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Various hypno-sedative and analgesic drugs are available in the setting of pediatric procedural sedation and analgesia outside the operating room. The aim was to perform a systematic internet based literature review to investigate sedative drug choices and associated clinical outcomes in pediatric population.

Introduction: Phenytoin is an aromatic ring antiepileptic drug (AED) commonly used in epilepsy. As well as the side effects such as phenytoin-induced Steven-Johnson syndrome, DRESS (Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) and cerebellar toxicity, a rarely life-threatening anaphylaxis requiring urgent treatment can be seen.

Kalp yetmezliği klinik bir sendrom olup kalbin, vücudun metabolik ihtiyaçlarını karşılayamaması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu tablo acil tedavi gerektiren yüksek riskli bir durum olduğundan tanı ve tedavideki gecikmeler mortalite ve morbiditede artışa neden olmaktadır. Bu derlemede çocuklarda kalp yetmezliğinin etyolojisi, klinik belirtileri üzerinde durulmuş ve tanısal tetkikler tartışılmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: Çocuk, kalp yetmezliği, tanı.

Bruxism related to sleep involves activation of the chewing muscles and results in tooth clenching, chattering, and grinding. Risk factors related to bruxism in sleep are obstructive sleep apnea, alcohol, caffeine, parasomnias such as sleep-talking and sleepwalking, anxiety, and other psychiatric and neurologic disorders, and some medications. There is still no treatment proven to be effective for the treatment of sleep bruxism. This case presents three school-aged children who presented with bruxism who responded to low-dose melaton

Bu yazıda distoni tedavisi için parenteral olarak verilen biperiden sonrası deliryum tablosu gelişen bir çocuk olgunun sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Olgumuz yazında çocuk yaşta biperiden ile ilişkili ilk deliryum olgusudur.

In chronic cough, one of the etiologies is microaspirations due to gastroesophageal reflux diseases. “Lipid-laden macrophage” (LLM) the definition of lipid-containing macrophage after staining with Sudan 4 or Oil Red O. It is considered as a sign of gastroesophageal reflux in recurrent pneumonia. Materials and MethodsIn this study, we retrospectively evaluated the children undergoing bronchoscopy between 2016 and 2019 in our center. Patients’ medical records have been retrospectively analyzed and their parents were called for further information

İntrauterin dönemde ultrasonografinin sık kullanılması sonucu, fetal anatominin ayrıntılı değerlendirilebilmesi nedeniyle, intrauterin kistlerin tanı insidansı artmaktadır. Bu nedenle fetal ve neonatal over kistlerinin tespiti ve tedavisinde yakın perinatal takip önemlidir. Kistin boyutuna ve içeriğine, gelişen komplikasyonlara göre tedavisi planlanmaktadır. Bu vaka sunumda antenatal tanı alan ve postnatal intestinal obstruksiyona neden olması nedeniyle ooferektemi ve over kist eksizyonu yapılan yenidoğan sunulmuştur.

Leucocyte adhesion deficiency disease is a type of immunodeficiency resulted as loss of function to reaction to infectious disease, pus formation, disrupted wound healing. Here we report two LAD1 and two LAD3 with their clinical and functional analysis. 3 of 4 patients are Syrian origin and born into consanguineous families. Their diagnosis are made by flow cytometry and due to high leucocyte count. LAD3 patients have normal CD11abc CD18 levels so they’re diagnosed by adhesion assay.Both confirmed with genetical mutations on ITGB2 and FERMT3. 3 of 4 underwent successful HSCT but one is unfortunately passed away.

Urofacial syndrome (US) or Ochoa syndrome is a syndrome characterized by presence of neurogenic bladder (NB) in absence of a neurological abnormality and mechanical obstruction, as well as by a characteristic facial appearance. As the micturition/urine storage center, laughing and crying centers and origin of the facial nerve are in close proximity in the reticular formation, crying facial expression when laughing and clinical presentation of NB are observed. In this manuscript a case who presented with incontinence, was noticed to have crying facial expression when laughing and, unfortunately, developed chronic renal failure (CRF) due to NB is reported.

The aim of this study is to help nursing care and the importance of emotional support in coping process of a child with T1DM and CD. It is evaluated with nursing model based on Roy adaptation model. Seventeen years old female patient was admitted to a university hospital with the diagnosis of T1DM + CD. The patient also had anxiety. It was determined that the patient had eating disorder and did not use his insulin regularly. As seen in this case, it is important to provide emotional support in coping with anxiety and fear of unknownness in a new disease.

Vitamin B12 (cobalamine) deficiency is one of the nutritional deficiencies in children. It can also be seen in infants whose mothers have nutritional deficiency. The involuntary movements is known to be associated with vitamin B12 deficiency. But also this type of movements can be seen in the patients who are on vitamin B12 tretament. We present a patient who had involuntary movements after enteral vitamin B12 treatment, on which reported cases are rarer than parenteral administration. We want to emphasize continuation of treatment is much more important than these involuntary movements observed temporarily.

Pericardial cysts are smooth-walled congenital benign cysts which are unilocular with an external wall comprised of mesothelial or endothelial cells. They account for 6-7% of all mediastinal lesions. They are usually found in the costophrenic angle. Although they are generally asymptomatic, up to 20% of the patients may have nonspecific symptoms. PA chest x-ray, echocardiography and CT are the most commonly used diagnostic methods. Diffusion-weighted MRI has also been suggested. Surgical excision is at the forefront in treatment, being performed with low morbidity and mortality rates. In cases for which a surgery cannot be performed, complications such as hemorrhage, spontaneous rupture of the cyst or infected cyst may develop.

Although corrosive injury of the digestive tract is a well-known clinical entity, damages of the airway, a critically life-threatening condition, has not been clearly documented. Tracheal stenosis is very rare associated with corrosive acid ingestion. We report the case of a 4-year-old girl child who presented to the emergency department three week after accidentally drinking an acidic cleaning agent stored in unlabeled bottle. Rigid bronchoscopy was carried out to observe the stenosis. She was treated by serial dilation, repair of tracheal laceration, and placement of a temporary polyurethane-coated nitinol stent. Careful and accurate stent placement may provide significant and life-saving airway improvement as observed in the presenting pediatric case.

There are a number of causes of small bowel obstruction in infants, most commonly from congenital causes. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the alimentary tract is a very unusual cause of intestinal obstruction in children. IMT is a rare, benign solid tumor that presents mostly in the pediatric population. We present a case of a jejunal IMT causing bowel obstruction in a four month old female treated with laparoscopic resection and bowel anastomosis.