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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis , Thesis 2018 SpainUniversidad Politecnica de Cartagena Authors: Diana Niñirola Campoy;Diana Niñirola Campoy;doi: 10.31428/10317/6801
handle: 10317/6801
[ENG] The floating system is one of the easiest and cheapest hydroponic methods used to produce baby leaf vegetables, a product which has grown in popularity in recent years as a ready-to-eat vegetable included in salads or as a single products. The aim of this thesis was to assess the influence of three levels of aeration of the nutrient solution, the growing cycle or the application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on yield, on quality and on shelf life as a fresh-cut product of different species of baby leaf vegetables. In the experiments of aeration of the nutrient solution, three levels [no aeration (NA), low aeration (LA) or high aeration (HA)] were studied in three different species (purslane, watercress and lettuce). The study of three levels of aeration of the nutrient solution on the growth and quality of two cultivars of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) over four crop cycles showed that purslane exhibited little sensitivity to oxygen depletion in the rooting medium, since it was able to adapt to a gradual reduction in oxygen content. Under such conditions, purslane plants created an aerenchyma tissue that helped to maintain growth. Under conditions in which no aeration was provided, there was a slight decrease in plant growth. The final quality of the product was improved because leaf nitrate concentrations were reduced compared with the high aeration treatment, and the content of functional phytochemicals and chlorophyll contents were increased. The study of the effects of nutrient solution aeration and growing cycle (spring vs. winter) on yield, quality and on shelf life as a fresh-cut product of watercress (Nasturtium officinale R. Br.) showed that in the spring cycle, the plants had significantly higher yield and antioxidant capacity and lower specific leaf area, total root length, root diameter, length of 0 to 0.5 mm diameter root, and oxalate content than in the winter cycle. The absence of aeration increased the antioxidant capacity and vitamin C content in both cycles. Several adventitious roots developed exogenously from the watercress stem at the nodes as a morphological adaptation to oxygen depletion, particularly in NA conditions. The nitrate, oxalate, Ca2+, K+ contents, and microbial populations were affected by both the cycle and the aeration conditions. Hue angle of the leaves was affected by both the cycle and storage time, and chromaticity and lightness were affected by the three factors (cycle, aeration, and storage time). The global quality was significantly higher (7.8 over 9 points hedonic scale) in the spring cycle than in winter, the score reflecting their marketable value (7.0 over 9 points). The mild dehydration problems observed in the winter cycle that led to a slightly lower overall product quality that could be the result of the development of thinner leaves and also the differences in the respiration rates compared with the spring cycle. In general, the spring cycle led to higher productivity, antioxidant capacity, and Ca2+ and K+ contents and lower oxalate content. Aeration slightly affected the quality of the final product, the plants grown in non-aerated conditions being richer in vitamin C and antioxidants and with lower nitrate content. The study of the effects of nutrient solution aeration and growing cycle (autumn, winter and summer) on yield, quality, and on shelf life as a fresh-cut product of a red lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) showed that the specific leaf area was lowest in winter. Yield was affected only by the growing cycle, showing the highest value in autumn. Lack of aeration produced shorter total root length but did not affect the root diameter. The percentage of dry matter and the nitrate content were affected by growing cycle and aeration, total phenolics and mesophilic microorganism by both aeration and storage time, hue angle and chromacity by growing cycle and storage time, and antioxidant capacity, vitamin C, lightness and psychrophilic microorganisms were affected by all three factors. NA conditions increased the antioxidant capacity in summer and vitamin C content in winter. After 7 days of storage at 5 ºC, the antioxidant capacity, total phenolics, vitamin C and nitrate content decreased. The leaves were redder (higher Hue angle) in autumn and winter. The lowest mesophilic and psychrophilic count was observed in autumn. The last two chapters relate to the use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to improve the quality and yield of baby leaf vegetables grown in floating system. Regarding to the effect of application of two PGPR (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus velezensis) and two concentrations of nitrogen (4 and 12 mM) in the nutrient solution on yield, quality and nitrate content of two baby leaf lettuce cultivars the results showed that in both cultivars and crop cycles plant height was affected by the level of N and the PGPR application, while leaf area, fresh and dry weight were only affected by the level of N. The use of the nutrient solution containing 12 mM of nitrogen increased the accumulation of nitrate in leaves. The application of B. velezensis in the nutrient solution provoked a decrease of nitrate content in red lettuce leaves respect to control. Finally, root growth was not affected by neither nutritive solution nor bacterial inoculants in both cultivars. Finally, the study of the effect of applying a PGPR (Bacillus subtilis) on the yield, quality and safety of watercress considering two factors: substrate disinfection and inoculation with B. subtilis showed that substrate disinfection had a positive effect on plant development because it increased the shoot antioxidant capacity and general plant growth and decreased the colony-forming units of moulds. In turn, inoculation with B. subtilis increased the antioxidant capacity but decreased the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents and did not affect the rest of parameters measured. Programa de Doctorado en Técnicas Avanzadas en Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena Escuela Internacional de Doctorado
Recolector de Cienci... arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA; Tesis Doctorals en XarxaDoctoral thesis . 2015 . 2018Repositorio Digital de la Universidad Politécnica de CartagenaDoctoral thesis . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Recolector de Cienci... arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA; Tesis Doctorals en XarxaDoctoral thesis . 2015 . 2018Repositorio Digital de la Universidad Politécnica de CartagenaDoctoral thesis . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2019 Cyprus GreekΤμήμα Νοσηλευτικής, Σχολή Επιστημών Υγείας, Τεχνολογικό Πανεπιστήμιο Κύπρου Η Ελλάδα έχει χαρακτηριστεί ως χώρα ελεύθερης ελονοσίας από το 1974. Το 2011 όμως, στο Δήμο Ευρώτα Λακωνίας στη Νότια Ελλάδα, καταγράφηκε μία συρροή κρουσμάτων ελονοσίας P. vivax, με ενδείξεις εγχώριας μετάδοσης. Η παρουσία κουνουπιών του γένους ανωφελούς καθώς και μεταναστών από ενδημικές για την ελονοσία χώρες θεω-ρείται ότι συνέβαλε στην έναρξη της μετάδοσης της νόσου. Λόγω του κινδύνου επανεγκατά-στασης της νόσου στην περιοχή και με στόχο τη διακοπή της μετάδοσής της, αναπτύχθηκε και εφαρμόστηκε ένα πρόγραμμα ενισχυμένης επιτήρησης και Ενεργητικής Αναζήτησης Κρουσμάτων Ελονοσίας (ΕΑΚΕ) στους μετανάστες από ενδημικές για την ελονοσία χώρες. Completed
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2021 Cyprus EnglishCyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Faculty of Helath Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology Authors: Kyprianidou, Maria;Kyprianidou, Maria;Εισαγωγή: Η πολυνοσηρότητα ορίζεται ως η συνύπαρξη δύο ή περισσότερων χρόνιων ασθενειών. Καθώς το προσδόκιμο ζωής αυξάνεται, το ίδιο ισχύει και για τον επιπολασμό της πολυνοσηρότητας. Ο εντοπισμός των παραγόντων που σχετίζονται είτε με υψηλή είτε με χαμηλή πολυνοσηρότητα στον πληθυσμό είναι σημαντικός. Υπάρχουν περιορισμένες ενδείξεις σχετικά με τη συσχέτιση της Μεσογειακής διατροφής με την ύπαρξη πολυνοσηρότητας σε ένα άτομο. Οι στόχοι αυτής της διδακτορικής διατριβής ήταν: α) να εκτιμηθεί ο επιπολασμός της πολυνοσηρότητας στην Κύπρο και να εντοπιστούν οι πιο συχνές χρόνιες ασθένειες, β) να εξεταστεί η απήχηση της Μεσογειακής διατροφής στον ενήλικο γενικό πληθυσμό της Κύπρου και η σχέση της με την πολυνοσηρότητα, και γ) να υπολογιστεί η ποιότητα του ύπνου στην Κύπρο και να αξιολογηθεί η σχέση της με την πολυνοσηρότητα. Μέθοδοι: Η μελέτη ήταν συγχρονική και εφαρμόστηκε στρωματοποιημένη δειγματοληψία. Ένα αντιπροσωπευτικό δείγμα ατόμων άνω των 18 ετών ερευνήθηκε κατά την περίοδο 2018-2019 στις πέντε επαρχίες της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας που βρίσκονται υπό τον έλεγχο της Κυπριακής κυβέρνησης. Δημογραφικά στοιχεία, πληροφορίες για τη διατροφή, δεδομένα για την ποιότητα του ύπνου, το κάπνισμα και τη σωματική δραστηριότητα, καθώς και η παρουσία χρόνιων, κλινικών και ψυχικών ασθενειών συλλέχθηκαν χρησιμοποιώντας ένα επικυρωμένο ερωτηματολόγιο. Οι ασθένειες ταξινομήθηκαν σύμφωνα με τη διεθνή ταξινόμηση των ασθενειών, 10η αναθεώρηση (ICD-10). Αποτελέσματα: Η μέση ηλικία των 1140 συμμετεχόντων ήταν 41 ± 17 έτη, 56% από αυτούς ήταν γυναίκες, 76% ήταν κάτοικοι αστικής περιοχής, 54% ήταν παντρεμένοι, 64% είχαν ανώτερη εκπαίδευση και το 50% είχαν ετήσιο μέσο εισόδημα €6,500- €19,500. Ο τυποποιημένος ως προς την ηλικία και το φύλο επιπολασμός της πολυνοσηρότητας ήταν 28.6%. Η πολυνοσηρότητα σχετίζεται με την ηλικία (p <0.01), με το υψηλότερο ποσοστό να παρατηρείται σε άτομα ηλικίας 65 ετών και άνω (68.9%). Η πολυνοσηρότητα ήταν υψηλότερη στις γυναίκες παρά στους άνδρες (28.2% έναντι 22.5%, p <0.01), ενώ τα ποσοστά ήταν παρόμοια στις αστικές και στις αγροτικές περιοχές (26.4% έναντι 23.8%, p = 0.40). Οι πιο διαδεδομένες χρόνιες ασθένειες μεταξύ ατόμων με πολυνοσηρότητα ήταν η υπερλιπιδαιμία (44.7%), ακολουθούμενη από υπέρταση (37.5%), γαστρική παλινδρόμηση (23.9%) και ασθένειες του θυρεοειδούς (22.2%), ενώ οι πιο συνηθισμένοι συνδυασμοί ασθενειών ήταν στο κυκλοφορικό και ενδοκρινολογικό σύστημα. Το προφίλ του ατόμου με πολυνοσηρότητα δείχνει ένα άτομο μεγαλύτερης ηλικίας, με υψηλότερο δείκτη μάζας σώματος, που είναι καπνιστής και έχει υψηλότερο μισθό. Η μέση βαθμολογία της Μεσογειακής Διατροφής ήταν 15.5 ± 4.0 με τους άνδρες και τους κατοίκους των αγροτικών περιοχών να έχουν μεγαλύτερη συμμόρφωση στη Μεσογειακή Διατροφή σε σύγκριση με τις γυναίκες και τους κατοίκους των αστικών περιοχών, αντίστοιχα (p<0.05). Το να έχει ένα άτομο μεγαλύτερη συμμόρφωση στη Μεσογειακή Διατροφή σχετίζεται με χαμηλότερες πιθανότητες πολυνοσηρότητας και αυτό το αποτέλεσμα ήταν στατιστικά σημαντικό ακόμη και μετά την προσαρμογή των αποτελεσμάτων για την ηλικία, το φύλο, τις συνήθειες καπνίσματος και τη σωματική δραστηριότητα (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.99). Η μέση βαθμολογία ποιότητας ύπνου των συμμετεχόντων ήταν 5 (q1=3, q3=7) με τη μέγιστη βαθμολογία να είναι 17. Οι γυναίκες, οι κάτοικοι της Πάφου και οι παντρεμένοι είχαν χαμηλότερη ποιότητα ύπνου (p <0.05). Η καλύτερη ποιότητα ύπνου συσχετίστηκε με χαμηλότερες πιθανότητες πολυνοσηρότητας, ακόμη και μετά την προσαρμογή για δημογραφικούς και κοινωνικοοικονομικούς παράγοντες καθώς και τρόπο ζωής (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.55, 3.16). Συμπεράσματα: Περισσότερο από το ένα τέταρτο του γενικού πληθυσμού της Κύπρου έχει πολυνοσηρότητα και το ποσοστό αυτό είναι σχεδόν 70% μεταξύ των ατόμων άνω των 65 ετών. Η πολυνοσηρότητα είναι σχετικά συχνή ακόμη και σε νεότερες ηλικίες. Η συμμόρφωση στη Μεσογειακή διατροφή και η καλύτερη ποιότητα του ύπνου σχετίζονται με χαμηλότερο κίνδυνο πολυνοσηρότητας. Τα αποτελέσματα της μελέτης υπογραμμίζουν την ανάγκη για στρατηγικές πρόληψης και προγράμματα ευαισθητοποίησης για την υγεία για ολόκληρο τον πληθυσμό. Προγράμματα πρόληψης και οδηγίες πρακτικής δημόσιας υγείας στην Κύπρο και αλλού θα πρέπει να λάβουν υπόψη τα παραπάνω αποτελέσματα και θα πρέπει να αναπτυχθούν κατευθυντήριες γραμμές για τη δημόσια υγεία υπογραμμίζοντας τη σημασία της τήρησης της Μεσογειακής διατροφής και της καλής ποιότητας του ύπνου και της συσχέτισης τους με την πολυνοσηρότητα. Introduction: Multimorbidity is defined as the co-existence of two or more chronic conditions. As life expectancy is increasing so does the prevalence of multimorbidity. Identifying the factors associated with the presence of multimorbidity is important. Furthermore, limited evidence exists on the association of Mediterranean Diet or of quality of sleep with the development of multimorbidity in an individual. The aim of this PhD dissertation work was: a) to estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity in Cyprus and identify the most prevalent diseases; b) to evaluate the level of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in the adult general population of Cyprus and investigate its relationship with multimorbidity; and c) to assess the quality of sleep in Cyprus and examine its association with multimorbidity. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study and a stratified sampling procedure was implemented. A representative sample of individuals over 18 years old was surveyed during 2018-2019 in the five government-controlled municipalities of the Republic of Cyprus. Demographic data, dietary information, data on sleep quality, smoking, physical activity, stress, and quality of life, as well as the presence of chronic, clinical, and mental conditions were collected using a validated questionnaire. Diseases were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10). Results: The mean age of the n=1140 participants was 41 ± 17 years old, 56% of them were women, 76% lived in an urban area, 54% were married, 64% had completed a higher education, and 50% had a yearly average income in the range €6,500 - €19,500. The age and sex standardized prevalence of multimorbidity was 28.6%. Multimorbidity was associated with age (p<0.01), with the highest rate observed among people aged 65 years old or older (68.9%). Multimorbidity was higher in women than men (28.2% vs. 22.5%, p<0.01) but similar in urban and rural regions (26.4% vs. 23.8%, p=0.40). The most prevalent chronic diseases among people with multimorbidity were hyperlipidemia (44.7%), followed by hypertension (37.5%), gastric reflux (23.9%), and thyroid diseases (22.2%), while the most common combinations of diseases were in the circulatory and endocrine systems. The profile of the multimorbid individual indicated this to be a person at an older age, with a higher BMI, being a current smoker, and having a higher salary. The average Mediterranean Diet score was 15.5 ± 4.0 with men and residents of rural regions being more adherent to the Mediterranean Diet, compared to women and residents of urban regions, respectively (p<0.05). Being in the higher tertile of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was associated with lower odds of multimorbidity, compared to the lower tertile, and this result was statistically significant even after adjusting for age, sex, smoking habits, and physical activity (adjusted OR=0.68, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.99). The median Pittsburgh Sleep Quality score of the participants was 5 (q1=3, q3=7) with the maximum score being 17. Women, residents of Paphos, and married people had a poorer quality of sleep (p<0.05). Having a better quality of sleep was associated with lower odds of multimorbidity, even after adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors (adjusted OR=2.21, 95% CI: 1.55, 3.16). Conclusions: More than one quarter of the general population of Cyprus has multimorbidity, and this rate is almost 70% among the elderly, with multimorbidity being relatively common even in younger ages too. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and better quality of sleep were associated with lower risk of multimorbidity. The results of the study underline the need for prevention strategies and health awareness programs for the entire population, including in relation to dietary and sleeping habits. Prevention programs and public health guidelines in Cyprus and elsewhere should take these results into account and public health guidelines should be developed in regards to the importance of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and good quality of sleep, highlighting their association with multimorbidity. Further research on multimorbidity should be carried out, including in specific subgroups of the population. Completed
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis , Other literature type 2014 IrelandTechnological University Dublin Authors: Reilly, Aoife;Reilly, Aoife;The aim of this dissertation is to identify and assess the impact of macroeconomic and property variables on prime office rental levels. Data from seven diverse European cities was gathered from 2000 to 2014 and statistical analysis using econometric modelling was undertaken. The results unveil a number of relationships between the explanatory variables and prime office rents. In particular, the results highlight movements in the office vacancy rate and GDP as important variables impacting change in prime office rental levels while employment, interest rates and inflation play a less significant role. Results indicate that econometric modelling has a role to play in investment decision making and transnational studies such as this may prove useful for investment portfolio diversification. Like many social science econometric studies, a number of limitations are encountered such as the use of headline rents where effective rents would provide a more accurate reflection of the office market. This limitation is common to the majority of the studies in this area due to restrictions on data availability in the industry. The findings of the study should add to the existing body of knowledge on the subject area and prove useful to investors operating increasingly globalised portfolio strategies.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Thesis , Doctoral thesis 2020 SpainUniversidad Politecnica de Cartagena Authors: Laura Buendía Moreno;Laura Buendía Moreno;doi: 10.31428/10317/8827
handle: 10317/8827
[SPA] Esta tesis doctoral se presenta bajo la modalidad de compendio de publicaciones. España es uno de los principales países productores y exportadores de productos hortofrutícolas en la Unión Europea. Esto es en gran medida a la importancia que tiene este sector productivo en varias comunidades autónomas, donde tiene un puesto destacable la Región de Murcia. No obstante, este sector tiene que competir con otros países, sobre todo del arco Mediterráneo, donde pueden conseguir precios más bajos, aunque la calidad y seguridad de estos productos sea significativamente inferior. Por ello, es muy importante avanzar en la tecnología de envasado y conservación de frutas y hortalizas, para diferenciar todavía más la calidad y vida útil de estos productos frescos frente a la competencia, haciendo un especial hincapié en la mejora de su calidad microbiológica y organoléptica, y en su seguridad alimentaria. Estos productos frescos son altamente perecederos, cuya calidad puede disminuir rápidamente a medida que pasan los días, debido principalmente al desarrollo de la actividad microbiológica de bacterias y hongos, y en algunos casos, por la liberación de etileno, una hormona que fomenta la maduración de los frutos. La incorrecta manipulación postcosecha, como la ruptura de la cadena de frío o el uso de envases inadecuados, pueden dar como resultado grandes pérdidas económicas postcosecha debidas, sobre todo, al desarrollo de la microbiología típica alterante de estos productos. Además, se pueden encontrar microorganismos patógenos en frutas y verduras frescas, debido a que son productos que se consumen prácticamente sin procesar o solamente lavados. Esta microbiología patógena y alterante puede aparecer durante las etapas de recolección, postcosecha y conservación. Durante la manipulación postcosecha de las hortalizas frescas y antes del envasado, se lleva a cabo un tratamiento de descontaminación superficial utilizando agua clorada u otros agentes desinfectantes. Esta es la única etapa donde se puede reducir el número de microorganismos patógenos y causantes del deterioro de estos productos. Este lavado de descontaminación superficial, normalmente reduce la carga microbiana solamente en una unidad logarítmica. Además, como no se trabaja en ambiente ultralimpio, suele producirse una recontaminación de los productos, normalmente por hongos procedentes del aire y de las superficies de los equipos de manipulación. Por tanto, es interesante considerar un sistema de envasado que controle la proliferación de la carga microbiana en estos productos. Por ello tiene de gran interés el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías de envasado activo antimicrobiano que satisfagan las demandas de los consumidores en cuanto al uso de agentes antimicrobianos naturales y que mejoren, a su vez, la seguridad alimentaria. Los plásticos sintéticos son materiales muy empleados para la fabricación de envases para frutas y hortalizas, puesto que estos presentan buenas propiedades que contribuyen a la protección del alimento y permiten ver el mismo por su transparencia. Pero estos plásticos tienen el inconveniente de estar constituidos por polímeros no biodegradables derivados del petróleo. Esto implica que tienen una gran persistencia en la naturaleza, manteniendo sus características, durante varias décadas una vez que son vertidos, lo cual constituye un serio problema medioambiental. Como consecuencia de esta problemática medioambiental, el uso de envases de cartón corrugado se presenta como una alternativa importante al uso de plásticos, debido sobre todo a que tienen buenas propiedades mecánicas que se adaptan muy bien a los envases que se necesitan para la conservación y transporte de frutas y hortalizas frescas. Además, los envases de cartón son menos perjudiciales para el medio ambiente y más económicos que los plásticos. Los procedimientos habituales de envasado de este tipo de productos en cajas de cartón sin carácter activo, aunque se mantenga una temperatura y humedad relativa (HR) adecuada de conservación del producto, no permiten extender mucho la vida útil ni asegurar la ausencia de podredumbres ni de microorganismos patógenos. Esta es la razón por la que se propone una solución tecnológica avanzada de envase activo de cartón con el objetivo de poder alargar la vida útil de frutas y hortalizas frescas, y de mejorar su seguridad alimentaria. La solución que se propone consiste en el desarrollo de un envase activo de cartón que se caracteriza porque al menos una de sus caras internas posee un recubrimiento activo antimicrobiano que comprende una emulsión en base agua de un compuesto polimérico que incluye complejos de inclusión formados por ciclodextrinas (CDs) y aceites esenciales (AEs), y/o nanotubos de halloysita (HNT) con AEs, o componentes de éstos, o una mezcla de ambos. Las sustancias antimicrobianas que se proponen son AEs que pueden utilizarse solos, o mediante combinación de los mismos, los cuales se liberan por evaporación cuando el envase es almacenado en condiciones de elevada HR, ejerciendo su acción antimicrobiana sobre los microorganismos presentes en la superficie del producto envasado. En esta tesis se ha desarrollado y validado, a escala de planta piloto y a nivel industrial, un prototipo de envase activo de cartón con actividad antimicrobiana y de control de etileno, que incluye agentes naturales encapsulados, para el envasado a granel de tomates y pimientos frescos, aumentando su vida útil, la calidad y seguridad alimentaria Este tipo de envase desarrollado se ha evaluado como un sistema de envasado capaz de prolongar la vida útil de productos frescos, como son el tomate y el pimiento. La liberación controlada de los vapores de los AEs durante la conservación, a una determinada temperatura y HR, permite el control de la pérdida de la calidad de estos productos frescos debido a que los AEs ejercen una acción antimicrobiana impidiendo el desarrollo de microorganismos alterantes que provocan podredumbres en los frutos, además de obtener una mejora en la calidad sensorial. Durante la conservación de tomates y pimientos frescos se realizaron determinaciones microbiológicas, fisicoquímicas (sólidos solubles, pH y acidez titulable). También se estudió la firmeza de los frutos y su calidad sensorial, así como el porcentaje de frutos podridos y la determinación de residuos de AEs sobre la superficie del fruto, como en el envase. Durante todo el estudio se observó que los frutos almacenados en envases de cartón activo presentaron un menor porcentaje de frutos podridos con respecto a los frutos almacenados en envases de cartón no activo, al final de su vida útil. Produciéndose una reducción de hasta el 14% de frutos defectuosos envasados en cajas activas. Por otro lado, en cuanto a la calidad sensorial, los frutos mejor evaluados fueron aquellos que se envasaron en sistema activo frente a los que se envasaron en sistema no activo. Sin embargo, ni la calidad microbiológica ni fisicoquímica, del fruto, se vieron afectadas independientemente del tipo de envase estudiado. [ENG] This doctoral dissertation has been presented in the form of thesis by publication.Spain is one of the main producers and exporters of fruit and vegetables in the world. In fact, this sector has a high importance in the Region of Murcia and other places of Spain. Nevertheless, many other countries produce such horticultural products with lower prices and quality. In order to consolidate, and even improve, the actual situation of this sector it is necessary to preserve the product quality using advanced technologies of packaging and preservation extending the shelf life of these fresh products. Such advances may allow to obtain a more competitive product against the other producer countries. Furthermore, it is crucial to ensure the food safety, while ensuring the highest microbiological and organoleptic quality. Horticultural fresh products are highly perishable being their quality reduced during postharvest storage mostly due to microbial growth (mainly bacteria and fungi), and other physiological processes such related to senescence like the production and effects of ethylene, which is known as the ripening hormone. Nonadequate post-harvest techniques like inadequate refrigerated storage (e.g. not controlled relative humidity (HR), etc.) or inappropriate packaging, can result in high postharvest economic losses due to the microbial growth of spoilage microorganisms. Moreover, pathogenic microorganisms can be detected in fresh vegetables that are minimally processed. The origin of microbial crosscontamination may be originated during harvesting, post-harvesting or conservation periods. During postharvest handling of fresh vegetables before packaging, surface decontamination treatment is carried out using chlorinated water or other sanitizing agents. This processing stage is crucial to minimize microbial loads of the product. Such surface decontamination using sanitizing washings normally reduces microbial loads less than one logarithmic unit. In addition, since horticultural products are not usually processed under an ultra-clean environment, they are usually decontaminated with fungi from the air and the surfaces of the handling equipment. Accordingly, it is of high interest to develop a packaging system that controls the microbial growth in these products. In that sense, new active antimicrobial packaging technologies may control microbial growth of the contained product satisfying also the consumer demands since they are natural antimicrobial agents while ensuring the product food. Synthetic films have been widely used as packaging materials for fruit and vegetables since they have excellent properties that contribute to the protection of the food while ensuring a good transparency. Nevertheless, these films are non-biodegradable polymers derived from petroleum. These petroleum-derived polymers have a great persistence in nature maintaining their characteristics for several decades once they are discharged, constituting a serious environmental problem. Due to this problematic situation, corrugated cardboard packages are an interesting alternative because they have good mechanical properties, which are crucial for a proper storage and transport of the packaged food. Moreover, cardboard packages are environment-friendly and economical compared with plastic materials. Conventional cardboard boxes are not able to extend the shelf life of products as consequence of the control of microbial growth. Then, an emerging technology that allows the extension of the product shelf-life of fruit and vegetables using an active cardboard box coated with waterproof lacquers including nanoencapsulated antimicrobial compounds is here by studied. Essential oils (EOs), single or combined, have high antimicrobial properties. Encapsulation of EOs using cyclodextrins (CD) and/or nanotubes of halloysite (HNT) is incorporated in the lacquers of the active cardboard packages to extend the product shelf-life. Then, EOs are released from the CD by evaporation when the packaging is stored in conditions of high HR, exerting their antimicrobial activity on the microorganism present of the surface of the horticultural products packaged with this active packaging.. This Thesis has developed and optimized an active antimicrobial packaging at different scales (pilot plant and industrial) using a lacquer with the EOs-CD inclusion complex to preserve the quality of fresh tomatoes and peppers. This developed packaging type has been evaluated as a packaging system able to extend the shelf life of fresh horticultural products such as tomatoes and peppers. Controlled release of EOs vapours during storage at a specified temperature and HR allows the control of quality losses of these fresh products due to the antimicrobial activity of EOs reducing the growth of spoilage microorganisms, which are responsible of fruit rottenness. Overall, the product quality is better maintained with such proposed technology. Microbiological and physicochemical determinations (soluble solids, pH and treatable acidity) were made during the storage of fresh tomatoes and peppers. Firmness was also studied together with sensory quality and the decay incidence. Furthermore, residues of EOs were also studied during storage in the fruit surface as well as the remaining EOs in the packaging material. Throughout the study, products stored within the non-active cardboard packages showed a higher percentage of decay incidence compared to active cardboard packages during storage. On the other hand, samples packaged within the active system showed better sensory quality than those samples packaged with the non-active system. However, neither the microbiological quality nor the physicochemical quality of the products were affected regardless of the type of containers studied. Los artículos que componen la tesis son los siguientes: 1. Laura Buendía-Moreno, María Ros-Chumillas, Laura Navarro-Segura, María José Sánchez-Martínez, Sonia Soto-Jover, Vera Antolinos, Ginés Benito Martínez- Hernández, Antonio López-Gómez. 2019. Effects of an Active Cardboard Box Using Encapsulated Essential Oils on the Tomato Shelf Life. Food and Bioprocess Technology 12(9): 1548-1558, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-019-02311-0. 2. Laura Buendía-Moreno, Sonia Soto-Jover, María Ros Chumillas, Vera Antolinos- López, Laura Navarro-Segura, María José Sánchez-Martínez, Ginés Benito Martínez- Hernández, Antonio López-Gómez. 2019. An innovative active cardboard for box bulk packaging of fresh bell pepper extends its shelf life. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 3. Laura Buendía-Moreno, Sonia Soto-Jover, María Ros-Chumillas, Vera Antolinos, Laura Navarro-Segura, María José Sánchez-Martínez, Ginés Benito Martínez-Hernández, Antonio López-Gómez. 2019. Innovative cardboard active packaging with a coating including encapsulated essential oils to extend Cherry tomato shelf life. LWT-Food Science and Technology 116, 108584. https://doi.org/10.106/j.lwt.2019.108584. 4. Laura Buendía-Moreno, María José Sánchez-Martínez, Vera Antolinos, María Ros- Chumillas, Laura Navarro- Segura, Sonia Soto-Jover, Ginés Benito Martínez- Hernández, Antonio López-Gómez. 2019. Active cardboard box with a coating including essential oils entrapped within cyclodextrins and/or halloysite nanotubes. A case study for fresh tomato storage. Food Control 107, 106763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106763. Escuela Internacional de Doctorado de la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena Programa de Doctorado en Técnicas Avanzadas en Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario por la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2016 Cyprus GreekΤμήμα Πολυμέσων και Γραφικών Τεχνών, Σχολή Καλών και Εφαρμοσμένων Τεχνών, Τεχνολογικό Πανεπιστήμιο Κύπρου Η διατριβή εστιάζει στη σχέση μεταξύ αειφορίας, περιβάλλοντος και πολιτισμού στην εκπαίδευση, μέσα από δράσεις σε μουσεία. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, διερευνά τη διάχυση της Εκπαίδευσης για την Αειφόρο Ανάπτυξη μέσω της Μουσειακής Περιβαλλοντικής Εκπαίδευσης, δηλαδή μέσω της αξιοποίησης μουσείων για Περιβαλλοντική Εκπαίδευση. Πρόκειται για μια εκπαιδευτική δράση που, όπως η μελέτη τεκμηριώνει, συνάδει με τις αρχές της Εκπαίδευσης για την Αειφόρο Ανάπτυξη και ως εκ τούτου έχει τη δυνατότητα να προαγάγει την αειφορία μέσω της εκπαιδευτικής πράξης με ένα ολιστικό τρόπο, εντάσσοντας ισότιμα και τις πολιτισμικές πτυχές ανάμεσα στις άλλες. Το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο που καθοδηγεί και στηρίζει την παρούσα μελέτη συναπαρτίζεται από την Κριτική Θεωρία, την Κριτική Παιδαγωγική και την Κριτική Παιδαγωγική του Χώρου, με έμφαση στην τελευταία. Το ερευνητικό μέρος της μελέτης εστιάζει στην εξέταση της προαναφερθείσας εκπαιδευτικής δράσης υπό την οπτική γωνία των εκπαιδευτικών, οι οποίοι κατέχουν θέση κλειδί για την υλοποίηση των θεωριών και των πολιτικών στην πράξη. Ειδικότερα, η παρούσα διατριβή επικεντρώνεται στις πεποιθήσεις των εκπαιδευτικών για την αξιοποίηση μουσείων για Περιβαλλοντική Εκπαίδευση στο πλαίσιο της αειφορίας, στις πεποιθήσεις τους για τη σχέση μεταξύ πολιτισμού και αειφορίας, καθώς και στους παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν την πρόθεσή τους για επιλογή και αξιοποίηση της συγκεκριμένης εκπαιδευτικής δράσης. Μέσα από ποιοτική μεθοδολογία διερευνώνται τα τρία κύρια ερευνητικά ερωτήματα και το ένα υποερώτημα που καθοδήγησαν την παρούσα μελέτη. Το κύριο ερευνητικό εργαλείο αποτέλεσαν οι ημιδομημένες συνεντεύξεις που πραγματοποιήθηκαν με σαράντα εκπαιδευτικούς δημοτικής εκπαίδευσης. Στο πλαίσιο των συνεντεύξεων χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ακόμη τρία ερευνητικά εργαλεία: οι κάρτες ταξινόμησης, οι προσωπικές χαρτογραφήσεις εννοιών και το ερωτηματολόγιο. Όλα μαζί συγκέντρωσαν μια ευρεία γκάμα δεδομένων, τα οποία αναλύθηκαν με θεματική ανάλυση προκειμένου να δοθούν απαντήσεις στις υπό διερεύνηση πτυχές. Συγκεκριμένα, αναφορικά με τις απόψεις για την αξιοποίηση μουσείων για Περιβαλλοντική Εκπαίδευση, οι εκπαιδευτικοί παρουσιάστηκαν να απασχολούνται περισσότερο για την καταλληλότητα της φύσης και των μέσων του μουσειακού χώρου καθώς και για το είδος και το περιεχόμενο της μάθησης που συνδέονται με την εν λόγω εκπαιδευτική δράση. Για τις παραμέτρους αυτές οι συμμετέχοντες εξέφρασαν τόσο θετικές όσο και αρνητικές απόψεις, με τις πρώτες να υπερισχύουν των δεύτερων. Επίσης, οι συμμετέχοντες αντιμετώπισαν θετικά τη σχέση μεταξύ αειφορίας και Μουσειακής Περιβαλλοντικής Εκπαίδευσης καθώς και τη σχέση μεταξύ αειφορίας και πολιτισμού. Ανεξαρτήτως του είδους των απόψεων των εκπαιδευτικών, η διερεύνηση σκιαγράφησε μια αξιοσημείωτη ασυμφωνία μεταξύ των καταγεγραμμένων απόψεων και των αντίστοιχων πρακτικών. Για την προκύπτουσα ασυμφωνία φάνηκε πως ευθύνονται τόσο ενδογενείς όσο και εξωγενείς παράγοντες. Από τη μια εννοιολογικοί παράγοντες, όπως είναι οι στενές αντιλήψεις και τα ανθεκτικά στερεότυπα, και από την άλλη λειτουργικοί και πρακτικοί παράγοντες, όπως είναι οι πολιτικές, το αναλυτικό πρόγραμμα και το ωρολόγιο πρόγραμμα, η προετοιμασία που απαιτείται, το είδος και ο βαθμός καθοδήγησης και επιμόρφωσης, οι περιορισμοί του χώρου, η ύπαρξη ή όχι προσχεδιασμένου εκπαιδευτικού προγράμματος, ο βαθμός ενημέρωσης και το οικονομικό κόστος, φαίνεται να επιδρούν στην πρόθεση των εκπαιδευτικών για διάχυση της Εκπαίδευσης για την Αειφορία μέσω της Μουσειακής Περιβαλλοντικής Εκπαίδευσης. Επιδιώκοντας την αντιμετώπιση των παραπάνω προκλήσεων, η παρούσα μελέτη καταθέτει ολοκληρωμένες και πρακτικά εφαρμόσιμες προτάσεις, μέσω των οποίων ενημερώνονται πολιτικές και πρακτικές που σχετίζονται με πανεπιστημιακά ιδρύματα, Υπουργεία Παιδείας και μουσεία. Συμβάλλει έτσι στην τροποποίηση και επικαιροποίηση των υφιστάμενων πολιτικών αλλά και στη χάραξη νέων, οι οποίες με τη σειρά τους θα τροφοδοτήσουν τις αντίστοιχες πρακτικές, έτσι ώστε αυτές να είναι συμβατές με τις σύγχρονες θεωρίες περί αειφορίας, περιβάλλοντος και πολιτισμού στην εκπαίδευση. Μέλος επιτροπής (Πρόεδρος): Δρ. Αλεξάνδρα Μπούνια Μέλος επιτροπής:Δρ. Ειρήνη Νάκου Completed
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2017 Ireland EnglishDublin Institute of Technology Authors: Mariano, Carl Lawrence;Mariano, Carl Lawrence;doi: 10.21427/d72890
JavaScript programming language has been in existence for many years already and is one of the most widely known, if not, the most used front-end programming language in web development. However, JavaScript is still evolving and with the emergence of JavaScript Frameworks (JSF), there has been a major change in how developers develop software nowadays. Developers these days often use more than one framework in order to fulfil their job which has given rise to the problem for developers when it comes to choosing the right JavaScript framework to develop software which is partly due to the availability of countless numbers of JavaScript frameworks and libraries. Moreover, the use of JavaScript is getting more important for web development and thus, there has been major considerations done about the performance aspect of the JavaScript programming language. Thus, this work investigates current research regarding the comparison of JavaScript frameworks through the use of computer benchmarks. A benchmark reference application that simulates user events was developed which then incorporated the implementation of an application developed in each of the JavaScript frameworks chosen. In addition, software complexity metrics was introduced and experiments were conducted to measure these metrics. Overall, this research hopes to achieve a level of comparison which can further garner knowledge towards comparing JavaScript frameworks. Key words:
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2021 France FrenchHAL CCSD Authors: Benblidia, Mohammed Anis;Benblidia, Mohammed Anis;This thesis considers the energy efficiency of information and communication infrastructures in a smart grid - cloud system. It especially deals with communication networks and cloud data centers due to their high energy consumption, which confers them an important role in the network. The contributions of this thesis are implemented on the same framework integrating the smart grid, microgrid, cloud, data centers and users. Indeed, we have studied the interaction between the cloud data centers and the smart grid provider and we have proposed energy efficient power allocation solutions and an energy cost minimization scheme using two architectures: a smart grid-cloud architecture and a microgrid-cloud architecture. In addition, we paid close attention to execute user requests while ensuring a good quality of service in a fog-cloud architecture. In comparison with state-of-the-art works, the results of our contributions have shown that they respond to the identified challenges, particularly in terms of reducing carbon emissions and energy costs of cloud data centers.; Dans cette thèse, nous étudions l’efficacité énergétique des infrastructures informatiques dans un système smart grid – cloud. Nous nous intéressons plus particulièrement aux réseaux de communication et aux data centers du cloud. Nous nous focalisons sur ces derniers à cause de leur grande consommation d’énergie et du rôle vital qu’ils jouent dans un monde connecté en pleine expansion, les positionnant, ainsi, comme des éléments importants dans un système smart grid - cloud. De ce fait, les travaux de cette thèse s’inscrivent dans le cadre d’un seul framework intégrant le smart grid, le microgrid, le cloud, les data centers et les utilisateurs. Nous avons, en effet, étudié l’interaction entre les data centers du cloud et le fournisseur d’énergie du smart grid et nous avons proposé des solutions d’allocation d’énergie et de minimisation du coût d’énergie en utilisant deux architectures : (1) une architecture smart grid-cloud et (2) une architecture microgrid-cloud. Par ailleurs, nous avons porté une attention particulière à l’exécution des requêtes des utilisateurs tout en leur garantissant un niveau de qualité de service satisfaisant dans une architecture fog -cloud. En comparaison avec les travaux de l’état de l’art, les résultats de nos contributions ont montré qu’ils répondent aux enjeux identifiés, notamment en réduisant les émissions de gaz à effet de serre et le coût d’énergie des data centers.
HAL - Université de ... arrow_drop_down HAL - Université de technologie de Troyes (UTT)Doctoral thesis . 2021Data sources: HAL - Université de technologie de Troyes (UTT)All Research productsarrow_drop_down <script type="text/javascript"> <!-- document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>'); document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=od_____10147::281b41504e95dbd2719d68bd6e41359f&type=result"></script>'); --> </script>
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis , Thesis 2022 SpainUniversidad Politecnica de Cartagena Authors: Joaquín Solano Ramírez;Joaquín Solano Ramírez;doi: 10.31428/10317/11383
handle: 10317/11383
[SPA] La fricción es un fenómeno físico que afecta a todos los aspectos de la vida. Recientemente se ha descubierto que Da Vinci realizó estudios sobre fricción a finales del siglo XV, dando así, el comienzo de la tribología, pero estos estudios han pasado desapercibidos durante mucho tiempo. Ya en el siglo XVII el físico francés Amontons "redescubrió" la fricción. Después de seis siglos aún está siendo estudiada, y queda mucho recorrido para comprender el fenómeno físico por completo. La complejidad del problema está en las diferentes escalas del fenómeno, micróscopica y macroscópica. También es diferente el comportamiento de la fricción bajo condiciones estáticas y dinámicas. El fenómeno físico de la fricción es muy sensible a los valores de los parámetros definitorios, llegando a presentar comportamientos caóticos. Se han desarrollado diferentes modelos, que, con sus simplificaciones, son válidos para ciertos casos, aunque no existe, por el momento, una ley general de fricción. Se ha utilizado, en esta tesis, el método de redes para la resolución de varios casos de fricción seca, como son las superficies texturizadas y dopadas, en microescala y nanoescala, comprobando los efectos que estos tienen sobre la fricción. En el Capítulo 2 se ha hecho una revisión de las diferentes formulaciones del fenómeno de la fricción, de las superficies involucradas en el fenómeno y del planteamiento de los problemas que serán analizados en esta tesis. En el Capítulo 3 se ha revisado el método de cálculo que usa el programa NGSpice, se han obtenido las gráficas de error para los métodos numéricos empleados y, para concluir, se ha analizado la estabilidad del sistema mediante el uso de los exponentes de Lyapunov. El Capítulo 4 está centrado en el diseño de los diferentes modelos en red, así como las condiciones iniciales de cada problema. El código ha sido desarrollado con Octave para tener un proceso automatizado de escritura, que posteriormente, NGSpice leerá para poder obtener las corrientes y diferencias de potencial presentes en circuitos, mediante unas ecuaciones similares a las de fricción, y poder obtener la solución numérica del problema. En el Capítulo 5 se presentan los resultados de los diferentes modelos en red con los diferentes casos a los problemas planteados en el Capítulo 2. Los resultados obtenidos se han comparado con estudios realizados por otros investigadores, que han usado otros programas de cálculo, de este modo se ha podido comprobar la fiabilidad del método de redes. [ENG] Friction is a physical phenomenon that affects all aspects of life. It has recently been discovered that Da Vinci conducted friction studies in the late 15th century, thus giving rise to tribology, but these studies have long gone unnoticed. As early as the 17th century, the French physicist Amontons "rediscovered" friction. It has still been studied for six centuries, there is a long way to go to fully understand the physical phenomenon. The complexity of the problem lies in the different scales of the phenomenon, microscopic and macroscopic. The behavior of friction under static and dynamic conditions is also different. The physical phenomenon of friction is very sensitive to the values of the defining parameters, presenting chaotic behaviors. Different models have been developed, which, with their simplifications, are valid for certain cases, although there is currently no general law of friction. In this thesis, the network method has been used to solve several cases of dry friction, such as textured and doped surfaces, at the microscale and nanoscale and checking the effects that these have on friction. In Chapter 2 a review has been made of the different formulations of the friction phenomenon, of the surfaces involved in the phenomenon and of the approach to the problems that will be analyzed in this thesis. In Chapter 3 the calculation method used by the NGSpice program has been reviewed, the error graphs for the numerical methods used have been obtained and to conclude, the stability of the system has been analyzed by using the Lyapunov exponents. Chapter 4 is focused on the design of the different network models, as well as the initial conditions of each problem. The code has been developed with Octave to have an automated writing process, which NGSpice will later read in order to solve the circuits and obtain the numerical solution of the problem. In Chapter 5 the results of the different network models are presented with the different cases to the problems raised in Chapter 2. The results obtained have been compared with studies carried out by other researchers, with other calculation programs, in this way You have been able to verify the reliability of the networking method. Escuela Internacional de Doctorado de la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena Programa de Doctorado en Tecnologías Industriales
Recolector de Cienci... arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTADoctoral thesis . 2022Data sources: Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTARepositorio Digital de la Universidad Politécnica de CartagenaDoctoral thesis . 2022add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2022 IrelandTechnological University Dublin Authors: Herlihy, Richard;Herlihy, Richard;This study explores the impact of scrolling and dynamic pagination in long-form online documents on reader performance and reader experience. Previous research has produced mixed results, indicating no difference between modes, or a positive effect favouring scrolling. Recent advances in web standards have enabled simpler, dynamic, performant methods of pagination to tailor content responsively to any screen, meriting renewed study in this area. This paper uses one such method to load subsequent online news pages instantly without buffering. In an online browser experiment with 38 participants, an increase in reading speed in the scrolling mode was found at a level of significance. This follows previous research which has suggested that while a scrolling presentation style exacts extra demands on working memory capacity (WMC), many current web users have developed compensatory strategies and cognitive flexibility for navigating scrolling web documents.
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description Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis , Thesis 2018 SpainUniversidad Politecnica de Cartagena Authors: Diana Niñirola Campoy;Diana Niñirola Campoy;doi: 10.31428/10317/6801
handle: 10317/6801
[ENG] The floating system is one of the easiest and cheapest hydroponic methods used to produce baby leaf vegetables, a product which has grown in popularity in recent years as a ready-to-eat vegetable included in salads or as a single products. The aim of this thesis was to assess the influence of three levels of aeration of the nutrient solution, the growing cycle or the application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on yield, on quality and on shelf life as a fresh-cut product of different species of baby leaf vegetables. In the experiments of aeration of the nutrient solution, three levels [no aeration (NA), low aeration (LA) or high aeration (HA)] were studied in three different species (purslane, watercress and lettuce). The study of three levels of aeration of the nutrient solution on the growth and quality of two cultivars of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) over four crop cycles showed that purslane exhibited little sensitivity to oxygen depletion in the rooting medium, since it was able to adapt to a gradual reduction in oxygen content. Under such conditions, purslane plants created an aerenchyma tissue that helped to maintain growth. Under conditions in which no aeration was provided, there was a slight decrease in plant growth. The final quality of the product was improved because leaf nitrate concentrations were reduced compared with the high aeration treatment, and the content of functional phytochemicals and chlorophyll contents were increased. The study of the effects of nutrient solution aeration and growing cycle (spring vs. winter) on yield, quality and on shelf life as a fresh-cut product of watercress (Nasturtium officinale R. Br.) showed that in the spring cycle, the plants had significantly higher yield and antioxidant capacity and lower specific leaf area, total root length, root diameter, length of 0 to 0.5 mm diameter root, and oxalate content than in the winter cycle. The absence of aeration increased the antioxidant capacity and vitamin C content in both cycles. Several adventitious roots developed exogenously from the watercress stem at the nodes as a morphological adaptation to oxygen depletion, particularly in NA conditions. The nitrate, oxalate, Ca2+, K+ contents, and microbial populations were affected by both the cycle and the aeration conditions. Hue angle of the leaves was affected by both the cycle and storage time, and chromaticity and lightness were affected by the three factors (cycle, aeration, and storage time). The global quality was significantly higher (7.8 over 9 points hedonic scale) in the spring cycle than in winter, the score reflecting their marketable value (7.0 over 9 points). The mild dehydration problems observed in the winter cycle that led to a slightly lower overall product quality that could be the result of the development of thinner leaves and also the differences in the respiration rates compared with the spring cycle. In general, the spring cycle led to higher productivity, antioxidant capacity, and Ca2+ and K+ contents and lower oxalate content. Aeration slightly affected the quality of the final product, the plants grown in non-aerated conditions being richer in vitamin C and antioxidants and with lower nitrate content. The study of the effects of nutrient solution aeration and growing cycle (autumn, winter and summer) on yield, quality, and on shelf life as a fresh-cut product of a red lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) showed that the specific leaf area was lowest in winter. Yield was affected only by the growing cycle, showing the highest value in autumn. Lack of aeration produced shorter total root length but did not affect the root diameter. The percentage of dry matter and the nitrate content were affected by growing cycle and aeration, total phenolics and mesophilic microorganism by both aeration and storage time, hue angle and chromacity by growing cycle and storage time, and antioxidant capacity, vitamin C, lightness and psychrophilic microorganisms were affected by all three factors. NA conditions increased the antioxidant capacity in summer and vitamin C content in winter. After 7 days of storage at 5 ºC, the antioxidant capacity, total phenolics, vitamin C and nitrate content decreased. The leaves were redder (higher Hue angle) in autumn and winter. The lowest mesophilic and psychrophilic count was observed in autumn. The last two chapters relate to the use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to improve the quality and yield of baby leaf vegetables grown in floating system. Regarding to the effect of application of two PGPR (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus velezensis) and two concentrations of nitrogen (4 and 12 mM) in the nutrient solution on yield, quality and nitrate content of two baby leaf lettuce cultivars the results showed that in both cultivars and crop cycles plant height was affected by the level of N and the PGPR application, while leaf area, fresh and dry weight were only affected by the level of N. The use of the nutrient solution containing 12 mM of nitrogen increased the accumulation of nitrate in leaves. The application of B. velezensis in the nutrient solution provoked a decrease of nitrate content in red lettuce leaves respect to control. Finally, root growth was not affected by neither nutritive solution nor bacterial inoculants in both cultivars. Finally, the study of the effect of applying a PGPR (Bacillus subtilis) on the yield, quality and safety of watercress considering two factors: substrate disinfection and inoculation with B. subtilis showed that substrate disinfection had a positive effect on plant development because it increased the shoot antioxidant capacity and general plant growth and decreased the colony-forming units of moulds. In turn, inoculation with B. subtilis increased the antioxidant capacity but decreased the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid contents and did not affect the rest of parameters measured. Programa de Doctorado en Técnicas Avanzadas en Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena Escuela Internacional de Doctorado
Recolector de Cienci... arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA; Tesis Doctorals en XarxaDoctoral thesis . 2015 . 2018Repositorio Digital de la Universidad Politécnica de CartagenaDoctoral thesis . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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more_vert Recolector de Cienci... arrow_drop_down Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA; Tesis Doctorals en XarxaDoctoral thesis . 2015 . 2018Repositorio Digital de la Universidad Politécnica de CartagenaDoctoral thesis . 2015add ClaimPlease grant OpenAIRE to access and update your ORCID works.This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2019 Cyprus GreekΤμήμα Νοσηλευτικής, Σχολή Επιστημών Υγείας, Τεχνολογικό Πανεπιστήμιο Κύπρου Η Ελλάδα έχει χαρακτηριστεί ως χώρα ελεύθερης ελονοσίας από το 1974. Το 2011 όμως, στο Δήμο Ευρώτα Λακωνίας στη Νότια Ελλάδα, καταγράφηκε μία συρροή κρουσμάτων ελονοσίας P. vivax, με ενδείξεις εγχώριας μετάδοσης. Η παρουσία κουνουπιών του γένους ανωφελούς καθώς και μεταναστών από ενδημικές για την ελονοσία χώρες θεω-ρείται ότι συνέβαλε στην έναρξη της μετάδοσης της νόσου. Λόγω του κινδύνου επανεγκατά-στασης της νόσου στην περιοχή και με στόχο τη διακοπή της μετάδοσής της, αναπτύχθηκε και εφαρμόστηκε ένα πρόγραμμα ενισχυμένης επιτήρησης και Ενεργητικής Αναζήτησης Κρουσμάτων Ελονοσίας (ΕΑΚΕ) στους μετανάστες από ενδημικές για την ελονοσία χώρες. Completed
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2021 Cyprus EnglishCyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Faculty of Helath Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology Authors: Kyprianidou, Maria;Kyprianidou, Maria;Εισαγωγή: Η πολυνοσηρότητα ορίζεται ως η συνύπαρξη δύο ή περισσότερων χρόνιων ασθενειών. Καθώς το προσδόκιμο ζωής αυξάνεται, το ίδιο ισχύει και για τον επιπολασμό της πολυνοσηρότητας. Ο εντοπισμός των παραγόντων που σχετίζονται είτε με υψηλή είτε με χαμηλή πολυνοσηρότητα στον πληθυσμό είναι σημαντικός. Υπάρχουν περιορισμένες ενδείξεις σχετικά με τη συσχέτιση της Μεσογειακής διατροφής με την ύπαρξη πολυνοσηρότητας σε ένα άτομο. Οι στόχοι αυτής της διδακτορικής διατριβής ήταν: α) να εκτιμηθεί ο επιπολασμός της πολυνοσηρότητας στην Κύπρο και να εντοπιστούν οι πιο συχνές χρόνιες ασθένειες, β) να εξεταστεί η απήχηση της Μεσογειακής διατροφής στον ενήλικο γενικό πληθυσμό της Κύπρου και η σχέση της με την πολυνοσηρότητα, και γ) να υπολογιστεί η ποιότητα του ύπνου στην Κύπρο και να αξιολογηθεί η σχέση της με την πολυνοσηρότητα. Μέθοδοι: Η μελέτη ήταν συγχρονική και εφαρμόστηκε στρωματοποιημένη δειγματοληψία. Ένα αντιπροσωπευτικό δείγμα ατόμων άνω των 18 ετών ερευνήθηκε κατά την περίοδο 2018-2019 στις πέντε επαρχίες της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας που βρίσκονται υπό τον έλεγχο της Κυπριακής κυβέρνησης. Δημογραφικά στοιχεία, πληροφορίες για τη διατροφή, δεδομένα για την ποιότητα του ύπνου, το κάπνισμα και τη σωματική δραστηριότητα, καθώς και η παρουσία χρόνιων, κλινικών και ψυχικών ασθενειών συλλέχθηκαν χρησιμοποιώντας ένα επικυρωμένο ερωτηματολόγιο. Οι ασθένειες ταξινομήθηκαν σύμφωνα με τη διεθνή ταξινόμηση των ασθενειών, 10η αναθεώρηση (ICD-10). Αποτελέσματα: Η μέση ηλικία των 1140 συμμετεχόντων ήταν 41 ± 17 έτη, 56% από αυτούς ήταν γυναίκες, 76% ήταν κάτοικοι αστικής περιοχής, 54% ήταν παντρεμένοι, 64% είχαν ανώτερη εκπαίδευση και το 50% είχαν ετήσιο μέσο εισόδημα €6,500- €19,500. Ο τυποποιημένος ως προς την ηλικία και το φύλο επιπολασμός της πολυνοσηρότητας ήταν 28.6%. Η πολυνοσηρότητα σχετίζεται με την ηλικία (p <0.01), με το υψηλότερο ποσοστό να παρατηρείται σε άτομα ηλικίας 65 ετών και άνω (68.9%). Η πολυνοσηρότητα ήταν υψηλότερη στις γυναίκες παρά στους άνδρες (28.2% έναντι 22.5%, p <0.01), ενώ τα ποσοστά ήταν παρόμοια στις αστικές και στις αγροτικές περιοχές (26.4% έναντι 23.8%, p = 0.40). Οι πιο διαδεδομένες χρόνιες ασθένειες μεταξύ ατόμων με πολυνοσηρότητα ήταν η υπερλιπιδαιμία (44.7%), ακολουθούμενη από υπέρταση (37.5%), γαστρική παλινδρόμηση (23.9%) και ασθένειες του θυρεοειδούς (22.2%), ενώ οι πιο συνηθισμένοι συνδυασμοί ασθενειών ήταν στο κυκλοφορικό και ενδοκρινολογικό σύστημα. Το προφίλ του ατόμου με πολυνοσηρότητα δείχνει ένα άτομο μεγαλύτερης ηλικίας, με υψηλότερο δείκτη μάζας σώματος, που είναι καπνιστής και έχει υψηλότερο μισθό. Η μέση βαθμολογία της Μεσογειακής Διατροφής ήταν 15.5 ± 4.0 με τους άνδρες και τους κατοίκους των αγροτικών περιοχών να έχουν μεγαλύτερη συμμόρφωση στη Μεσογειακή Διατροφή σε σύγκριση με τις γυναίκες και τους κατοίκους των αστικών περιοχών, αντίστοιχα (p<0.05). Το να έχει ένα άτομο μεγαλύτερη συμμόρφωση στη Μεσογειακή Διατροφή σχετίζεται με χαμηλότερες πιθανότητες πολυνοσηρότητας και αυτό το αποτέλεσμα ήταν στατιστικά σημαντικό ακόμη και μετά την προσαρμογή των αποτελεσμάτων για την ηλικία, το φύλο, τις συνήθειες καπνίσματος και τη σωματική δραστηριότητα (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.99). Η μέση βαθμολογία ποιότητας ύπνου των συμμετεχόντων ήταν 5 (q1=3, q3=7) με τη μέγιστη βαθμολογία να είναι 17. Οι γυναίκες, οι κάτοικοι της Πάφου και οι παντρεμένοι είχαν χαμηλότερη ποιότητα ύπνου (p <0.05). Η καλύτερη ποιότητα ύπνου συσχετίστηκε με χαμηλότερες πιθανότητες πολυνοσηρότητας, ακόμη και μετά την προσαρμογή για δημογραφικούς και κοινωνικοοικονομικούς παράγοντες καθώς και τρόπο ζωής (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.55, 3.16). Συμπεράσματα: Περισσότερο από το ένα τέταρτο του γενικού πληθυσμού της Κύπρου έχει πολυνοσηρότητα και το ποσοστό αυτό είναι σχεδόν 70% μεταξύ των ατόμων άνω των 65 ετών. Η πολυνοσηρότητα είναι σχετικά συχνή ακόμη και σε νεότερες ηλικίες. Η συμμόρφωση στη Μεσογειακή διατροφή και η καλύτερη ποιότητα του ύπνου σχετίζονται με χαμηλότερο κίνδυνο πολυνοσηρότητας. Τα αποτελέσματα της μελέτης υπογραμμίζουν την ανάγκη για στρατηγικές πρόληψης και προγράμματα ευαισθητοποίησης για την υγεία για ολόκληρο τον πληθυσμό. Προγράμματα πρόληψης και οδηγίες πρακτικής δημόσιας υγείας στην Κύπρο και αλλού θα πρέπει να λάβουν υπόψη τα παραπάνω αποτελέσματα και θα πρέπει να αναπτυχθούν κατευθυντήριες γραμμές για τη δημόσια υγεία υπογραμμίζοντας τη σημασία της τήρησης της Μεσογειακής διατροφής και της καλής ποιότητας του ύπνου και της συσχέτισης τους με την πολυνοσηρότητα. Introduction: Multimorbidity is defined as the co-existence of two or more chronic conditions. As life expectancy is increasing so does the prevalence of multimorbidity. Identifying the factors associated with the presence of multimorbidity is important. Furthermore, limited evidence exists on the association of Mediterranean Diet or of quality of sleep with the development of multimorbidity in an individual. The aim of this PhD dissertation work was: a) to estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity in Cyprus and identify the most prevalent diseases; b) to evaluate the level of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in the adult general population of Cyprus and investigate its relationship with multimorbidity; and c) to assess the quality of sleep in Cyprus and examine its association with multimorbidity. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study and a stratified sampling procedure was implemented. A representative sample of individuals over 18 years old was surveyed during 2018-2019 in the five government-controlled municipalities of the Republic of Cyprus. Demographic data, dietary information, data on sleep quality, smoking, physical activity, stress, and quality of life, as well as the presence of chronic, clinical, and mental conditions were collected using a validated questionnaire. Diseases were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10). Results: The mean age of the n=1140 participants was 41 ± 17 years old, 56% of them were women, 76% lived in an urban area, 54% were married, 64% had completed a higher education, and 50% had a yearly average income in the range €6,500 - €19,500. The age and sex standardized prevalence of multimorbidity was 28.6%. Multimorbidity was associated with age (p<0.01), with the highest rate observed among people aged 65 years old or older (68.9%). Multimorbidity was higher in women than men (28.2% vs. 22.5%, p<0.01) but similar in urban and rural regions (26.4% vs. 23.8%, p=0.40). The most prevalent chronic diseases among people with multimorbidity were hyperlipidemia (44.7%), followed by hypertension (37.5%), gastric reflux (23.9%), and thyroid diseases (22.2%), while the most common combinations of diseases were in the circulatory and endocrine systems. The profile of the multimorbid individual indicated this to be a person at an older age, with a higher BMI, being a current smoker, and having a higher salary. The average Mediterranean Diet score was 15.5 ± 4.0 with men and residents of rural regions being more adherent to the Mediterranean Diet, compared to women and residents of urban regions, respectively (p<0.05). Being in the higher tertile of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was associated with lower odds of multimorbidity, compared to the lower tertile, and this result was statistically significant even after adjusting for age, sex, smoking habits, and physical activity (adjusted OR=0.68, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.99). The median Pittsburgh Sleep Quality score of the participants was 5 (q1=3, q3=7) with the maximum score being 17. Women, residents of Paphos, and married people had a poorer quality of sleep (p<0.05). Having a better quality of sleep was associated with lower odds of multimorbidity, even after adjusting for demographics, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors (adjusted OR=2.21, 95% CI: 1.55, 3.16). Conclusions: More than one quarter of the general population of Cyprus has multimorbidity, and this rate is almost 70% among the elderly, with multimorbidity being relatively common even in younger ages too. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and better quality of sleep were associated with lower risk of multimorbidity. The results of the study underline the need for prevention strategies and health awareness programs for the entire population, including in relation to dietary and sleeping habits. Prevention programs and public health guidelines in Cyprus and elsewhere should take these results into account and public health guidelines should be developed in regards to the importance of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and good quality of sleep, highlighting their association with multimorbidity. Further research on multimorbidity should be carried out, including in specific subgroups of the population. Completed
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis , Other literature type 2014 IrelandTechnological University Dublin Authors: Reilly, Aoife;Reilly, Aoife;The aim of this dissertation is to identify and assess the impact of macroeconomic and property variables on prime office rental levels. Data from seven diverse European cities was gathered from 2000 to 2014 and statistical analysis using econometric modelling was undertaken. The results unveil a number of relationships between the explanatory variables and prime office rents. In particular, the results highlight movements in the office vacancy rate and GDP as important variables impacting change in prime office rental levels while employment, interest rates and inflation play a less significant role. Results indicate that econometric modelling has a role to play in investment decision making and transnational studies such as this may prove useful for investment portfolio diversification. Like many social science econometric studies, a number of limitations are encountered such as the use of headline rents where effective rents would provide a more accurate reflection of the office market. This limitation is common to the majority of the studies in this area due to restrictions on data availability in the industry. The findings of the study should add to the existing body of knowledge on the subject area and prove useful to investors operating increasingly globalised portfolio strategies.
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Thesis , Doctoral thesis 2020 SpainUniversidad Politecnica de Cartagena Authors: Laura Buendía Moreno;Laura Buendía Moreno;doi: 10.31428/10317/8827
handle: 10317/8827
[SPA] Esta tesis doctoral se presenta bajo la modalidad de compendio de publicaciones. España es uno de los principales países productores y exportadores de productos hortofrutícolas en la Unión Europea. Esto es en gran medida a la importancia que tiene este sector productivo en varias comunidades autónomas, donde tiene un puesto destacable la Región de Murcia. No obstante, este sector tiene que competir con otros países, sobre todo del arco Mediterráneo, donde pueden conseguir precios más bajos, aunque la calidad y seguridad de estos productos sea significativamente inferior. Por ello, es muy importante avanzar en la tecnología de envasado y conservación de frutas y hortalizas, para diferenciar todavía más la calidad y vida útil de estos productos frescos frente a la competencia, haciendo un especial hincapié en la mejora de su calidad microbiológica y organoléptica, y en su seguridad alimentaria. Estos productos frescos son altamente perecederos, cuya calidad puede disminuir rápidamente a medida que pasan los días, debido principalmente al desarrollo de la actividad microbiológica de bacterias y hongos, y en algunos casos, por la liberación de etileno, una hormona que fomenta la maduración de los frutos. La incorrecta manipulación postcosecha, como la ruptura de la cadena de frío o el uso de envases inadecuados, pueden dar como resultado grandes pérdidas económicas postcosecha debidas, sobre todo, al desarrollo de la microbiología típica alterante de estos productos. Además, se pueden encontrar microorganismos patógenos en frutas y verduras frescas, debido a que son productos que se consumen prácticamente sin procesar o solamente lavados. Esta microbiología patógena y alterante puede aparecer durante las etapas de recolección, postcosecha y conservación. Durante la manipulación postcosecha de las hortalizas frescas y antes del envasado, se lleva a cabo un tratamiento de descontaminación superficial utilizando agua clorada u otros agentes desinfectantes. Esta es la única etapa donde se puede reducir el número de microorganismos patógenos y causantes del deterioro de estos productos. Este lavado de descontaminación superficial, normalmente reduce la carga microbiana solamente en una unidad logarítmica. Además, como no se trabaja en ambiente ultralimpio, suele producirse una recontaminación de los productos, normalmente por hongos procedentes del aire y de las superficies de los equipos de manipulación. Por tanto, es interesante considerar un sistema de envasado que controle la proliferación de la carga microbiana en estos productos. Por ello tiene de gran interés el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías de envasado activo antimicrobiano que satisfagan las demandas de los consumidores en cuanto al uso de agentes antimicrobianos naturales y que mejoren, a su vez, la seguridad alimentaria. Los plásticos sintéticos son materiales muy empleados para la fabricación de envases para frutas y hortalizas, puesto que estos presentan buenas propiedades que contribuyen a la protección del alimento y permiten ver el mismo por su transparencia. Pero estos plásticos tienen el inconveniente de estar constituidos por polímeros no biodegradables derivados del petróleo. Esto implica que tienen una gran persistencia en la naturaleza, manteniendo sus características, durante varias décadas una vez que son vertidos, lo cual constituye un serio problema medioambiental. Como consecuencia de esta problemática medioambiental, el uso de envases de cartón corrugado se presenta como una alternativa importante al uso de plásticos, debido sobre todo a que tienen buenas propiedades mecánicas que se adaptan muy bien a los envases que se necesitan para la conservación y transporte de frutas y hortalizas frescas. Además, los envases de cartón son menos perjudiciales para el medio ambiente y más económicos que los plásticos. Los procedimientos habituales de envasado de este tipo de productos en cajas de cartón sin carácter activo, aunque se mantenga una temperatura y humedad relativa (HR) adecuada de conservación del producto, no permiten extender mucho la vida útil ni asegurar la ausencia de podredumbres ni de microorganismos patógenos. Esta es la razón por la que se propone una solución tecnológica avanzada de envase activo de cartón con el objetivo de poder alargar la vida útil de frutas y hortalizas frescas, y de mejorar su seguridad alimentaria. La solución que se propone consiste en el desarrollo de un envase activo de cartón que se caracteriza porque al menos una de sus caras internas posee un recubrimiento activo antimicrobiano que comprende una emulsión en base agua de un compuesto polimérico que incluye complejos de inclusión formados por ciclodextrinas (CDs) y aceites esenciales (AEs), y/o nanotubos de halloysita (HNT) con AEs, o componentes de éstos, o una mezcla de ambos. Las sustancias antimicrobianas que se proponen son AEs que pueden utilizarse solos, o mediante combinación de los mismos, los cuales se liberan por evaporación cuando el envase es almacenado en condiciones de elevada HR, ejerciendo su acción antimicrobiana sobre los microorganismos presentes en la superficie del producto envasado. En esta tesis se ha desarrollado y validado, a escala de planta piloto y a nivel industrial, un prototipo de envase activo de cartón con actividad antimicrobiana y de control de etileno, que incluye agentes naturales encapsulados, para el envasado a granel de tomates y pimientos frescos, aumentando su vida útil, la calidad y seguridad alimentaria Este tipo de envase desarrollado se ha evaluado como un sistema de envasado capaz de prolongar la vida útil de productos frescos, como son el tomate y el pimiento. La liberación controlada de los vapores de los AEs durante la conservación, a una determinada temperatura y HR, permite el control de la pérdida de la calidad de estos productos frescos debido a que los AEs ejercen una acción antimicrobiana impidiendo el desarrollo de microorganismos alterantes que provocan podredumbres en los frutos, además de obtener una mejora en la calidad sensorial. Durante la conservación de tomates y pimientos frescos se realizaron determinaciones microbiológicas, fisicoquímicas (sólidos solubles, pH y acidez titulable). También se estudió la firmeza de los frutos y su calidad sensorial, así como el porcentaje de frutos podridos y la determinación de residuos de AEs sobre la superficie del fruto, como en el envase. Durante todo el estudio se observó que los frutos almacenados en envases de cartón activo presentaron un menor porcentaje de frutos podridos con respecto a los frutos almacenados en envases de cartón no activo, al final de su vida útil. Produciéndose una reducción de hasta el 14% de frutos defectuosos envasados en cajas activas. Por otro lado, en cuanto a la calidad sensorial, los frutos mejor evaluados fueron aquellos que se envasaron en sistema activo frente a los que se envasaron en sistema no activo. Sin embargo, ni la calidad microbiológica ni fisicoquímica, del fruto, se vieron afectadas independientemente del tipo de envase estudiado. [ENG] This doctoral dissertation has been presented in the form of thesis by publication.Spain is one of the main producers and exporters of fruit and vegetables in the world. In fact, this sector has a high importance in the Region of Murcia and other places of Spain. Nevertheless, many other countries produce such horticultural products with lower prices and quality. In order to consolidate, and even improve, the actual situation of this sector it is necessary to preserve the product quality using advanced technologies of packaging and preservation extending the shelf life of these fresh products. Such advances may allow to obtain a more competitive product against the other producer countries. Furthermore, it is crucial to ensure the food safety, while ensuring the highest microbiological and organoleptic quality. Horticultural fresh products are highly perishable being their quality reduced during postharvest storage mostly due to microbial growth (mainly bacteria and fungi), and other physiological processes such related to senescence like the production and effects of ethylene, which is known as the ripening hormone. Nonadequate post-harvest techniques like inadequate refrigerated storage (e.g. not controlled relative humidity (HR), etc.) or inappropriate packaging, can result in high postharvest economic losses due to the microbial growth of spoilage microorganisms. Moreover, pathogenic microorganisms can be detected in fresh vegetables that are minimally processed. The origin of microbial crosscontamination may be originated during harvesting, post-harvesting or conservation periods. During postharvest handling of fresh vegetables before packaging, surface decontamination treatment is carried out using chlorinated water or other sanitizing agents. This processing stage is crucial to minimize microbial loads of the product. Such surface decontamination using sanitizing washings normally reduces microbial loads less than one logarithmic unit. In addition, since horticultural products are not usually processed under an ultra-clean environment, they are usually decontaminated with fungi from the air and the surfaces of the handling equipment. Accordingly, it is of high interest to develop a packaging system that controls the microbial growth in these products. In that sense, new active antimicrobial packaging technologies may control microbial growth of the contained product satisfying also the consumer demands since they are natural antimicrobial agents while ensuring the product food. Synthetic films have been widely used as packaging materials for fruit and vegetables since they have excellent properties that contribute to the protection of the food while ensuring a good transparency. Nevertheless, these films are non-biodegradable polymers derived from petroleum. These petroleum-derived polymers have a great persistence in nature maintaining their characteristics for several decades once they are discharged, constituting a serious environmental problem. Due to this problematic situation, corrugated cardboard packages are an interesting alternative because they have good mechanical properties, which are crucial for a proper storage and transport of the packaged food. Moreover, cardboard packages are environment-friendly and economical compared with plastic materials. Conventional cardboard boxes are not able to extend the shelf life of products as consequence of the control of microbial growth. Then, an emerging technology that allows the extension of the product shelf-life of fruit and vegetables using an active cardboard box coated with waterproof lacquers including nanoencapsulated antimicrobial compounds is here by studied. Essential oils (EOs), single or combined, have high antimicrobial properties. Encapsulation of EOs using cyclodextrins (CD) and/or nanotubes of halloysite (HNT) is incorporated in the lacquers of the active cardboard packages to extend the product shelf-life. Then, EOs are released from the CD by evaporation when the packaging is stored in conditions of high HR, exerting their antimicrobial activity on the microorganism present of the surface of the horticultural products packaged with this active packaging.. This Thesis has developed and optimized an active antimicrobial packaging at different scales (pilot plant and industrial) using a lacquer with the EOs-CD inclusion complex to preserve the quality of fresh tomatoes and peppers. This developed packaging type has been evaluated as a packaging system able to extend the shelf life of fresh horticultural products such as tomatoes and peppers. Controlled release of EOs vapours during storage at a specified temperature and HR allows the control of quality losses of these fresh products due to the antimicrobial activity of EOs reducing the growth of spoilage microorganisms, which are responsible of fruit rottenness. Overall, the product quality is better maintained with such proposed technology. Microbiological and physicochemical determinations (soluble solids, pH and treatable acidity) were made during the storage of fresh tomatoes and peppers. Firmness was also studied together with sensory quality and the decay incidence. Furthermore, residues of EOs were also studied during storage in the fruit surface as well as the remaining EOs in the packaging material. Throughout the study, products stored within the non-active cardboard packages showed a higher percentage of decay incidence compared to active cardboard packages during storage. On the other hand, samples packaged within the active system showed better sensory quality than those samples packaged with the non-active system. However, neither the microbiological quality nor the physicochemical quality of the products were affected regardless of the type of containers studied. Los artículos que componen la tesis son los siguientes: 1. Laura Buendía-Moreno, María Ros-Chumillas, Laura Navarro-Segura, María José Sánchez-Martínez, Sonia Soto-Jover, Vera Antolinos, Ginés Benito Martínez- Hernández, Antonio López-Gómez. 2019. Effects of an Active Cardboard Box Using Encapsulated Essential Oils on the Tomato Shelf Life. Food and Bioprocess Technology 12(9): 1548-1558, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-019-02311-0. 2. Laura Buendía-Moreno, Sonia Soto-Jover, María Ros Chumillas, Vera Antolinos- López, Laura Navarro-Segura, María José Sánchez-Martínez, Ginés Benito Martínez- Hernández, Antonio López-Gómez. 2019. An innovative active cardboard for box bulk packaging of fresh bell pepper extends its shelf life. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 3. Laura Buendía-Moreno, Sonia Soto-Jover, María Ros-Chumillas, Vera Antolinos, Laura Navarro-Segura, María José Sánchez-Martínez, Ginés Benito Martínez-Hernández, Antonio López-Gómez. 2019. Innovative cardboard active packaging with a coating including encapsulated essential oils to extend Cherry tomato shelf life. LWT-Food Science and Technology 116, 108584. https://doi.org/10.106/j.lwt.2019.108584. 4. Laura Buendía-Moreno, María José Sánchez-Martínez, Vera Antolinos, María Ros- Chumillas, Laura Navarro- Segura, Sonia Soto-Jover, Ginés Benito Martínez- Hernández, Antonio López-Gómez. 2019. Active cardboard box with a coating including essential oils entrapped within cyclodextrins and/or halloysite nanotubes. A case study for fresh tomato storage. Food Control 107, 106763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106763. Escuela Internacional de Doctorado de la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena Programa de Doctorado en Técnicas Avanzadas en Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario por la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena
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For further information contact us at helpdesk@openaire.eudescription Publicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Doctoral thesis 2016 Cyprus GreekΤμήμα Πολυμέσων και Γραφικών Τεχνών, Σχολή Καλών και Εφαρμοσμένων Τεχνών, Τεχνολογικό Πανεπιστήμιο Κύπρου Η διατριβή εστιάζει στη σχέση μεταξύ αειφορίας, περιβάλλοντος και πολιτισμού στην εκπαίδευση, μέσα από δράσεις σε μουσεία. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, διερευνά τη διάχυση της Εκπαίδευσης για την Αειφόρο Ανάπτυξη μέσω της Μουσειακής Περιβαλλοντικής Εκπαίδευσης, δηλαδή μέσω της αξιοποίησης μουσείων για Περιβαλλοντική Εκπαίδευση. Πρόκειται για μια εκπαιδευτική δράση που, όπως η μελέτη τεκμηριώνει, συνάδει με τις αρχές της Εκπαίδευσης για την Αειφόρο Ανάπτυξη και ως εκ τούτου έχει τη δυνατότητα να προαγάγει την αειφορία μέσω της εκπαιδευτικής πράξης με ένα ολιστικό τρόπο, εντάσσοντας ισότιμα και τις πολιτισμικές πτυχές ανάμεσα στις άλλες. Το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο που καθοδηγεί και στηρίζει την παρούσα μελέτη συναπαρτίζεται από την Κριτική Θεωρία, την Κριτική Παιδαγωγική και την Κριτική Παιδαγωγική του Χώρου, με έμφαση στην τελευταία. Το ερευνητικό μέρος της μελέτης εστιάζει στην εξέταση της προαναφερθείσας εκπαιδευτικής δράσης υπό την οπτική γωνία των εκπαιδευτικών, οι οποίοι κατέχουν θέση κλειδί για την υλοποίηση των θεωριών και των πολιτικών στην πράξη. Ειδικότερα, η παρούσα διατριβή επικεντρώνεται στις πεποιθήσεις των εκπαιδευτικών για την αξιοποίηση μουσείων για Περιβαλλοντική Εκπαίδευση στο πλαίσιο της αειφορίας, στις πεποιθήσεις τους για τη σχέση μεταξύ πολιτισμού και αειφορίας, καθώς και στους παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν την πρόθεσή τους για επιλογή και αξιοποίηση της συγκεκριμένης εκπαιδευτικής δράσης. Μέσα από ποιοτική μεθοδολογία διερευνώνται τα τρία κύρια ερευνητικά ερωτήματα και το ένα υποερώτημα που καθοδήγησαν την παρούσα μελέτη. Το κύριο ερευνητικό εργαλείο αποτέλεσαν οι ημιδομημένες συνεντεύξεις που πραγματοποιήθηκαν με σαράντα εκπαιδευτικούς δημοτικής εκπαίδευσης. Στο πλαίσιο των συνεντεύξεων χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ακόμη τρία ερευνητικά εργαλεία: οι κάρτες ταξινόμησης, οι προσωπικές χαρτογραφήσεις εννοιών και το ερωτηματολόγιο. Όλα μαζί συγκέντρωσαν μια ευρεία γκάμα δεδομένων, τα οποία αναλύθηκαν με θεματική ανάλυση προκειμένου να δοθούν απαντήσεις στις υπό διερεύνηση πτυχές. Συγκεκριμένα, αναφορικά με τις απόψεις για την αξιοποίηση μουσείων για Περιβαλλοντική Εκπαίδευση, οι εκπαιδευτικοί παρουσιάστηκαν να απασχολούνται περισσότερο για την καταλληλότητα της φύσης και των μέσων του μουσειακού χώρου καθώς και για το είδος και το περιεχόμενο της μάθησης που συνδέονται με την εν λόγω εκπαιδευτική δράση. Για τις παραμέτρους αυτές οι συμμετέχοντες εξέφρασαν τόσο θετικές όσο και αρνητικές απόψεις, με τις πρώτες να υπερισχύουν των δεύτερων. Επίσης, οι συμμετέχοντες αντιμετώπισαν θετικά τη σχέση μεταξύ αειφορίας και Μουσειακής Περιβαλλοντικής Εκπαίδευσης καθώς και τη σχέση μεταξύ αειφορίας και πολιτισμού. Ανεξαρτήτως του είδους των απόψεων των εκπαιδευτικών, η διερεύνηση σκιαγράφησε μια αξιοσημείωτη ασυμφωνία μεταξύ των καταγεγραμμένων απόψεων και των αντίστοιχων πρακτικών. Για την προκύπτουσα ασυμφωνία φάνηκε πως ευθύνονται τόσο ενδογενείς όσο και εξωγενείς παράγοντες. Από τη μια εννοιολογικοί παράγοντες, όπως είναι οι στενές αντιλήψεις και τα ανθεκτικά στερεότυπα, και από την άλλη λειτουργικοί και πρακτικοί παράγοντες, όπως είναι οι πολιτικές, το αναλυτικό πρόγραμμα και το ωρολόγιο πρόγραμμα, η προετοιμασία που απαιτείται, το είδος και ο βαθμός καθοδήγησης και επιμόρφωσης, οι περιορισμοί του χώρου, η ύπαρξη ή όχι προσχεδιασμένου εκπαιδευτικού προγράμματος, ο βαθμός ενημέρωσης και το οικονομικό κόστος, φαίν