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Texte publié dans la rubrique "Zoom sur la recherche" du site Internet du CERDI; Why don't politicians solve undesirable problems? One reason is that politicians may be induced not to solve the problems in order to keep an electoral advantage. This article shows that, if the politicians’ career depends on the problems they can solve with competence, the reforms they will implement will result from the trade-off between reputation and the need to keep enemies alive.; Pourquoi les politiciens ne résolvent-ils pas les problèmes socialement indésirables ? Une des raisons est que des politiciens peuvent être incités à ne pas résoudre les problèmes afin de conserver un avantage électoral. Cet article montre que, si la carrière des politiciens dépend des problèmes sociaux qu’ils savent résoudre avec compétence, les réformes qu’ils mettront en œuvre résulteront de l’arbitrage entre la réputation et la nécessité de garder les ennemis en vie.

ACTA TECHNICA NAPOCENSIS ELECTRONICA-TELECOMUNICATII (ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS) Journal, Volume 54, Number 2, pp.24-27

During recent years, Autonomous vehicles are considered one of the most important technology used in transportation, Several companies are racing to put self-driving vehicles on the road by 2020 like Uber for instance. Self-driving cars, autonomous car, driver-less cars - different names with common objectives, by using the new technologies such as machine learning and deep learning, we can achieve the objectives of self-driving cars among which we find improving access (all users despite the age, localization ,..), increasing efficiency (the productivity in time of driving), and providing optimal safety while rolling which is considered as the most important mission to achieve. In this article, we defined the terminology related to autonomous vehicles, as well as levels of automation. Afterwards, we studied one the main tasks of autonomous vehicles perception, which various scenarios of driven for hardware configuration design in autonomous vehicles and compared these scenarios. Various parameters are chosen to have a relative comparison among different scenario. Moreover, challenges and future research directions are also discussed in this article.

Poster; no abstract

135018 / 135019

In regional flood frequency analysis, the commonly used index-flood method assumes that the frequency distribution of flood peaks for different sites in an homogeneous region is the same, provided that the discharge series are rescaled using a site-specific scale factor. This scale factor (index flood) is subsequently related to catchment characteristics to permit estimation of flood quantiles at ungauged sites within the region. In this work, a Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) approach is used to jointly estimate the parameters of the flood frequency distribution and the parameters relating them to catchment characteristics. The Bayesian approach allows accounting for the uncertainty associated to the estimated parameters and associating confidence intervals to the estimated flood frequency curves at ungauged sites. The consistency of the computed confidence intervals is verified through simulations of artificial sets of samples by counting in how many cases the quantile confidence interval includes the underlying parent flood frequency distribution. The limits of the method and its robustness when it is used on heterogeneous regions are checked simulating sets of samples characterized by different degree of heterogeneity, both in terms of the relation of the index-flood to catchment characteristics and in terms of variability of the underlying parent distribution.

Cycle de conférences "Réfléchir après 2015…" (Université de Lyon/UMR5206 Triangle); Conférence dans le cadre des conférences "Réfléchir après..." (Université de Lyon / Laboratoire Triangle)

Compte-Rendu

RAPPORT DE SYNTHESE

Ce rapport constitue l'un des livrables finaux de l'action de recherche INRETS/CSTB «Impact et Modélisation du Trafic Urbain au sein des Maquettes numériques». Il s'agit d'un document de méthode décrivant les deux actions de couplage suivantes : (i) calculer à partir d'une simulation du trafic les consommations énergétiques des véhicules et (ii) intégrer les interactions entre les piétons et les véhicules (phénomène de traversée) dans le modèle de trafic sous-jacent à la plateforme de simulation Symuvia. Pour chacune des deux études est proposée une courte bibliographie, l'identification des verrous scientifiques, les types de résultats pouvant être obtenus, une première proposition de couplage en utilisant les travaux bibliographiques existants et l'identification des partenaires pouvant permettre de progresser sur les deux thèmes envisagés. RAPPORT DE CONTRAT