Istraživali smo insekticidnu učinkovitost tri različita inertna prašiva: dinatrijev oktaborat tetrahidrat (DOT) i dijatomejsku zemlju (DZ) Celatom® Mn 51 primijenjenih kao prašivo i suspenzija i silika gel Sipernat® 50 S u obliku prašiva na Sitophilus oryzae (L.) te njihov utjecaj na smanjenje hektolitarske mase. Sipernat® 50 S bio najučinkovitije je prašivo s vrlo brzim inicijalnim djelovanjem. DZ i DOT imaju sličnu učinkovitost na S. oryzae. DOT je imao nisko inicijalno djelovanje, no nakon produženog izlaganja od 8., a osobito 21. dana, mortalitet je vrlo visok (100%), slično djelovanju DZ-a. Sličan slijed prašiva zabilježen je i kod utjecaja na smanjenje hektolitarske mase. Pri dozama od 200 i 500 ppm, najmanju razliku u hektolitarskoj masi u odnosu na hektolitarsku masu netretirane pšenice imao je DOT (-1,1 i -1,9 kg hl-1, kako slijedi), potom Celatom® MN 51 (-3,5 i -4,3 kg hl-1, kako slijedi) te Sipernat® 50 S (-5.2 i -5.5 kg hl-1, kako slijedi). Zbog takvog učinka na hektolitarsku masu pšenice, DOT pripada u skupinu s najslabijim negativnim učinkom na hektolitarsku masu i stoga je obećavajuće prašivo u suzbijanju štetnika na uskladištenoj pšenici

The article is devoted to the problem of gender inequality and gender discrimination against men by means of the legal regulation of the Family Code. As a result of the research it has been concluded by the author that the transformation of gender relations on the level of social-normative regulation should lead to the achievement of the actual, rather than formal, equality of the sexes in marriage and family relations. It has been stated that the concept of equability that provides equal opportunities for two partners should arise instead of traditionally disparate (matriarchal-tendentious and androcidarical) distribution of roles between men and women. Thus, the issue of social-gender status of men, which is offered or may be offered to them in a society where matriarchal-geterical type of gender differentiation is being replaced by the egalitarian type, arises from the social practice by itself; and gender analysis of the current family legislation of Ukraine allows responding it properly. It has been proved that the elimination of gender discrimination is a key imperative of regulation and institutionalization of family relations in conditions of the implementation of a package of measures, which provide for the long-term impact on society and its institutions. This will allow overcoming the matriarchal racism and sexism by women and will end a long period of gender inequality and injustice, when the male part of the Ukrainian population was subjected to the hidden gender discrimination through violations of social-normative parity of both sexes in the legal institutionalization of the family. The author believes that the strategic goal of gender relations’ transformation in the family and legal sphere lays in changing the culture of interaction between sexes, replacement of the hierarchy relationship by the partnership relationships, introduction of the values of peacefulness and life-creation as core values of well-educated androkratie in the social consciousness. Understanding that gender is not a basis for discrimination is the key to positive social transformation in every sphere of public life. More over, discrimination on all other grounds of social stratification (class, national, racial, political, cultural, etc.) in an egalitarian society is not only illegal, but also incompatible with the effective social morality.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a influência do disclosure ambiental negativo involuntário no retorno anormal dos setores com alto índice de poluição: Exploração, Refino, Minerais Metálicos, Papel e Celulose, e Siderurgia. Para atender ao objetivo proposto, utilizou-se a metodologia de estudo de evento, fundamentada na Hipótese do Mercado Eficiente. A amostra selecionada perfaz 29 eventos, contemplando o período de 2007 a 2012. Utilizou-se a estatística t de variâncias diferentes, bem como o teste de Wilcoxon para variáveis pareadas no intuito de detectar se a volatilidade do preço das ações antes do evento é estatisticamente diferente do preço das ações após a ocorrência do evento. Os resultados demonstraram que a divulgação dos impactos ambientais influenciou negativamente o preço e o retorno das ações, evidenciando a forma semiforte do mercado acionário brasileiro, ou seja, as informações publicamente disponíveis influencia de forma rápida e precisa no preço das ações. Observou-se também a reação negativa dos investidores até o terceiro dia após o evento para os setores de siderurgia e papel e celulose, e até o quarto dia após o evento para os setores de minerais metálicos, e exploração e refino. A partir desse período, o preço das ações e os retornos voltam à sua normalidade.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are the main transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) especially in developing countries like Pakistan. Hence it is mandatory to screen all blood donors for both important infections. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of HCV and HBV seropositivity among blood donors at Hyderabad, Pakistan. Material & Methods: Blood donations of 6 months period were studied to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV seropositivity. During the study period, a total of 2696 blood donors were screened for the presence of Anti-HCV and Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) using chromatographic immunoassay kit as recommended by the manufacturer. HBV and HCV positivity were the two research variable. As nominal data, these were analyzed as number and percentage. Results: A total of 2696 blood donation were collected during six month period from January 2012 to June 2012. The data revealed that 93 (3.45%) donors were positive for HCV and 49 (1.82) blood donors were positive for HBV. In addition, the prevalence of co-infection of HBV and HCV appeared very low in this study and only two (0.074%) donors were positive for both HCV and HBV. Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of the two main transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in our setup, it is mandatory to screen all blood donors for both these important infections and to adopt strict measures in selection of blood donors.

<p><em><strong>Conferencia dictada en el Hospital Infantil Lorencita Villegas de Santos por la doctora Inés Durana Samper.</strong></em></p><p>Considero un honor y un privilegio compartir con ustedes algunos de los retos de Enfermería Profesional en el campo pediátrico y de salud familiar comunitaria, para su liderazgo en el Hospital Infantil.</p><p>He dividido mi presentación en dos partes. En la primera hago una breve reflexión sobre la evolución y afloramiento de nuestros conocimientos inherentes al ejercicio de la enfermería clínica. En la segunda parte, me proyecto al futuro mostrando un nuevo perfil que confió encuentre eco en las generaciones jóvenes a quienes les corresponde hacer la transición en el siglo XXI.</p><p><strong>Evolución, Oportunidades y Retos</strong></p><p><strong></strong>En la actualidad y en especial al interior de enfermería hospitalaria se atravieza por una gran crisis, en valores, en asuntos económicos, en condiciones de trabajo y otros que merecen nuestra atención colegiada para su solución.</p><p>Para explicarla me atrevo a remontarme y analizar un proceso histórico documentado durante mis estudios para obtener el doctorado. Según Fridson, (1, 1970) sociológo dedicado al análisis de las profesiones, Enfermería y Medicina escogieron rutas diferentes para su desarrollo ocupacional. Medicina en la década del 30 y bajo los efectos de la gran depresión económica, desarrolló sus especialidades clínicas en base a la práctica surgida con el comienzo del internado rotando por los servicios tradicionales de medicina, cirugía, pediatría y obstetricia.</p><p>Esto contribuyó a que en el seno de los hospitales surgieran otras carreras como apoyo a esas especialidades, campo ocupado casi con exclusividad hasta entonces por· Enfermería; del fisiatra y neumólogo, se formaron las terapias; del patólogo las bacteriólogas. También la introducción de alta tecnología desarrolló una gama de asistentes. Es decir, el origen de las carreras paramédicas fué efecto de la profundidad en el conocimiento clínico y producto del avance de la tecnología científica...</p>

Efforts to delineate the mechanisms of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) during the past decade have focused on the primary cilium of renal tubular epithelia.1–3 The current consensus is that genes mutated in PKD code for proteins that somehow modulate the ciliary pathobiology. Similarly, the same issue arises in patients with nephronophthisis (NPH), a distinct cystic disease whereby mutations in NPHP1 , NPHP2 , and NPHP3 associate with tubular disruption and basement membrane thickening at the corticomedullary junction, leading consequentially to polyuria and salt wasting.4 These NPHP genes are expressed in the cilia located on the apical surface of the tubular epithelial cells. Thus, the prevailing hypothesis is that cilia act as mechanosensors responding to the flow of glomerular filtrate along the tubular lumen of the nephron. This sensor function results in signal transduction from the flow of Ca2+ as a result of the opening of cation channels formed in part by polycystins-1 and -2 transmembrane proteins that are affected by mutations in the autosomal dominant form of PKD (ADPKD),1–4 the net result being that abnormalities in ciliary function cause changes in epithelial cell signaling, polarity, proliferation, and fluid accumulation, ultimately resulting in cystogenesis. Despite this highly attractive notion, not all forms of cystic kidney disease have a cause that is unswervingly related to defects in cilium. In …

To the Editor:— For the past three years United States troops have been among us in this country, and among them have been medical units of both the Army and the Navy. Now, when the tide is receding and they are leaving our shores, this committee wishes to publish through your columns our feelings of gratitude and friendship to these our colleagues. Not only do we owe a very real debt of gratitude to those American women and men who, in our imminent danger, stood by the side of our own troops and saved this country and especially this state from Japanese invasion, but to our colleagues in the Medical Services we owe a special debt. This body, as its name implies, is concerned with postgraduate teachings—and the call for such teaching was increased, not diminished, by the war. Owing to shortages of our own members this was a matter