Nous avons déterminé par diffusion de rayons X le potentiel d'interaction entre deux bicouches, une première adsorbée sur un substrat solide et une deuxième flottant à proximité. Nous montrons que les interactions dans ces systèmes fortement hydratés sont deux ordres de grandeur plus faibles que dans les travaux précédents menés sur des phases multilamellaires. Cette caractéristique est attribuée à la répulsion électrostatique due à la faible fraction de lipides ionisés. Nous avons de plus accès aux potentiels de répulsion entropique, et testons les différents modèles théoriques existants. Les effets d'un champ électrique sur les membranes ont également été étudiés. Nous montrons que le champ induit une tension négative et une rigidité positive, et mène à la déstabilisation d'une bicouche supportée sous certaines conditions. Finalement, nous mesurons les propriétés de membranes chargées par diffusion de rayons X, nous permettant d'accéder aux limites de la théorie de Poisson-Boltzmann. We have determined by grazing incidence X-ray scattering the interaction potential between two lipid bilayers, one adsorbed on a solid surface and the other floating close by. We find that interactions in this highly hydrated system are two orders of magnitude softer than in previously reported work on multilayer stacks. This is attributed to the weak electrostatic repulsion due to the small fraction of ionized lipids in defectless supported bilayers. We also access the entropic repulsion potentials, allowing us to discriminate between the different existing models. The effects of an electric field on the properties of membranes have also been studied. We show that the field induces a negative tension and an increase of the rigidity. We also show that it is possible to destabilize a supported bilayer by an electric field under certain conditions. Finally, we measure the properties of charged membranes using X-ray scattering, giving access to the limits of the Poisson-Boltzmann theory.
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Recent results concerning the topological properties of random geometrical sets have been successfully applied to the study of the morphology of clusters in percolation theory. We present here new results about the behaviour of the Euler characteristic of the clusters of the (Fortuin--Kasteleyn) random cluster measure.
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handle: 11025/8201
This thesis deals with Mother-goddesses in the Sumerian pantheon of gods and their roles, cults and status during sumerian-akkadian period. Práce se zabývá bohyněmi-matkami v sumerském panteonu bohů, jejich rolí, kultem a postavením. Katedra blízkovýchodních studií Obhájeno
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handle: 10613/7647
https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/7647/Feb18-1915.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y
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Uno de los objetivos claves de la gestión de pavimentos es desarrollar e implementar una estrategia de construcción y mantenimiento rentables, con el fin de alcanzar niveles requeridos de servicio y desempeño. Una técnica rentable y sustentable para la rehabilitación de pavimentos es la de estabilización o reciclado con asfalto espumado (AE). Este artículo presenta un estudio sobre el desempeño de pavimentos estabilizados con asfalto espumado en el Canterbury Accelerated Pavement Testing Indoor Facility CAPTIF. CAPTIF es un laboratorio a escala real para pavimentos ubicado en Nueva Zelandia, que permite aplicar un gran número de cargas de tráfico en un breve período de tiempo. Seis secciones de pavimentos con distintos contenidos de asfalto y cemento fueron ensayadas en CAPTIF. Los resultados del experimento mostraron que las deflexiones disminuyen en las secciones con mayor contenido de asfalto espumado. Luego de aplicar más de un millón de ciclos de carga, las secciones estabilizadas sólo con cemento, sólo con asfalto y la sección sin estabilizar mostraron un deterioro significativo en forma de ahuellamiento. Por otro lado, las secciones que fueron estabilizadas con AE y cemento mostraron un buen desempeño, demostrando que el cemento y el AE juntos mejoran significativamente el desempeño del pavimento. Los resultados de ahuellamiento fueron empleados para desarrollar modelos y describir el deterioro estable y acelerado de los pavimentos en estudio, lo que puede ser utilizado para una mejor gestión de los pavimentos estabilizados con asfalto espumado.
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En intervjustudie med elever på gymnasieskolan om vad som kännetecknar en bra lärare och hur teaterns verktyg kan främja dessa egenskaper. An interview study of high school students about what makes a good teacher and how the theatre's tools can promote these qualities.
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handle: 10216/113327
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Pas de résumé disponible No abstract available.
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Ma recherche porte sur le bâti situé à l’étage subalpin dans le massif du Mercantour (Alpes françaises). Ces constructions, essentiellement liées à l’agropastoralisme estival, sont une traduction matérielle de l’occupation et de l’exploitation de la montagne par les communautés humaines durant le second millénaire de notre ère. L’approche met ici à contribution la dendrochronologie et l’archéologie des élévations dans une démarche interdisciplinaire. L’étude archéologique de 90 bâtiments, dont les pièces de bois ont fourni 541 dates dendrochronologiques, apporte des données nouvelles sur l’histoire de ces constructions, dont les plus anciens témoins remontent au milieu du XII siècle et qui perdurent jusqu’au début du XX siècle. Les reconstructions et les remaniements fréquents de ces édifices mettent en exergue une économie des matières premières dans laquelle les pièces de mélèze, espèce locale majoritairement mise en oeuvre, sont constamment réemployées à chaque chantier de construction ou de reconstruction. Les longues chronologies de cernes, construites au cours de cette recherche, couvrent la quasi totalité du deuxième millénaire, contribuent à épaissir le référentiel dendrochronologique du mélèze dans les Alpes du Sud et fournissent de nouveaux éléments de connaissance sur les rapports qu’entretiennent les communautés humaines montagnardes avec la ressource forestière environnante. My research focuses on the building located in the subalpine zone in the French Mercantour Massif (French Alps). These constructions, essentially related to summer agropastoralism, are the material expression of the occupation and exploitation of the mountain by the human communitiesduring the second millenium of our era. The present approach has called upon dendrochronology and the building archeology in an interdisciplinary project. The study of 90 buildings whose woodwork has provided 541 dendrochronological dates, brings new data on the history of these constructions. The earliest ones dated back to the middle of the 12th century and were still standing in the early 20th century. Reconstructions and frequent renovations have underlined an economy of raw materials, among which pieces of larch (the main local tree and therefore mostly used), that were used all over again on each building or renovation site. The long chronologies of tree rings established during this present research have enhanced the importance of the master chronology of the larch in the southern Alps and provide new knowledge on the relationship between the mountain human groups and their surrounding forest resources.
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Nous avons déterminé par diffusion de rayons X le potentiel d'interaction entre deux bicouches, une première adsorbée sur un substrat solide et une deuxième flottant à proximité. Nous montrons que les interactions dans ces systèmes fortement hydratés sont deux ordres de grandeur plus faibles que dans les travaux précédents menés sur des phases multilamellaires. Cette caractéristique est attribuée à la répulsion électrostatique due à la faible fraction de lipides ionisés. Nous avons de plus accès aux potentiels de répulsion entropique, et testons les différents modèles théoriques existants. Les effets d'un champ électrique sur les membranes ont également été étudiés. Nous montrons que le champ induit une tension négative et une rigidité positive, et mène à la déstabilisation d'une bicouche supportée sous certaines conditions. Finalement, nous mesurons les propriétés de membranes chargées par diffusion de rayons X, nous permettant d'accéder aux limites de la théorie de Poisson-Boltzmann. We have determined by grazing incidence X-ray scattering the interaction potential between two lipid bilayers, one adsorbed on a solid surface and the other floating close by. We find that interactions in this highly hydrated system are two orders of magnitude softer than in previously reported work on multilayer stacks. This is attributed to the weak electrostatic repulsion due to the small fraction of ionized lipids in defectless supported bilayers. We also access the entropic repulsion potentials, allowing us to discriminate between the different existing models. The effects of an electric field on the properties of membranes have also been studied. We show that the field induces a negative tension and an increase of the rigidity. We also show that it is possible to destabilize a supported bilayer by an electric field under certain conditions. Finally, we measure the properties of charged membranes using X-ray scattering, giving access to the limits of the Poisson-Boltzmann theory.
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Recent results concerning the topological properties of random geometrical sets have been successfully applied to the study of the morphology of clusters in percolation theory. We present here new results about the behaviour of the Euler characteristic of the clusters of the (Fortuin--Kasteleyn) random cluster measure.
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handle: 11025/8201
This thesis deals with Mother-goddesses in the Sumerian pantheon of gods and their roles, cults and status during sumerian-akkadian period. Práce se zabývá bohyněmi-matkami v sumerském panteonu bohů, jejich rolí, kultem a postavením. Katedra blízkovýchodních studií Obhájeno
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handle: 10613/7647
https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/7647/Feb18-1915.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y
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Uno de los objetivos claves de la gestión de pavimentos es desarrollar e implementar una estrategia de construcción y mantenimiento rentables, con el fin de alcanzar niveles requeridos de servicio y desempeño. Una técnica rentable y sustentable para la rehabilitación de pavimentos es la de estabilización o reciclado con asfalto espumado (AE). Este artículo presenta un estudio sobre el desempeño de pavimentos estabilizados con asfalto espumado en el Canterbury Accelerated Pavement Testing Indoor Facility CAPTIF. CAPTIF es un laboratorio a escala real para pavimentos ubicado en Nueva Zelandia, que permite aplicar un gran número de cargas de tráfico en un breve período de tiempo. Seis secciones de pavimentos con distintos contenidos de asfalto y cemento fueron ensayadas en CAPTIF. Los resultados del experimento mostraron que las deflexiones disminuyen en las secciones con mayor contenido de asfalto espumado. Luego de aplicar más de un millón de ciclos de carga, las secciones estabilizadas sólo con cemento, sólo con asfalto y la sección sin estabilizar mostraron un deterioro significativo en forma de ahuellamiento. Por otro lado, las secciones que fueron estabilizadas con AE y cemento mostraron un buen desempeño, demostrando que el cemento y el AE juntos mejoran significativamente el desempeño del pavimento. Los resultados de ahuellamiento fueron empleados para desarrollar modelos y describir el deterioro estable y acelerado de los pavimentos en estudio, lo que puede ser utilizado para una mejor gestión de los pavimentos estabilizados con asfalto espumado.
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En intervjustudie med elever på gymnasieskolan om vad som kännetecknar en bra lärare och hur teaterns verktyg kan främja dessa egenskaper. An interview study of high school students about what makes a good teacher and how the theatre's tools can promote these qualities.
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