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In the field of ocean observing, the term of “observatory” is often used without a unique meaning. A clear and unified definition of observatory is needed in order to facilitate the communication in a multidisciplinary community, to capitalize on future technological innovations and to support the observatory design based on societal needs. In this paper, we present a general framework to define the next generation Marine OBservatory (MOB), its capabilities and functionalities in an operational context. The MOB consists of four interconnected components or “gears” (observation infrastructure, cyberinfrastructure, support capacity, and knowledge generation engine) that are constantly and adaptively interacting with each other. Therefore, a MOB is a complex infrastructure focused on a specific geographic area with the primary scope to generate knowledge via data synthesis and thereby addressing scientific, societal, or economic challenges. Long-term sustainability is a key MOB feature that should be guaranteed through an appropriate governance. MOBs should be open to innovations and good practices to reduce operational costs and to allow their development in quality and quantity. A deeper biological understanding of the marine ecosystem should be reached with the proliferation of MOBs, thus contributing to effective conservation of ecosystems and management of human activities in the oceans. We provide an actionable model for the upgrade and development of sustained marine observatories producing knowledge to support science-based economic and societal decisions. Refereed 14.A Manual (incl. handbook, guide, cookbook etc) 2018-09-07

Microstructure measurements were collected using an autonomous freely rising profiler under a variety of different atmospheric forcing and sea states in the open ocean. Here, profiles of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate, ε, are compared with various proposed scalings. In the oceanic boundary layer, the depth dependence of ε was found to be largely consistent with that expected for a shear-driven wall layer. This is in contrast with many recent studies which suggest higher rates of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation in the near surface of the ocean. However, some dissipation profiles appeared to scale with the sum of the wind and swell generated Stokes shear with this scaling extending beyond the mixed layer depth. Integrating ε in the mixed layer yielded results that 1% of the wind power referenced to 10 m is being dissipated here.

Glider vehicles are now perhaps some of the most prolific providers of real-time and near-real-time operational oceanographic data. However, the data from these vehicles can and should be considered to have a long-term legacy value capable of playing a critical role in understanding and separating inter-annual, inter-decadal, and longterm global change. To achieve this, we have to go further than simply assuming the manufacturer’s calibrations, and field correct glider data in a more traditional way, for example, by careful comparison to water bottle calibrated lowered CTD datasets and/or “gold” standard recent climatologies. In this manuscript, we bring into the 21st century a historical technique that has been used manually by oceanographers for many years/decades for field correction/inter-calibration, thermal lag correction, and adjustment for biological fouling. The technique has now been made semi-automatic for machine processing of oceanographic glider data, although its future and indeed its origins have far wider scope. The subject of this manuscript is drawn from the original Description of Work (DoW) for a key task in the recently completed JERICO-NEXT (Joint European Research Infrastructure network for Coastal Observatories) EU-funded program, but goes on to consider future application and the suitability for integration with machine learning. Refereed 14.A Sea surface salinity Subsurface salinity TRL 8 Actual system completed and "mission qualified" through test and demonstration in an operational environment (ground or space) Manual (incl. handbook, guide, cookbook etc) Standard Operating Procedure 2019-12-03

Desde que a guerra na Síria começou em 2011 que as suas consequências e interesses prosseguidos por diferentes países e grupos neste conflito têm estado na ordem do dia dos temas internacionais. Com os fluxos de migrantes a aumentarem descontroladamente, tanto para os países vizinhos como para a Europa, impõe-se uma resposta estruturada, global e adequada ao problema. Esta dissertação pretendeexaminar especificamente os mecanismos que a União Europeia criou ou desenvolveu para gerir a crise de refugiados que cresceu no seu território, em particular os de nacionalidade síria. Apontar-se-á ainda os casos da Suécia e da Hungria enquanto exemplos da diferente postura e implementação das directivas e regulamentos aprovados nas instituições europeias, de modo a sublinhar a falta de harmonização e homogeneização sobre o tema entre os Estados-Membros. Termina-se com uma análise das opções em cima da mesa para a União considerando os seus poderes e a vontade dos seus membros. Since the Syrian war set out in 2011 that its consequences and interests pursued by different countries and groups in this conflict have been part of the international agenda. With the significant increase of the migration flows in its neighbour countries and in Europe, the urge for a structured, global and adequate solution arises. This dissertation intends to examine the mecanisms created or developed by the European Union to manage the refugee crisis, particularly those directed to syrian nationals. Furthermore, the cases of Sweden and Hungary will be pointed out as examples of the different posture and implementation of the european directives and regulations and so emphasising the lack of harmonization and homogenisation on this issue among member states. We will conclude with an analysis of the options on the table taking into account the powers of the Union and the will of the european countries.

This paper was presented on July 14th, 2021 during the paper session "Case Study Reflections on Inquiry, Value, and Success. Sub-Unit: Emerging Areas of Theory, Pedagogy and Practice at the 14th ISTR (International Society for Third Sector Research) Global Virtual Conference. Global Civil Society in Uncertain Times, 12.-15. July 2021.

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Blog post reflecting on Ireland’s National Marine Planning Framework through the lens of the COVID-19 pandemic

This policy brief of the European Union (EU) Think Tank – part of the FIT4FOOD2030 Coordination and Support Action (CSA) of the FOOD 2030 initiative – is a response and contribution to growing pleas for a ‘systems approach’ to transform food systems for Food and Nutrition Security (FNS) for present and future generations. This policy brief specifically focusses on the necessity of the adoption of a systems approach to Research and Innovation (R&I) in order to foster the transformation of food systems.

Article in Irish fishing industry magazine, The Skipper, on the gathering of women in small-scale fisheries in February 2020 for the relaunch of the AKTEA women in fisheries network

The Reader CMW presents first time English translations of material from the development phase of Collective Memory-Work in the 1980s in Germany, and also contemporary essays from 2020 and 2021 on a large variety of adaptations of the method across disciplinary and geographical boundaries.