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Recent field evidence suggests that injecting fluids below the ground surface can induce an anthropogenic land uplift of a few tens of centimeters over a time interval that may range from a few months to a few years. At the same time, new modeling studies using a lot of realistic hydrogeological and geomechanical information from the northern Adriatic basin indicate that pumping seawater into a 600–800 m deep brackish aquifer below the Venice Lagoon might help raise the city uniformly by 25–30 cm over 10 years (a). This could provide Venice with an important innovative defence from and a substantial mitigation to the so‐called “acqua alta,” i.e., the increasingly frequent floods that plague the city. To test the feasibility of an actual program of anthropogenic Venice uplift, a pilot project is designed with the aim of investigating the occurrence over a limited area selected on purpose within or in the margin of the lagoon where three boreholes down to 800 m are drilled and seawater properly treated for geochemical compatibility is pumped into the selected aquifer during 3 a. Using an improved reconstruction of the geology and lithostratigraphy from a new seismic survey to be carried out in the lagoon subsurface, the pilot project plans the instrumentation of the injection wells and other boreholes for the continuous monitoring and accurate measurement of (1) pore water overpressure; (2) expansion of the injected unit by the radioactive marker technique; (3) compaction, if any, of the upper fresh water aquifer system with the aid of an extensometer; and (4) vertical and horizontal motions of land surface via spirit leveling, GPS and interferometric synthetic aperture radar. Preliminary numerical simulations show that a constant saltwater injection rate of 12 × 103 m3 s−1 from each well might provide a maximum 7 cm uplift at the center of the selected site over a 3‐a time, namely, a limited amount that is nevertheless accurately measurable and should not raise concerns for the stability of the buildings and the preservation of the infrastructures in the area. A continuous control of the experiment is envisaged based on much refined hydrologic and geomechanical models properly updated and calibrated to the detailed lithostratigraphy resulting from the new seismic campaign, the ad hoc field analyses, and the current field observations of the event. The completion of the pilot project is expected to require 4 a including an initial year needed for the necessary authorizations and the operative implementation of the injection program. The planned cost is in the range of 5 MEuro/a. The present paper addresses the major issues concerned with the design of the pilot project and discusses the results from the experiment simulations with a glance at their prospective application to an actual project of anthropogenic uplift of Venice.

Metabolic age - this feature takes into account, the basic metabolism and all the basic physical parameters and the determining of age, which corresponds to this type of metabolism. The aim of the research is to establish a metabolic age and the index of the body mass (Body Mass Index) for students. Anthropometric measurement was applied. The analyzer was used for the composition of body weight (body composition analyzer, BC-420MA “Tanita”) for determining the metabolic age and body mass index. The conducted monitoring of the metabolic age reveals opportunities to improve students' motivation for healthy lifestyle.

Para avaliar o efeito do uso de antibiótico, de probiótico e de homeopatia em frangos de corte, inoculados ou não com Escherichia coli, foram distribuídos 672 frangos machos, Avian Farm, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial com oito tratamentos (quatro aditivos x com ou sem inoculação) e seis repetições, tendo 14, 12 e 7 aves por unidade experimental, respectivamente, de acordo com os períodos 1 a 11, 12 a 21 e 22 a 42 dias de idade. As aves foram alojadas em salas climatizadas em ambiente de conforto, de acordo com o manual da linhagem. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de: controle negativo (sem aditivo), antibiótico (virginiamicina + nitrovin), probiótico (meio de cultura de Lactobacilus acidophillus, Enterococcus faecium e Saccharomices cerevisiae) e homeopatia (nosódio de Escherichia coli). Observou-se que as aves tratadas com antibiótico e probiótico apresentaram maior ganho de peso no período de 1 a 21 dias, com melhor conversão alimentar para aquelas tratadas com antibiótico, embora no período total de 1 a 42 dias não tenha havido diferença entre os tratamentos. A inoculação da Escherichia coli piorou o desempenho das aves, aumentando o peso relativo do coração, do fígado e dos intestinos, enquanto o uso de antibiótico e de probiótico melhorou o desempenho das aves no período de 1 a 21 dias.The effect of antibiotic, probiotic and homeopathy in broilers inoculated or not with Escherichia coli was evaluated. Six hundred and seventy two male broilers of Avian Farm strain were assigned to a completely randomized design, in a factorial scheme, with eight treatments (four additives x inoculation or not) and six replicates, with 14, 12 and 7 birds by experimental box, respectively, according to the periods from 1 to 11, from 12 to 21 and from 22 to 42 days of age. The birds were allotted to acclimatized chambers, under comfort environment, according to the strain recommendations. The treatments were constituted of: negative control (no additive), antibiotic (virginiamicine + nitrovin), probiotic (culture medium of Lactobacilus acidophillus, Enterococcus faecium and Saccharomices cerevisiae) and homeopathy (nosody of Escherichia coli). It was observed that birds fed antibiotic and probiotic showed higher weight gain from 1 to 21 days, and the birds fed antibiotic showed the best feed:gain ratio, although in the total period (from 1 to 42 days of age) there was no difference among treatments. The inoculation with Escherichia coli decreased the birds performance; the bacteria increased the relative weight of heart, liver and intestines. It was concluded that the use of antibiotic and probiotic improved the birds performance from 1 to 21 days of age.

Arkansas Global Rice Model (AGRM) a partial equilibrium econometric model is used to assess the impact various proposal on trade liberalization in rice. The analysis is carried over a period of eight years using 2006 baseline. The results are summarized by comparing the impact of various proposals over period of time.

application/pdf Corticotropin-releasing factor （CRF） is primary regulator of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal（ HPA） axis,which is activated by various types of stress. Starvation is also a potent activating factor of CRF. Because theperipheral energy store refl ects on plasma levels of leptin, secreted from adipose tissue, it is presumed that leptin maybe involved in the CRF activity during starvation. Indeed, the attenuation of CRF or HPA axis activity by leptintreatment has been demonstrated in several reports. While many studies indicate the leptins involvement in CRFactivity, its precise regulation has not been elucidated. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of leptin onthe hypothalamic CRF neuron. To exclude the other hypothalamic factors, associated with leptins central eff ect, weemployed the in vitro study using immortalized CRF expressing neuron（ IVB cell）. Since the mRNA expression of longformleptin receptor was detected clearly in IVB cell with RT-PCR, we next investigated the impact of leptin on this cell.IVB cell was treated with leptin in diff erent concentrations and periods, then, the mRNA expression and the promoteractivity of CRF were analyzed with real-time PCR and luciferase assay, respectively. In result, leptin suppressed CRFpromoter activity with dose- and time- dependent manner in IVB cell. This indicates that leptin can suppress the CRFtranscription directly in hypothalamus. Our result might explain the mechanism partially how leptin attenuate theactivation of CRF or HPA axis induced by stress or starvation. 弘前医学. 59(Suppl.), 2007, p.S193-S198

В работе изучены некоторые лесоводственные свойства подроста сосны обыкновенной, занимающей заброшенные пахотные, сенокосные и пастбищные угодья лесостепной части Учалинского административного района Республики Башкортостан. На условной трансекте «север-юг» длиной около 100 км заложены 28 пробных площадей, на которых проведен сплошной перечет подроста с определением их численности на 1 га и высоты растений. У сосны обыкновенной на каждом участке у 30 растений дополнительно измерялась величина годичного прироста в высоту 2013 г. Установлено, что практически повсеместно на исследованной территории лесовозобновление осуществляется сосной обыкновенной (Pinus sylvestris L.) и березой повислой (Betula pendula Roth.). Это обусловлено тем, что оба вида относятся к так называемым «породам-пионерам», а также тем, что они доминируют в лесном фоне Учалинского лесничества. Основной причиной выявленных различий выборок по величине годичного прироста и его межвыборочной изменчивости следует считать экологическую гетерогенность заброшенных земель сельскохозяйственного назначения. Она определяется топографической и пространственной мозаичностью рельефа, различиями участков богатстве и физико-механических свойствах почв, в аэрои гидрологических режимах, видовом составе и обилии травянистой растительности. Высокая индивидуальная изменчивость годичного прироста в высоту в пределах отдельных местообитаний на экологически относительно однородном фоне доказывает, что при зарастании лесом различных частей бывших сельскохозяйственных земель участвует разнокачественный генетический материал. К формированию различий генофонда на разных участках лесовозобновления могут быть причастны такие факторы, как участие в возобновлении семян от самоопыления, неравный вклад отдельных деревьев в обеспечение семенного пула и др. Some properties of Scots pine saplings of former arable lands, hayfields and pastures were studied in the forest-steppe zone of Uchalinsky administrative district of the Republic of Bashkortostan. 28 typical zones were selected on the “north-south” transect (100 km in length) with determination of number of saplings per hectare and height for each sample. At each sample zone, growth in height in 2013 was additionally measured for 30 saplings. It was revealed that almost everywhere in the studied area a natural reforestation is provided by Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) and silver birch ( Betula pendula Roth.). This fact can be explained by two main reasons: both species belong to the so-called “pioneer species” and they dominate in the forests of the Uchalinsky district. Environmental heterogeneities of the zones (spatial mosaic relief, differences in richness, physical and mechanical properties of soils, aerial and hydrological variation, species composition and abundance of herbaceous plants, etc.) should be considered as a dominating factor of variation of individuals in growth in height. High individual variation of annual growth in height of saplings within a single plot on ecologically relatively uniform space proves influence of genetic factors in territorial expansion of the pine on former agricultural lands. They can include differences in quality of maternal gene pool in different areas of reforestation, in proportion of seeds from self-pollination, unequal contribution of single trees in the provision of seeds, etc.

Relevance. The current trend in the development of agricultural production is the cultivation of spring rape, as a highly profitable and export crop. Mineral nutrition is an integral part of increasing the resistance of rapeseed to adverse environmental factors, increasing and stabilizing yields.The purpose of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness of various forms and norms of mineral fertilizers on the yield and morphobiological parameters of spring rape.Methods. Field experiments were laid on the experimental field of the North Kazakhstan Agricultural Academy in 2018–2020. The climate of the zone is arid, the sum of positive temperatures is 2400–2700 °C, the average annual precipitation is 240–330 mm, GTC is 0.8–0.7. The soil is ordinary heavy loamy chernozem with a neutral reaction, humus is 4.5–5.0%.The object of the study is a hybrid of spring rapeseed SALSA CL F1 (00-type, medium early). Records and observations were carried out according to current state standards, as well as the methodology for conducting state variety testing of agricultural crops.Results. As a result of the research, it was found that the use of various types and norms of mineral fertilizers provides an increase in the yield of spring rapeseed of 0.42–0.68 t/ha. The greatest effect was obtained for the P80:N80 nitroammophos variant, with a yield of 1.72 t/ha, exceeding the standard by 64%. These facts are confirmed by the structural analysis of the obtained crop, as well as observations of the dynamics of the increase in dry matter.

Evropske države so se glede preskrbe na vojne razmere začele organizirano pripravljati v drugi polovici tridesetih let 20. stoletja, Jugoslavija oziroma Slovenija pa sta to vprašanje začeli urejati šele neposredno pred izbruhom druge svetovne vojne. Slovenija se je znašla v vrtincu draginje že konec leta 1939, naslednje leto je sledilo pomanjkanje osnovnih življenjskih potrebščin. Organi oblasti so porajajoče se probleme poskušali urejati z raznimi uredbami, kmalu pa se je pokazala potreba po omejitvi v preskrbi oziroma uvajanju dirigiranega gospodarstva. (Ne)uspešnost tega početja se je izkazala že neposredno po okupaciji. Whereas other European countries started preparing supplies for wartime conditions already in the second half of the 1930s, Yugoslavia (Slovenia) only started addressing this issue immediately before the outbreak of the Second World War. Slovenia thus found itself in a whirlpool of dearness already by the end of 1939 and, a year later, facing a shortage of basic necessities. The governing bodies attempted to tackle the emerging needs with various measures and were soon compelled to introduce rationing and directed economy. The (un)successfulness of these measures became obvious immediately after the occupation.

Soil salinity is a major constraint for soybean production worldwide, and the exploitation of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and their bioactive metabolite(s) can improve plant salinity tolerance. With this objective, two experiments were performed, aiming to test 4 culture media (YEM(A), TYE(A), TS(A), and LB(A)) for growing a novel

The present investigation entitled, “Studies on weed management in Rabi onion (Allium cepa L.)” was carried out at the Vegetable Research Farm of Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) during Rabi season 2021with the objectives of relative efficacy of herbicides and hand weeding on weed control in onion. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design for nine treatments with three replications. It was observed that the growth attributes viz., plant height (80.25 cm), leaves/plant (10.82), fresh weight of bulb (32.65 gm) and dry weight of onion (17.51 gm) were significantly higher in (T2) over rest treatments, respectively. The yields attributes viz., the polar diameter of bulb (56.70 mm), Equatorial diameter of bulb (68.58 mm) and total bulb diameter (5.97 cm) were significantly more recorded in T2, while the minimum was recorded in control. The bulbs yield (27.03 t / ha). TSS (15.43) was significantly highest in weed free check over remaining all treatments, respectively. Among the herbicidal treatment pre and post emergence application of treatment T8. The number of weeds (m2) and weed dry matter (g/ m2) were significantly noticed that weed free check (T2) was most effective treatment as it recorded less weed count 0.68/m2 and dry matter 1.25g followed by 3.63/m2 and 3.45g, respectively. The maximum weed control efficiency (93.3%) and minimum weed control index (0.00%) was significantly recorded by treatment T2, compared to remaining treatments, respectively. The gross monetary returns (Rs.3,24,360.00) were recorded higher in the treatment weed free check (T2) followed by among the herbicides T8 Rs 3,15,240/ ha and net monetary returns were recorded statistically higher in the treatment T8 Rs. 2,21,648.00. Whereas, the highest benefit cost ratio (1:3.71) was recorded in the treatment T7 followed by T6, in the present investigation.