The research area is a gold mine operating in North Sulawesi. The aim of the study was to analyze and calculate hydrological parameters, namely: hydraulic conductivity, infiltration rate, and permeability to find out how strong the soil cover is at one level of waste disposal. The method used is the Measurement of hydraulic conductivity, infiltration rate, and permeability in the field, analysis, and calculation of hydraulic conductivity, infiltration rate, and permeability based on field data. In the designated regions of the waste dump, specifically areas 1a, b, and c, we observed certain hydrological patterns that are worth noting. Firstly, the hydraulic conductivity in these areas, which is a crucial determinant of the rate at which water can move through the soil, consistently showcased low average values. This is further supported by the similarly slow infiltration rate identified in the same zones. The ability of the soil to transmit water, i.e., its permeability, also followed this trend, with values leaning towards the lower end of the scale, indicating very slow permeability. One major contributory factor to these patterns appears to be the soil's composition. Predominantly made up of sandy loam, the soil in these areas exhibits high water retention capabilities. Sandy loam, by its nature, binds and retains water effectively, which could potentially explain the observed hydrological behaviors in waste dump areas 1a, b, and c.
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Abstract Both environmental philosophers and activists commonly claim that we face an “ecological crisis” that will not be solved unless and until a holistic environmental ethic takes hold of our psyches. The search for such an ethic commonly is traced to ecologist Aldo Leopold, who has been called the “patron saint” of environmental ethics. Leopold defined morally right actions as those that “tend to preserve the integrity, stability, and beauty of the biotic community.” He stressed that “land ethic ... implies respect for [one’s] fellow members [of the biotic community], and also respect for the community as such.” And he characterized such a land ethic as both “an evolutionary possibility and an ecological necessity” (1949, pp. 224-25, 204, 203).
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doi: 10.57757/iugg23-5043
Hydrologically induced disasters resulting from both water scarcity and excess, pose a threat to mountain communities and developmental infrastructures in the Himalayas. Over the last decade, the HILLTOP, a network of hydrological observatories in the Himalayan region has gathered data which improves our understanding of diverse water pathways in the region. The talk traverses through two water pathways - mountain aquifers, and high gradient rivers - presenting the latest empirical evidence emerging from pilot field studies towards mitigating hydrologically induced disasters.The first section focuses on the increasing drying up of springs, the lifeline of hill communities. Recent analysis emerging from stable isotope and hydrochemistry studies in select pilot springsheds are presented. When detailed studies are not available, as is the case in many parts of the Himalayas, systems thinking approach helps direct targeted interventions. So, we also present vulnerability assessment using a systems thinking approach as a tool for targeted interventions for spring rejuvenation projects. In the second section, a case of field observations of bedload in two headwater rivers is presented. The study highlights the challenge in arriving at accurate estimates of rainfall triggered mass movement of sediments, and presents recent attempts are better understanding of the empirical equations used to estimate bedload under high flow conditions. These studies underscore both the need and challenges in compiling evidence through field observations in Hydrology that improve our understanding of hydrologically induced disasters. Innovative observatories we hope will inform policy and action towards sustainable development of our mountains landscapes. The 28th IUGG General Assembly (IUGG2023) (Berlin 2023)
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In France, as in many other parts of Europe and North America, the vast increase in the number of dam removals in order to restore ecological continuity has led to a large number of local conflicts, resulting in a significant ecological controversy. Most of these hydraulic works were connected to former water mills. This article will suggest new analytical methods to help understand and interpret this controversy through the use of two complementary approaches. The first is based on a geohistorical approach. It allows us to identify the development of the meanings and values associated with mill weirs and also to trace the development, since the 19th century, of state involvement in dealing with their ecological impact. Our second method, based on political ecology, attempts to decipher the current state of the controversy. Taking this as our objective we have undertaken a qualitative analysis of the discourse produced on a national level and also of the network of actors who make up the oppositional base to dam removal. The affective and emotional dimensions of the controversy, and also the attachment to local places, both of which are often crucial in the expression of opposition on the local scale, can be identified in the discourse. Yet, the discourse we have analysed reveals argumentative poles which translate both the opposition based on rational arguments and also an alternative vision of the development of rivers (heritage status, green and local power production). The oppositional argument which has been developed notably includes a discussion of the knowledge and scientific expertise upon which the process of dam removal is based. It also includes a critique of local consultation and decision-making methods.
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doi: 10.2495/wp120221
This paper discusses the development of a marine and coastal pollution training curriculum and learning materials for enhanced management level competence. Currently, the existing training programmes in this field embrace mostly specific subjects and target groups. For instance, short courses for rescue services, police and border guards as well as volunteers exist in the Baltic Sea region. Simultaneously, background studies brought out, that no comprehensive high level training curriculum covering this field exists in the countries of the region. The results of the analyses of pollution case reports demonstrated an urgent need for an extensive course programme, enabling the specialisation of marine and coastal pollution prevention, control and response. The curriculum was worked out on the basis of a Master’s Programme of the Estonian Academy of Security Sciences, being available also for students of other countries in the region. The study and development work were carried out within the framework of the Interreg IV A EnSaCo “Environment and Safety Management Cooperation on Shoreline Oil Spill Response”. This curriculum is designed to utilise the unified competence of several research and development institutions as well as civil services and foreign experts. The essential endeavours of the developed course are a proportional coverage of all the steps of pollution management, and a balanced approach to coastal and marine pollution subjects.
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The Zoige alpine wetland of eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau is one of the most important wetlands in the world, which suffered stronger human regulations of decades’ drainage and recent restoration. It is so fragile that great efforts should be made to strengthen wetland protection. Based on wetland type classification for seven periods by the object-oriented classification method, we quantitatively discussed dynamically changes of wetland cover types and their driving forces. Conclusions show that alpine meadows accounts for 44.59% of the whole area of the county, and the transition between alpine meadows and swamp meadows mostly occurs in the process of wetland landscape changes. Changes of wetland cover types have taken place in Zoige County from 1990 to 2018 in which wetland loss was mainly caused by the decrease of marsh areas during 1995–2005. Particularly, shift from alpine meadows to swamp meadows led to wetland slightly expansion in two periods, i.e., 1990–1995 and 2005–2018. There is a significant negative correlation between marsh area and average temperature in growing season, average wind speed and rural population, and a significant negative correlation between water area and maximum wind speed. The increase of air temperature and wind speed lead to an enhancement of surface evapotranspiration and a decrease of water retention capacity. Whereas, positive feedback of ecosystem lead to an increase in air temperature and a decrease of marsh area. Both climatic changes and human activities have caused changes in wetland cover type, especially temperature in growing season, wind speed, agricultural development, and animal husbandry.
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There is growing societal concern about the impact of animal production on climate and other dimensions of sustainability. Continuing development of production in response to this will require the industry to know how much consumers are willing to pay for more sustainable pork, and how they prioritize different sustainability dimensions.In this 2022 questionnaire-based study, we investigated willingness-to-pay for more sustainable pork among consumers in Denmark, Germany, the UK and Shanghai, China. We examined how respondents prioritised lower climate impact in comparison with four other dimensions of sustainability: improved animal welfare, decreased use of antibiotics, freedom from Salmonella and other harmful bacteria, and the avoidance of rain forest depletion in the production of pig-feed.While many respondents were found to be willing to pay a price premium for more sustainable pork, only 10% (approx.) were prepared to pay more than a 20% premium. In all four countries, lower climate impact was among the least important reasons for paying a price premium. In the Western countries animal welfare was the most important reason while food safety was the most important reason in China. The most frequently stated reason for prioritizing animal welfare over climate impact was the belief that paying a price premium is necessary to make a difference for the animals while climate impacts can be handled by other means. An important insight gained is that the current focus on reducing climate impacts of pig production should not blind the relevant stakeholders to the importance of better animal welfare and food safety. If they lose sight of the latter, stakeholders will fall out of step with the priorities that many consumers currently have.
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hybrid |
citations | 7 | |
popularity | Top 10% | |
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pmid: 36958651
Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is one of the critical secondary pollutants in photochemical smog. This study investigated the relationship between PAN and PAN precursors with the Regional Atmospheric Chemical Mechanism version 2 model in six episodes recorded in Zhengzhou. In all episodes, peroxyacetyl radical (PA) was primarily produced by acetaldehyde oxidation, with more than 70% contributions. In photochemical episodes and photochemical-haze co-occurring episodes (combined episodes), methylglyoxal secondarily contributes 8.1%-10.6% to PA while in haze pollution, the propagation of other radicals to PA is the second most important source (12.0%-19.1%). Among anthropogenic non-methane hydrocarbons, alkene restricted PAN formation as first-generation precursors, with the relative incremental reactivity of PAN (RIR
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citations | 4 | |
popularity | Top 10% | |
influence | Average | |
impulse | Average |
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Influence of anthropo-man-induced load on Dysmetabolic Nephropathy (DMN) and Urolithiasis (U) prevalence in children of the Primorsky Krai has been studied. The study design included a sanitary, epidemiological and clinical stages. 513 children aged 3-14 years, born and residing in three towns of the Primorsky Krai with different degrees of anthropo-man-induced load stress have been examined (in Vladivostok, Dalnegorsk and Partizansk). The highest anthropo-man-induced water and air pollution load level was observed in Vladivostok. In the City of Dalnegorsk, water and air were less polluted, but the level of soil contamination (4.0 versus 1.0 and 2.0 in Vladivostok and Partizansk) was the highest one. DMN and U occurred significantly more frequently in Dalnegorsk than in Vladivostok and Partizansk (p Изучено воздействие антропотехногенного фактора на распространенность дисметаболических нефропатий (ДМН) и мочекаменной болезни (МКБ) у детского населения Приморского края. Дизайн исследования включал гигиенический, эпидемиологический и клинический этапы. Обследовано 513 детей 3-14 лет, родившихся и постоянно проживающих в трех городах края (Владивосток, Дальнегорск и Партизанск), имеющих различную степень напряжения антропотехногенной нагрузки. Наиболее высокий уровень нагрузки за счет антропотехногенного загрязнения воды и атмосферного воздуха установлен во Владивостоке. В Дальнегорске вода и атмосферный воздух загрязнены меньше, зато в городе самый высокий уровень загрязнения почвы (4,0 против 1,0 и 2,0 во Владивостоке и Партизанске), значимо чаще, чем в двух других городах (р
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Although the high amount of solar irradiance in the tropics is an advantage for a profitable PV production, the local meteorological conditions induce a very high variability which is problematic for a safe and gainful injection into the power grid. This issue is even more critical in non-interconnected territories where network stability is an absolute necessity and the injection of PV power has to be limited. The basis for precise cloud evolution and subsequent irradiance forecasts are high quality atmospheric analyses for NWP. Geostationary meteorological satellites provide valuable observations of cloud properties with high spatio-temporal resolutions and allow a pertinent data assimilation. The shortcoming is that optical and thermal channels of satellite sensors do not provide cloud properties from inside clouds. Different existing data assimilation approaches aim at deriving atmospheric analyses with most realistic cloud features, utilising geostationary satellite observations. The potential of assimilating satellite-derived cloud information in regional NWP with focus on irradiance forecasts in tropical regions has not been evaluated so far. Hence, the present work aims at evaluating the potential of geostationary satellite data assimilation in limited-area models applied to the French tropical oversea territories Reunion Island and French Guiana. 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2318-2321
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The research area is a gold mine operating in North Sulawesi. The aim of the study was to analyze and calculate hydrological parameters, namely: hydraulic conductivity, infiltration rate, and permeability to find out how strong the soil cover is at one level of waste disposal. The method used is the Measurement of hydraulic conductivity, infiltration rate, and permeability in the field, analysis, and calculation of hydraulic conductivity, infiltration rate, and permeability based on field data. In the designated regions of the waste dump, specifically areas 1a, b, and c, we observed certain hydrological patterns that are worth noting. Firstly, the hydraulic conductivity in these areas, which is a crucial determinant of the rate at which water can move through the soil, consistently showcased low average values. This is further supported by the similarly slow infiltration rate identified in the same zones. The ability of the soil to transmit water, i.e., its permeability, also followed this trend, with values leaning towards the lower end of the scale, indicating very slow permeability. One major contributory factor to these patterns appears to be the soil's composition. Predominantly made up of sandy loam, the soil in these areas exhibits high water retention capabilities. Sandy loam, by its nature, binds and retains water effectively, which could potentially explain the observed hydrological behaviors in waste dump areas 1a, b, and c.
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Abstract Both environmental philosophers and activists commonly claim that we face an “ecological crisis” that will not be solved unless and until a holistic environmental ethic takes hold of our psyches. The search for such an ethic commonly is traced to ecologist Aldo Leopold, who has been called the “patron saint” of environmental ethics. Leopold defined morally right actions as those that “tend to preserve the integrity, stability, and beauty of the biotic community.” He stressed that “land ethic ... implies respect for [one’s] fellow members [of the biotic community], and also respect for the community as such.” And he characterized such a land ethic as both “an evolutionary possibility and an ecological necessity” (1949, pp. 224-25, 204, 203).
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doi: 10.57757/iugg23-5043
Hydrologically induced disasters resulting from both water scarcity and excess, pose a threat to mountain communities and developmental infrastructures in the Himalayas. Over the last decade, the HILLTOP, a network of hydrological observatories in the Himalayan region has gathered data which improves our understanding of diverse water pathways in the region. The talk traverses through two water pathways - mountain aquifers, and high gradient rivers - presenting the latest empirical evidence emerging from pilot field studies towards mitigating hydrologically induced disasters.The first section focuses on the increasing drying up of springs, the lifeline of hill communities. Recent analysis emerging from stable isotope and hydrochemistry studies in select pilot springsheds are presented. When detailed studies are not available, as is the case in many parts of the Himalayas, systems thinking approach helps direct targeted interventions. So, we also present vulnerability assessment using a systems thinking approach as a tool for targeted interventions for spring rejuvenation projects. In the second section, a case of field observations of bedload in two headwater rivers is presented. The study highlights the challenge in arriving at accurate estimates of rainfall triggered mass movement of sediments, and presents recent attempts are better understanding of the empirical equations used to estimate bedload under high flow conditions. These studies underscore both the need and challenges in compiling evidence through field observations in Hydrology that improve our understanding of hydrologically induced disasters. Innovative observatories we hope will inform policy and action towards sustainable development of our mountains landscapes. The 28th IUGG General Assembly (IUGG2023) (Berlin 2023)
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In France, as in many other parts of Europe and North America, the vast increase in the number of dam removals in order to restore ecological continuity has led to a large number of local conflicts, resulting in a significant ecological controversy. Most of these hydraulic works were connected to former water mills. This article will suggest new analytical methods to help understand and interpret this controversy through the use of two complementary approaches. The first is based on a geohistorical approach. It allows us to identify the development of the meanings and values associated with mill weirs and also to trace the development, since the 19th century, of state involvement in dealing with their ecological impact. Our second method, based on political ecology, attempts to decipher the current state of the controversy. Taking this as our objective we have undertaken a qualitative analysis of the discourse produced on a national level and also of the network of actors who make up the oppositional base to dam removal. The affective and emotional dimensions of the controversy, and also the attachment to local places, both of which are often crucial in the expression of opposition on the local scale, can be identified in the discourse. Yet, the discourse we have analysed reveals argumentative poles which translate both the opposition based on rational arguments and also an alternative vision of the development of rivers (heritage status, green and local power production). The oppositional argument which has been developed notably includes a discussion of the knowledge and scientific expertise upon which the process of dam removal is based. It also includes a critique of local consultation and decision-making methods.
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doi: 10.2495/wp120221
This paper discusses the development of a marine and coastal pollution training curriculum and learning materials for enhanced management level competence. Currently, the existing training programmes in this field embrace mostly specific subjects and target groups. For instance, short courses for rescue services, police and border guards as well as volunteers exist in the Baltic Sea region. Simultaneously, background studies brought out, that no comprehensive high level training curriculum covering this field exists in the countries of the region. The results of the analyses of pollution case reports demonstrated an urgent need for an extensive course programme, enabling the specialisation of marine and coastal pollution prevention, control and response. The curriculum was worked out on the basis of a Master’s Programme of the Estonian Academy of Security Sciences, being available also for students of other countries in the region. The study and development work were carried out within the framework of the Interreg IV A EnSaCo “Environment and Safety Management Cooperation on Shoreline Oil Spill Response”. This curriculum is designed to utilise the unified competence of several research and development institutions as well as civil services and foreign experts. The essential endeavours of the developed course are a proportional coverage of all the steps of pollution management, and a balanced approach to coastal and marine pollution subjects.
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citations | 0 | |
popularity | Average | |
influence | Average | |
impulse | Average |
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