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In 2009, Damian Walford Davies called for a counterfactual turn in Romantic studies, a move reflective of a wider growth of critical interest in the relationship between Romanticism and counterfactual historiography. In contrast to these more recent developments, the lives of the Romantics have provided a consistent source of speculation for authors of popular alternate history since the nineteenth century. Yet the aims of alternate history as a genre differ markedly from those of its more scholarly cousin, counterfactual historiography. How, then, might such works fit in to the proposed counterfactual turn? This article makes a case for the critical as well as the creative value of alternate histories featuring the Romantics. By exploring how these narratives differ from works of counterfactual historiography, it seeks to explain why the Romantics continue to inspire authors of alternate history and to illuminate the forking paths that Davies's counterfactual turn might take.

“[W]hat if they gave an apocalypse and nobody noticed?” was the question that Brooks Landon (1991, 239) proposed as the central thematic concern of the 1980s cyberpunk – a movement which today represents a landmark in the development of the science fiction genre. Diverse as they are in their focus and scope, the contributions to this issue of ELOPE, dedicated to the position and role of speculative fiction, and especially science fiction, in a world which is increasingly becoming speculative and science fictional, invariably demonstrate that an apocalypse did indeed take place and went by largely unnoticed.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate food taste, smell, and characteristics from consumers’ online reviews. Several studies in food sensory evaluation have been presented for consumer acceptance. However, these studies need taste descriptive word lexicon, and they are not suitable for analyzing large number of evaluators to predict consumer acceptance. In this paper, an automated text analysis method for food evaluation is presented to analyze and compare recently introduced two jjampong ramen types (mixed seafood noodles). To avoid building a sensory word lexicon, consumers’ reviews are collected from SNS. Then, by training word embedding model with acquired reviews, words in the large amount of review text are converted into vectors. Based on these words represented as vectors, inference is performed to evaluate taste and smell of two jjampong ramen types. Finally, the reliability and merits of the proposed food evaluation method are confirmed by a comparison with the results from an actual consumer preference taste evaluation.

O texto reflete sobre a reiteração do fenômeno do clientelismo na história política brasileira. Discute-se de forma crítica com a historiografia a aparente duração alargada desse fenômeno desde o período colonial à história republicana. O ponto fundamental, não obstante, é a percepção do que ao longo do tempo vai se diferenciando nessas relações, de maneira que preserve o essencial de sua função política ante um contexto político, social e econômico marcadamente assimétrico. Duas dimensões de análise, por fim, são sugeridas para se acompanhar essa diferenciação do fenômeno clientelístico ao longo do tempo, as formas da racionalidade econômica e da cultura política.

THE PRINTED RECORDS for even the commonest nonce words are not easy to locate. The difficulty is not that they do not get into print frequently, but that the attention lags, unless we set out to make a specific capture. The notation of any word-genre which depends upon desultory annotation is likely to be haphazard. Nevertheless, even fitful recognitions will accumulate eventually to a partial collection of substitutes for' a normal and traditional word. We all are aware that money has many names. A dozen popular terms will come to mind \vithout effort. Such words persist often for a long time; others live but briefly. Fashions change, and words, like men, have their day. For example, rhino, of unknown English origin, noted in 1688, continued in America at least until 1843. (See Robert Carlton, The New Purchase, N. Y., 1843, I I, 175: High learning became as popular as common schools ... It brought the rhino!). The word seems to have no record in this century. The following list of substitutes for money has grown from a sporadic reading-list, which is made up particularly from books which appeared in the last five years. Their character is decidedly popular, because the volumes were chosen deliberately as likely sources for the kind of language which,' otherwise, might not find its way into print. Even so, the laggard eye missed, no doubt, many illustrations of substitute terms, particularly, since its search had been directed to other kinds of phraseology, as well. A few words have no recent annotation, not because they have no record, but because the compiler has only heard them and has not noted their specific appearance. The contribution's value lies in its partial record of slang expressions in use during the last half dozen years. 1 Alfalfa. See Hay. Noted orally within the last decade. Alnperes. John O'Hara, Hope of Heaven, Bantam Books, N. Y., 1956. (Original edition, Harcourt Brace, N. Y., 1938), p. 13.

Bu araştırmada, Türk televizyonlarında yayınlanan çizgi filmlerin ilköğretim (4., 5. ve 6. sınıf öğrencileri) öğrencilerinin toplumsallaşma süreci üzerine etkilerinin analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Tez çalışması için betimleyici ve tanımlayıcı araştırma yöntemlerinden ?tarama modeli? uygulanmıştır. Geliştirilen ölçek ile derlenen verilerin değerlendirildiği araştırmada örneklem ?Küme Örneklemesi? yönteminin ?Basit Seçkisiz Örnekleme? türüyle belirlenmiştir.Ölçek uygulama çalışması, Ankara'daki 9 merkez ilçedeki ilköğretim okulları arasından rastlantısal olarak seçilen 18 okulda yapılmıştır. Ölçek geliştirmesinde; Açıklayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) kapsamında 572 kişi ile; Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) kapsamında 350 kişi ile uygulama gerçekleştirilmiştir.Araştırma çerçevesinde veri elde etmek için ölçek 150 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Değişkenlerin nitelikleri değerlendirilerek t-testi, varyans analizi (anova), Kruskal Wallis H Testi ve Mann-Whitney U Testi yapılmıştır.Araştırmada, Televizyonda canlandırma film izleme saatleri arasında toplumsallaşma ölçek puanı açısından anlamlı bir farklılık görülmemiştir (p>0,05). Araştırmaya katılan çocukların sınıf düzeyleri arasında toplumsallaşma ölçeği puanı açısından anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Araştırmaya katılan çocukların ivailelerinin gelir grupları arasında toplumsallaşma ölçeği puanı açısından anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Canlandırma filmlerin teknik özelliklerine ilişkin yürütülen çalışmada örneklemdeki 136 öğrenciye açık uçlu sorular yöneltilmiştir. Verilerin yorumlanmasında frekans (f) ve yüzde (%), değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Uygulama sonucunda ilköğretim öğrencilerinin izledikleri çizgi filmleri seçimlerinde yapımların grafik tasarıma ilişkin özelliklerinin etkili olduğu görülmüştür.Tez çalışmasında TV'de yayınlanan canlandırmaların yapımların ilköğretim öğrencilerinin toplumsallaşma sürecine kısmi etkisi olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Canlandırma, çizgi film, kitle iletişim, televizyon, toplumsallaşma, grafik eğitimi The purpose of this work is analyzing the effects of animated cartoons to the socialization process of primary schools' students (4th, 5th and 6th grade) in Turkey. `Screening Model` which is one of the descriptive research methods was applied for the thesis. The research sample of the work which consists of the evaluation of the data gathered by the application of the developod scale was determined with `simple random sampling` type of `cluster sampling method`. The application of the study is carried out among fourth, fifth and sixth grade students of 18 randomly selected elementary schools situated in 9 central districts of Ankara Metropolitan Municipality. During the the scale development process, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) carried out with 572 students and ConfirmatoryFactor Analysis (CFA) carried out with 350 students.To obtain the data within the framework of the research the scale was applied with 150 students. By the evaluation of the variables it is decided to use t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis H test and Mann-Whitney U tests.In the study, between the hours of animation viewing there were no significant differences in terms of socialization scale score (p>0.05). There were no significant difference between children's grade levels groups in terms of the scale score (p> 0.05). viThere was a significant difference between children's families' income groups in terms of the scale score (p<0.05). In the context of the work carried out on animation films' technical specifications; 136 students were questioned with open ended questions . In the phase of interpretation of the data gathered in relation to the sub-problems of the research frequency (f) and percentage (%) values were calculated. As a result of the application it was seen that the choosing process of the cartoons watched by elementary school students is affected with their graphic design related technical specialities. As a result of the research it is concluded that the animated cartoons on TV have a partial effect on elementary school students' socialization process. Keywords: Animation, animated cartoon, mass media, television, socialization, graphics trainin 304

Abstract The work is devoted to research of vulcanization characteristics of mixtures and revealing of features of change of technological, dynamic and physical-mechanical properties of elastomers on the basis of isoprene rubber filled with carbon black N330 and boron nitride (BN). It has been established that with a gradual increase in the concentration of the inert filler BN a decrease in the curing rate by 33% and the density of the polymer cross-linking by 26% is observed, as well as an increase in the curing start time by almost 300% and the optimal curing time by 200%. At the same time, there is a 26% decrease in the "Payne effect", a 50% increase in the relative elongation at rupture and a 30% decrease in the tensile strength.

This article discusses, by reference to Scotland, the problems of codifying a mixed system of private law, presenting an outline of some parts in a draft civil code. A civil code must resolve divergence between Civil Law and Common Law concepts. Such divergence is demonstrated here by reference to the conceptual conflict between the Scots (Civil) law of error and the English (Common) law of misrepresentation. The article outlines how codified provisions in this area might be drafted. It discusses the German, French, Swiss and Austrian rules (the last being remarkably similar to Scots law), and offers possible Common Law and Civil Law-style codifications of the Scots law of error. As Scots statutes follow the Common Law drafting style, it is argued that they are unsuitable for comprehensive codification. A code in a Civilian style, on the other hand, requires the adoption of Civilian statutory interpretation, but as this is inconsistent with Scots legal culture, the final question raised is whether codification of Scots private law is desirable at all.

Recent measurements of top-quark properties at the Tevatron are presented. CDF uses data corresponding up to 9.0 fb^{-1} to measure the ratio R of the branching fractions B(t \rightarrow Wb) / B(t \rightarrow Wq), the branching fraction for top-quarks decaying into \tau leptons and the cross section for the production of an additional \gamma in t\bar{t} production. The results from all these measurements agree well with their respective Standard Model expectation. D0 uses 5.3 fb^{-1} of data to measure the t\bar{t} cross section as a function of the time. A time dependency would imply Lorentz invariance violation as implemented by the Standard Model extension. No time dependency is observed and D0 sets first limits in the top-quark sector for Lorentz invariance violation. D0 also determines indirectly the top quark width using the results of earlier measurements at D0. The measured top quark width is in agreement with the SM expectation and does not show any hints for new physics contributions. Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, To appear in Proceedings of Top 2012