GenCoNet – A Graph Database for the Analysis of Comorbidities by Gene Networks Alban Shoshi, Ralf Hofestädt, Olga Zolotareva, Marcel Friedrichs, Alex Maier, Vladimir A. Ivanisenko, Victor E. Dosenko, Elena Yu Bragina The prevalence of comorbid diseases poses a major health issue for millions of people worldwide and an enormous socio-economic burden for society. The molecular mechanisms for the development of comorbidities need to be investigated. For this purpose, a workflow system was developed to aggregate data on biomedical entities from heterogeneous data sources. The process of integrating and merging all data sources of the workflow system was implemented as a semi-automatic pipeline that provides the import, fusion, and analysis of the highly connected biomedical data in a Neo4j database GenCoNet. As a starting point, data on the common comorbid diseases essential hypertension and bronchial asthma was integrated. GenCoNet (https://genconet.kalis-amts.de) is a curated database that provides a better understanding of hereditary bases of comorbidities. Results The following results table was extracted from the Neo4j database. It represents all integrated drugs that treat either asthma or essential hypertension and are tagged as approved in DrugBank. Additional drugs contained in the database but not listed here are either not approved or have contraindicates but no treats relationships. DrugBank ID Drug Name Treats Contraindicates Induces DB09273 Doxofylline Asthma DB13139 Levosalbutamol Asthma DB08979 Fenspiride Asthma DB09076 Umeclidinium bromide Asthma DB00043 Omalizumab Asthma DB00180 Flunisolide Asthma DB00221 Isoetarine Asthma DB00332 Ipratropium bromide Asthma DB00394 Beclometasone Asthma DB00443 Betamethasone Asthma DB00471 Montelukast Asthma DB00549 Zafirlukast Asthma DB00651 Dyphylline Asthma DB00716 Nedocromil Asthma DB00744 Zileuton Asthma DB00764 Mometasone Asthma DB00824 Enprofylline Asthma DB00816 Orciprenaline Asthma DB00871 Terbutaline Asthma DB00920 Ketotifen Asthma DB00983 Formoterol Asthma DB00938 Salmeterol Asthma DB01001 Salbutamol Asthma DB00986 Glycopyrronium bromide Asthma DB01025 Amlexanox Asthma DB01003 Cromoglicate Asthma DB01222 Budesonide Asthma DB01064 Isoprenaline Asthma DB01288 Fenoterol Asthma DB01366 Procaterol Asthma DB01407 Clenbuterol Asthma DB01291 Pirbuterol Asthma DB01410 Ciclesonide Asthma DB01411 Pranlukast Asthma DB01408 Bambuterol Asthma DB01409 Tiotropium Asthma DB01656 Roflumilast Asthma DB05039 Indacaterol Asthma DB08906 Fluticasone furoate Asthma DB08957 Hexoprenaline Asthma DB06612 Mepolizumab Asthma DB08897 Aclidinium Asthma DB09082 Vilanterol Asthma DB09080 Olodaterol Asthma DB00277 Theophylline Asthma Essential Hypertension DB00588 Fluticasone Propionate Asthma Essential Hypertension DB01223 Aminophylline Asthma Essential Hypertension DB01303 Oxtriphylline Asthma Essential Hypertension DB05266 Ibudilast Asthma Essential Hypertension DB00620 Triamcinolone Asthma Essential Hypertension DB01363 Ephedra Asthma Essential Hypertension DB00668 Epinephrine Asthma Essential Hypertension DB00860 Prednisolone Asthma Essential Hypertension DB00436 Bendroflumethiazide Essential Hypertension DB00457 Prazosin Essential Hypertension DB00524 Metolazone Essential Hypertension DB00528 Lercanidipine Essential Hypertension DB00325 Nitroprusside Essential Hypertension DB00343 Diltiazem Essential Hypertension DB00381 Amlodipine Essential Hypertension DB00384 Triamterene Essential Hypertension DB00212 Remikiren Essential Hypertension DB00206 Reserpine Essential Hypertension DB00226 Guanadrel Essential Hypertension DB00214 Torasemide Essential Hypertension DB00270 Isradipine Essential Hypertension DB00310 Chlorthalidone Essential Hypertension DB00275 Olmesartan Essential Hypertension DB00177 Valsartan Essential Hypertension DB00187 Esmolol Essential Hypertension DB09236 Lacidipine Essential Hypertension DB09242 Moxonidine Essential Hypertension DB01349 Tasosartan Essential Hypertension DB01275 Hydralazine Essential Hypertension DB08822 Azilsartan medoxomil Essential Hypertension DB00590 Doxazosin Essential Hypertension DB00575 Clonidine Essential Hypertension DB00657 Mecamylamine Essential Hypertension DB09026 Aliskiren Essential Hypertension DB00629 Guanabenz Essential Hypertension DB00880 Chlorothiazide Essential Hypertension DB00678 Losartan Essential Hypertension DB00695 Furosemide Essential Hypertension DB00692 Phentolamine Essential Hypertension DB00966 Telmisartan Essential Hypertension DB00968 Methyldopa Essential Hypertension DB00700 Eplerenone Essential Hypertension DB00742 Mannitol Essential Hypertension DB00796 Candesartan Essential Hypertension DB00808 Indapamide Essential Hypertension DB00876 Eprosartan Essential Hypertension DB01162 Terazosin Essential Hypertension DB01158 Bretylium Essential Hypertension DB01116 Trimethaphan Essential Hypertension DB01170 Guanethidine Essential Hypertension DB01023 Felodipine Essential Hypertension DB01018 Guanfacine Essential Hypertension DB00999 Hydrochlorothiazide Essential Hypertension DB01090 Pentolinium Essential Hypertension DB01089 Deserpidine Essential Hypertension DB01054 Nitrendipine Essential Hypertension DB00492 Fosinopril Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00519 Trandolapril Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00178 Ramipril Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00335 Atenolol Essential Hypertension Asthma DB01348 Spirapril Essential Hypertension Asthma DB01626 Pargyline Essential Hypertension Asthma DB01580 Oxprenolol Essential Hypertension Asthma DB01214 Metipranolol Essential Hypertension Asthma DB01340 Cilazapril Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00264 Metoprolol Essential Hypertension Asthma DB09477 Enalaprilat Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00622 Nicardipine Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00691 Moexipril Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00542 Benazepril Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00584 Enalapril Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00594 Amiloride Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00612 Bisoprolol Essential Hypertension Asthma DB01197 Captopril Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00722 Lisinopril Essential Hypertension Asthma DB01193 Acebutolol Essential Hypertension Asthma DB01180 Rescinnamine Essential Hypertension Asthma DB01029 Irbesartan Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00790 Perindopril Essential Hypertension Asthma DB04846 Celiprolol Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00797 Tolazoline Essential Hypertension Asthma DB01115 Nifedipine Essential Hypertension Asthma DB04861 Nebivolol Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00881 Quinapril Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00925 Phenoxybenzamine Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00195 Betaxolol Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00350 Minoxidil Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00661 Verapamil Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00421 Spironolactone Essential Hypertension Asthma DB00393 Nimodipine Essential Hypertension Asthma DB01203 Nadolol Essential Hypertension Asthma Asthma DB00489 Sotalol Essential Hypertension Asthma Asthma DB00598 Labetalol Essential Hypertension Asthma Asthma DB00571 Propranolol Essential Hypertension Asthma Asthma DB00373 Timolol Essential Hypertension Asthma Asthma DB01136 Carvedilol Essential Hypertension Asthma Asthma DB00960 pindolol Essential Hypertension Asthma Asthma