multiple acquisitions on a pixel by pixel basis for typical land cover classes in these regions. This allows a simplified normalization and thus reduced processing effort for applications over larger areas.The following regions are covered in the dataset: Yamal peninsula (Russia), Usa Basin (Russia), Lena Delta (Russia), Mackenzie Delta (Canada), Barrow, Toolik and Teshekpuk Lake region (Alaska). Supplement to: Widhalm, Barbara; Bartsch, Annett; Goler, Robert (2018): Simplified Normalization of C-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar Data for Terrestrial Applications in High Latitude Environments. Remote Sensing, 10(4), 551