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This paper investigates the translations of the poetry of the classical Persian poet Hafiz Shirazi (14th century) published so far in the Western Balkans. The research belongs to the field of translation studies, with particular emphasis on retranslations and relay translations. The first translation of Hafiz by Jovan Jovanović Zmaj published in 1861 was at the same time the earliest translation of a Persian text in the Western Balkans. I classify the past nine translations published in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, and Croatia into two periods. The first period was between the 1860s and 1920s, and the second took place at the beginning of the 21st century. The main conclusion is that each of the two historical periods, bounded by dominant cultural narratives, ushered in a new spirit, and added a new value to Hafiz’s poetry in the target culture. At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, Hafiz Shirazi was presented as a hedonistic poet and winebibber in the Western Balkans. However, at the beginning of the 21st century, translators sought a more profound meaning and mystical content in this Persian lyricist’s poetry. Therefore, one can conclude that all the translations of his poetry have an evaluative aspect. In addition, only two translations are integral, and the rest are selections or adaptations. The translators used the Persian source text or various German and English translations as their basis. Owing to such diverse approaches, the poetry of Hafiz Shirazi has preserved and further bolstered its canonical status among the old and new recipients in the Western Balkans that it had acquired in the Ottoman period among the educated Muslim elite. Predmet ovoga članka jesu dosad objavljeni prijevodi poezije klasičnog perzijskog pjesnika Hafiza Širazija (XIV st.) na geografskom prostoru zapadnoga Balkana. Istraživanje pripada oblasti studija prevođenja, s posebnim naglaskom na ponovljene i posredne prijevode. Prvi prijevod Hafiza iz pera Jovana Jovanovića Zmaja objavljen je 1861. godine i predstavlja najraniji prijevod jednog perzijskog teksta na južnoslavenske jezike. Ukupno devet prijevoda objavljivanih u Bosni i Hercegovini, Srbiji i Hrvatskoj podijeljeno je u dva kraća perioda: prvi krajem XIX i početkom XX stoljeća i drugi početkom XXI stoljeća. Svaki od dva različita povijesna trenutka, omeđena dominatnim kulturnim narativima, donio je novo čitanje, novu vrijednost Hafizovoj poeziji u ciljnoj kulturi. U prvom je periodu Hafiz Širazi predstavljen kao hedonist i vinopija, dok su prevoditelji s početka XXI stoljeća prepoznavali dublji smisao i mistički, odnosno gnostički sadržaj u njegovoj poeziji. Prema tome, svi su prijevodi imali snažan evaluativni aspekt. Svega su dva prijevoda integralni, a ostali su izbori ili adaptacije pojedinih dijelova izvornika. Prevoditelji su prevodili s perzijskog, njemačkog i engleskog jezika. Zahvaljujući raznovrsnim pristupima prevoditeljâ, poezija Hafiza Širazija očuvala je i učvrstila kanonski status među starim i novim recipijentima na zapadnom Balkanu što ga je još u osmanskom periodu stekla među obrazovanom muslimanskom elitom.

In this paper, we will seek to describe inserted non-restrictive relative sentences as typical parenthetical structures. The description will include their syntactic and semantic interpretation, as well as indications about their pragmatic role, and will be based on an analysis of examples found in a corpus of texts belonging to different styles of Bosnian language. The paper is divided into three parts. In the first part, we will define parentheticals and give an overview of the approaches taken so far in analyzing this phenomenon. In the second part of the paper, we will focus on defining and analyzing the inserted non-restrictive relative sentences, and in the third part, we will highlight the most significant observations. U ovome ćemo radu nastojati opisati umetnute nerestriktivne relativne rečenice kao tipične parentetičke strukture. Opis će podrazumijevati njihovu sintaksičku i semantičku interpretaciju, ali i naznake o njihovoj pragmatičkoj ulozi i zasnivat će se na analizi primjera pronađenih u korpusu tekstova koji pripadaju različitim stilovima bosanskoga jezika. Rad je podijeljen u tri dijela. U prvom ćemo dijelu definirati parentetike i dati pregled dosadašnjih pristupa u analiziranju te pojave. U drugome dijelu rada fokusirat ćemo se na definiranje i analizu umetnutih nerestriktivnih relativnih rečenica, a u trećem će se dijelu izdvojiti najznačajnija zapažanja.

Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Authors. Published by Engineering Society for Corrosion. Physicochemical properties of thin films on the base of titanium oxides, obtained by a cathodic arc evaporation on the surface of glass substrate are analysed in details. The analysis of these films was made by using XRD, FTIR, SEM, XPS analysis and ellipsometry. On the basis of these analyses, particularly analysis obtained by XPS, the oxidative state Ti and corresponding phases are determined through various film layers from the surface to the substrate. The depth of the various levels and their extinction coefficients and refractory indexes are estimated by ellipsometry. publishersversion published

"Women's rights" have not achieved equality with the "human rights of men" yet, thus with the ones which men appropriate and apply on themselves. Women are underpaid for the job which they do in relations to men, they are often victims of maltreatment, and they get work in a more difficult manner. Today, women should struggle for their rights and equality with men throughout the world. Women, and some of them with male allies, hundreds years back literally gave their lives for female right to education, vote and other rights we were enjoying today. They are those to whom we should be grateful that we could deal with politics, vote and to be voted. We are due equal and greater rights and freedoms to the upcoming generations of girls and boys. Nevertheless, patriarchal society which still rules in the Balkans and at other geographic, social, political and religious areas, does not allow women to "raise their heads" out of these elementary issues and overtake their part of responsibility in social, political and other ways of life, and especially to new current of politically aware women to overtake a concrete public political and other position. On the contrary, the whole potential of public activity is directed toward men and women are to be positioned three or more steps behind social processes and especially the ones of political leaders, for example on elections posters and other. The above mentioned conclusions in accordance with methodological standards are subjected and verifiable, that is, verification of knowledge on the subject of this paper is undisputed, or in other words, "the feature of verification of scientific knowledge means the possibility of interpersonal verification in some conditions, the existence of appropriate arguments and procedure".

The subject of the paper is the contradiction of the rules of civil procedure for awarding costs in case of partial withdrawal of the lawsuit. The existence of contradictions is established on the basis of the analysis of the rules for deciding on the costs of civil proceedings in the case of partial withdrawal of the lawsuit and the rules for awarding costs in the case of partial success in litigation. A hypothetically set example shows what differences are made by applying these rules. Based on the rules for the interpretation of the law lex specialis derogat legi generali and lex posterior derogat legi priori, it is concluded that in case of partial withdrawal of the lawsuit, the rules for awarding litigation costs in case of partial success should be applied. Predmet je rada kontradiktornost pravila parničnog postupka za dosuđivanje troškova u slučaju djelomičnoga povlačenja tužbe. Do utvrđivanja kontradiktornosti dolazi se analizom pravila za odlučivanje o troškovima parničnog postupka u slučaju djelomičnog povlačenja tužbe i pravila za dosuđivanje troškova u slučaju djelomičnog uspjeha u parnici. Na hipotetičko postavljenom primjeru ukazuje se na razlike do koji se dolazi primjenom tih pravila. Na temelju pravila za tumačenje prava lex specialis derogat legi generali i lex posterior derogat legi priori, dolazi se do zaključka da kod djelomičnog povlačenja tužbe treba primijeniti pravila za dosuđivanje troškova parničnog postupka u slučaju djelomičnog uspjeha.

The standard Bosnian language has a four-accent New Shtokavian system, from which it deviates in the presence of descending accents in some borrowings, compounds, genitive plural and vocative singular of some nouns, non-shifted accents onto proclitics, abbreviation and two-syllable reflexes of yat. Given that the condition for the common speech to be standardized is a precise description of its categories, in this paper, the approach to the falling accent is systemic, ie. the possible categories where the falling accent occurs consistently outside the initial syllable are discovered. For the final standardization, it is necessary to examine these categories in speech, which this paper will not be covering. From previous research borrowings and the falling accent in the genitive plural and the vocative singular of individual words have been singled out as insufficiently described. Considering that the examples can be grouped according to suffixes almost without remainder, and basing off of the thesis that suffixes can determine the accent of words, the borrowings and words that in the genitive plural and / or the vocative singular have or may have a falling accent outside the initial syllable are therefore categorized according to the suffixes, which are listed in detail. The corpus consists of general dictionaries of the Bosnian language, so notes are given on the current normative status of certain categories, some of which are standardized. The research also gave rise to a general conclusion, which is that, in the Bosnian language, falling accents outside the first syllable appear only in three- and multi-syllable words. Standardni bosanski jezik pripada četveroakcenatskom novoštokavskom sistemu, od kojeg odstupa u prisutnosti silaznih akcenata u tuđicama, složenicama, genitivu jednine i akuzativu množine pojedinih riječi, neprenošenju akcenta na proklitiku, skraćenicama te dvosložnom refleksu jata. S obzirom na to da je uvjet da upotrebni oblik bude i normiran zapravo precizan opis kategorija, to se u ovom radu silaznom akcentu pristupa sistemski, tj. otkrivaju se moguće kategorije u kojima se silazni akcent javlja dosljedno izvan početnog sloga. Za konačno normiranje potrebno je ove kategorije ispitati na terenu, čime se ovaj rad neće baviti. Iz dosadašnjih istraživanja kao nedovoljno opisane izdvojile su se tuđice i silazni akcent u genitivu množine i vokativu jednine pojedinih riječi. S obzirom na to da se primjeri mogu grupisati prema sufiksima gotovo bez ostatka, a polazeći od teze da sufiksi mogu određivati akcenatsku sliku riječi, kategorije tuđica i riječi koje u genitivu množine i/li vokativu jednine imaju ili mogu imati silazni akcenat izvan početnog sloga kategorizirane su dakle prema sufiksima, koji su detaljno pobrojani. Korpus su činili opći rječnici bosanskog jezika, pa su date napomene i o trenutnom normativnom statusu pojedinih kategorija, od kojih su neke i normirane. Istraživanje je iznjedrilo i opći zaključak, a to je da se u bosanskom jeziku silazni akcenti izvan prvog sloga javljaju samo u trosložnim i višesložnim riječima.

This paper provides a brief overview of the COBISS organizational model and software usage in the development of the national library information system in Macedonia over the past 30 years. The beginnings of COBISS usage have been running since 1989 within the shared cataloguing system in the SNTIJ / BIS project. Following the breakup of Yugoslavia and the failure of the shared cataloguing system, several Macedonian libraries have again started to use COBISS software due to the need to introduce new technologies and to automate their processes. In 2004, when a great number of libraries showed interest to use COBISS software, the Ministry of Culture of RM has decided to use the COBISS platform for the development of the national library information system of Macedonia, and for this purpose, in the National and University Library “Sv. Kliment Ohridski “ has established Centre of the Virtual Library of Macedonia, i.e. VLM Centre. For the past 15 years, COBISS.MK has been operating and evolving according to COBISS.Net development plans. By the end of this anniversary year, more than 70 libraries (national, public, higher education and special) will be included in the system. The decades-long implementation of COBISS has made it possible for online libraries to be seen, to save and to organize the time in the process of the library materials cataloguing, and to animate the public by increasing the interest in the use of libraries. Ovaj rad daje kratak pregled primjene organizacionog modela i programske opreme COBISS u razvoju nacionalnog bibliotečno-informacijskog sistema u Makedoniji u proteklih 30 godina. Počeci primjene COBISS-a vode još od 1989. u okviru sistema uzajamne katalogizacije u projektu SNTIJ/BIS. Nakon raspada Jugoslavije i prestanka funkcioniranja sistema uzajamne katalogizacije, zbog potrebe uvođenja novih tehnologija i automatizacija svojih procesa nekoliko makedonskih biblioteka su ponovo počele da koriste programsku opremu COBISS. U 2004. godini, kada je veći broj biblioteka projavilo interes za primjenu programske opreme COBISS, Ministarstvo kulture RM je odlučilo da se platforma COBISS primijeni za razvoj nacionalnog bibliotečko-informacionog sistema Makedonije, i za tu svrhu je u Nacionalnoj i univerzitetskoj biblioteki “Sv. Kliment Ohridski” bio osnovan centar Virtuelne biblioteke Makedonije tj. VBM Centar. U proteklih 15 godina sistem COBISS.MK funkcionira i razvija se prema razvojnim planovima mreže COBISS.Net. Do kraja ove jubilarne godine u njemu biće uključeno više od 70 biblioteka (nacionalna, javne, visokoškolske i specijalne). Višedecenijska primjena COBISS’-a omogućila je vidljivost biblioteka na mreži, zaštedu i racionalizaciju vremena u procesu obrade bibliotečkog fonda, te animiranje javnosti u povećanju interesa za korištenje biblioteka.