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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Taavitsainen, Timo;

    The purpose of this study is to identify and examine the long-term and short-term relationships between market indices and selected macroeconomic variables in three different Nordic countries (Finland, Sweden and Norway). In the focus are the long-term cointegrating relationships as well as the short-term causal relationships between the market indices and similar macroeconomic variables for each country. In the literature review a great number of similar studies are presented and examined, but until now, no focused examination for these countries have been conducted. For each country, an all-share index is chosen to represent the markets and the selected four macroeconomic variables are consumer price index, long-term interest rate, exchange rate and industrial production index. Data is in monthly frequency and the time period is from the June 2000 to June 2018, 217 months in total. The main study methods are the Johansen’s cointegration test, vector error correction models and Granger causality tests. From the cointegration tests it can be concluded, that for each country, a cointegrating relationship exists, meaning that in long-term the market indices and macroeconomic variables move together. Natures of these found relationships are analysed further with the VECM. Short-term causal relationships are found to exist between some of the macroeconomic variables and market indices from both VECM and Granger causality tests. The nature of found relationships, both long-term and short-term, vary for each country, implying that macroeconomic fundamentals are different for each country and the markets react to changes in macroeconomic variables differently across these countries. Tämä tutkielman tarkoituksena on tunnistaa ja tarkastella pitkän ja lyhyen ajan suhteita markkinaindeksien ja valittujen makrotaloudellisten muuttujien välillä kolmessa Pohjoismaassa (Suomessa, Ruotsissa ja Norjassa). Lähemmässä tarkastelussa ovat pitkän aikavälin yhteisintegroituneet suhteet sekä lyhyen aikavälin kausaalit suhteet markkinaindeksien ja makrotaloudellisten muuttujien välillä jokaisessa maassa. Kirjallisuuskatsauksessa tarkastellaan runsaasti samantapaisia tutkimuksia, mutta tähän mennessä yhtä yksityiskohtaista tarkastelua näille maille ei ole tehty. Jokaiselle maalle on valittu markkinaindeksi ja neljä valittua makrotaloudellista muuttujaa ovat kuluttajahintaindeksi, pitkän ajan korko, valuuttakurssi sekä teollisuustuotannon indeksi. Data on kuukausittaisessa muodossa aikaväliltä heinäkuusta 2000 heinäkuuhun 2018, kaiken kaikkiaan siis 217 kuukautta. Päätutkimusmetodit ovat Johansenin yhteisintegroituvuustestit, vektorivirhekorjausmallit ja Grangerin kausaliteettitestit. Yhteisintegroituvuustesteistä jokaiselle maalle havaitaan yhteisintegroituva suhde pitkälle aikavälille, mikä tarkoittaa, että markkinaindeksit ja makrotaloudelliset muuttujat kehittyvät yhdessä ajan mittaan. Pitkän aikavälin suhteita analysoidaan tarkemmin vektorivirhekorjausmalleilla. Lyhyen aikavälin kausaaleja suhteita havaitaan sekä vektorivirhekorjausmalleilla että Grangerin kausaliteettitesteillä makrotaloudellisten muuttujien ja markkinaindeksien välillä. Löydettyjen pitkäaikaisten ja lyhytaikaisten suhteiden välillä on eroja eri maissa, mikä kertoo, että makrotaloudelliset perusteet vaihtelevat maakohtaisesti ja markkinat reagoivat eri tavalla makrotaloudellisiin muutoksiin.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ LUTPubarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    LUTPub
    2019
    Data sources: LUTPub
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Ssebugere, Patrick;

    This thesis describes the occurrence and sources of selected persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) in the northern watershed of Lake Victoria. Sediments and fish were collected from three highly polluted embayments (i.e. Murchison Bay, Napoleon Gulf and Thurston Bay) of the lake. The analysis for PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PBDEs was done using a high resolution mass spectrometer coupled to a gas chromatograph (GC), and a GC equipped with an electron capture detector was used for HCHs. Total (Σ) PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PBDEs in sediments ranged from 3.19 to 478, 313 to 4325 and 60.8 to 179 pg g-1 dry weight (dw), respectively. The highest concentrations of pollutants were found at sites close to industrial areas and wastewater discharge points. The maximum concentrations of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, PBDEs and HCHs in fish muscle homogenates were 49, 779, 495 and 45,900 pg g-1 wet weight (ww), respectively. The concentrations of the pollutants in Nile perch (Lates niloticus) were significantly greater than those in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), possibly due to differences in trophic level and dietary feeding habits among fish species. World Health Organization-toxic equivalency quotient (WHO2005-TEQ) values in the sediments were up to 4.24 pg g-1 dw for PCDD/Fs and 0.55 pg TEQ g-1 dw for the 12 dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs). 23.1% of the samples from the Napoleon Gulf were above the interim sediment quality guideline value of 0.85 pg WHO-TEQ g-1 dw set by the Canadian Council for Ministers of the Environment. The WHO2005-TEQs in fish were 0.001-0.16 pg g-1 for PCDD/Fs and 0.001-0.31 pg g-1 ww for dl- PCBs. The TEQ values were within a permissible level of 3.5 pg g−1 ww recommended by the European Commission. Based on the Commission set TEQs and minimum risk level criteria formulated by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, the consumption of fish from Lake Victoria gives no indication of health risks associated to PCDD/Fs and PCBs. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that anthropogenic activities such as agricultural straw open burning, medical waste incinerators and municipal solid waste combustors were the major sources of PCDD/Fs in the watershed of Lake Victoria. The ratios of α-/γ-HCH varied from 0.89 to 1.68 suggesting that the highest HCH residues mainly came from earlier usage and fresh γ-HCH (lindane). In the present study, the concentration of POPs in fish were not significantly related to those in sediments, and the biota sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) concept was found to be a poor predictor of the bioavailability and bioaccumulation of environmental pollutants.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ LUTPubarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    LUTPub
    2015
    Data sources: LUTPub
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Nuutinen, Susanna;

    This thesis studies customer experience through service design methods in the context of record stores. The theoretical objective has been to explore customer experience and service design, as well as service design tools and methods, based on prior literature on these concepts. Companies should be able to orchestrate touchpoints on a holistic customer journey in order to provide successful customer experiences. The empirical research was conducted by examining three record stores, using a multiple-case study approach and qualitative methods. The data collection was a three-phase process: it comprised direct observation and semistructured face-to-face interviews with the customers at the stores and with one record store keeper. The selection criteria for the customer interviewees were random. Out of the total of 18 interviewees, four were female and 14 were male. Their ages ranged from 21 to 42 years with an average age of 30 years. The results suggest that service design methods can be applied in the context of record stores. This study gives examples of personas and customer experience maps that are created from the empirical research data. Based on the results, service design can be used in the future to help record stores to identify their potential customer profile, create more pleasant customer journeys and recognize different touchpoints, thereby potentially improving the customer experience. Tässä Pro gradu -tutkielmassa tutkitaan asiakaskokemusta levykaupoissa palvelumuotoilun menetelmien avulla. Tutkimuksen teoreettisessa os uudessa tutustutaan asiakaskokemuksen ja palvelumuotoilun käsitteisiin – sekä palvelumuotoilun menetelmiin ja työkaluihin, aiempaan tutkimukseen pohjaten. Tutkimuskirjallisuuden perusteella voidaan sanoa, että yritysten tulisi pystyä järjestämään kokonaisvaltaisen palvelupolun kontaktipisteet kattavasti, jotta asiakaskokemus olisi onnistunut. Empiirinen tutkimus tehtiin laadullisena monitapaustutkimuksena, jossa tutkittiin kolmea levykauppaa. Tutkielman aineisto kerättiin kolmivaiheisesti: vaiheet olivat suora observointi, tapaustutkimukseen valituissa levykaupoissa tehdyt puolistrukturoidut asiakashaastattelut, sekä yksi levykauppiaan haastattelu. Asiakashaastateltavien valintakriteeri oli satunnainen. Heitä oli yhteensä 18, joista neljä oli naisia ja 14 miehiä. Asiakashaastateltavien keskimääräinen ikä oli 30 vuotta, ja ikähaarukka oli 21–42 vuotta. Tutkielman tulosten mukaan palvelumuotoilun menetelmiä voidaan soveltaa levykauppakontekstissa. Väitteen tueksi tutkielmassa esitetään tutkimustulosten pohjalta luodut persoonat ja näiden palvelupolkukartat. Tutkimuksen perusteella voidaan tehdä se johtopäätös, että palvelumuotoilun avulla levykaupat voivat tulevaisuudessa tunnistaa potentiaalisia asiakasprofiileja, luoda miellyttävämpiä asiakaspolkuja, tunnistaa palvelun kontaktipisteet ja näin ollen otaksuttavasti parantaa asiakaskokemusta.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ LUTPubarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    LUTPub
    2017
    Data sources: LUTPub
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Tyrväinen, Tomi;

    Liiketoiminnan organisoiminen projekteiksi on erittäin yleistä nykyisin. Suuri osa projekteista erityisesti IT-alalla epäonnistuu kuitenkin saavuttamaan tavoitteensa. Projektin menestys on tyypillisesti mitattu budjetin, aikataulun, laadun ja sidosryhmien tyytyväisyyden perusteella. Tämän Pro Gradu -tutkielman tarkoituksena on etsiä tyypillisimpiä syitä projektien epäonnistumiseen ja löytää projektien seurannan ja mittaamisen avulla keinoja näiden epäonnistumisten ehkäisemiseen. Tutkimusmenetelmänä on laadullinen tapaustutkimus. Empiirinen aineisto on kerätty haastattelujen, eri materiaalien analysoinnin ja havainnoinnin avulla. Teoriaosuus tarjoaa kattavan yhteenvedon projektiliiketoiminnan ja yksittäisten projektien johtamiseen sekä projektien seurantaan ja mittaamiseen aikaisemman kirjallisuuden perusteella. Empiirisessä osiossa suoritetaan analyysi Case -yrityksen projektien seurantaan ja valittuihin projekteihin. Analyysien, haastattelujen ja havainnoinnin pohjalta tehdään johtopäätökset tyypillisimmistä, ongelmia projekteissa aiheuttavista tekijöistä sekä näiden esiintymisestä projektin elinkaaren eri vaiheissa. Mahdolliset ongelmia ehkäisevät keinot esitetään myös. Ehdotuksia kehityskohteiksi esitetään lopuksi teorian ja empirian pohjalta. Organizing business as projects is very common in today’s business life. Projects, especially in the IT sector, have high tendency to fail. Typically project success has been measured against budget, schedule, quality and stakeholder satisfaction. The purpose of this thesis is to study the reasons for project failures and try to find project controlling and monitoring practices to avoid them. The research method in this thesis is qualitative and it is conducted as a case study. Empirical data is collected through interviews, material analysis and participant observation. The theoretical part based on the previous literature provides a comprehensive summary of the practices in managing project business and single projects and measuring project performance. The project monitoring processes of the case company are presented and analysis of the selected project portfolio is conducted. Based on the material analysis, interviews and observations, a conclusion of the most typical factors causing project failure and their occurrence in the project life cycle is drawn. In addition, possible actions to avoid failure are introduced. Suggestions for development are presented based on the combination of literature and the empirical analysis.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ LUTPubarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    LUTPub
    2014
    Data sources: LUTPub
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Peltonen, Veera;

    The integrity of the steam generators has a significant impact on the safety and long-term operation of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants. The corrosion of secondary circuit materials subjects steam generators to various degradation phenomena and reduces plant efficiency as corrosion products may deposit on steam generator surfaces and harden. This master’s thesis focuses on studying the deposition and especially the hardening of the corrosion product, magnetite, in simulated steam generator conditions. The deposition and hardening of magnetite were studied with two experimental setups. The in-situ laboratory system allowed real-time observation of deposit formation at atmospheric pressure and temperatures up to 100 °C. The detected processes are analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and modelled with simple equivalent circuits. The second setup, pipe cell, enabled to perform magnetite hardening experiments in simulated steam generator conditions and estimate the deposition effects to heat transfer properties. The cell samples are examined by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry to analyze microscopic properties. When imaging the pieces from the regions of the pipe cell experiment, various surface morphologies were observed indicating different deposition behaviour of magnetite. The imaging of the filtrations cast in SEM resin was challenging due to the applied alumina and silica, but at the same time helped to highlight the small differences between the experiments. No formation of uniform deposits was achieved with the in-situ EIS laboratory equipment and only the oxide layer on the metal surface and the electrical double layer was detected in the recorded impedance spectrum. Unfortunately, this experimental setup broke down in the middle of the last experiment, but a new version is already being designed for possible further studies. Höyrystimien kunnolla on merkittävä vaikutus painevesireaktoriydinvoimalaitosten turvallisuuteen ja pitkäaikaiseen toimintaan. Sekundääripiirin materiaalien korroosio altistaa höyrystimet erilaisille vaurioitumisilmiöille ja heikentää laitoksen hyötysuhdetta, koska korroosiotuotteet voivat saostuvat höyrystimen pinnoille ja kovettua. Tässä diplomityössä keskitytään korroosiotuotteen, magnetiitin, saostumiseen ja erityisesti kovettumiseen simuloiduissa höyrystinolosuhteissa. Magnetiitin saostumista ja kovettumista tutkittiin kahdella koelaitteistolla. Laboratoriojärjestelmä mahdollisti saostuman reaaliaikaisen havainnoinnin ilman paineessa ja jopa 100 °C:n lämpötiloissa. Havaitut prosessit analysoitiin sähkökemiallisella impedanssispektroskopialla ja mallinnettiin yksinkertaisilla ekvivalenttipiireillä. Toinen koelaitteisto, putkikenno, mahdollisti magnetiitin kovettumiskokeiden toteuttamisen simuloiduissa höyrystinolosuhteissa sekä saostuman vaikutuksen arvioinnin lämmönsiirtoon. Kennonäytteitä tutkittiin pyyhkäisyelektronimikroskoopilla ja energiadispersiivisellä spektrometrialla pienten ominaisuuksien havaitsemiseksi. Kuvattaessa näytteitä putkikennokokeiden alueilta havaittiin erilaisia pinnan muotoja viitaten magnetiitin erilaisiin saostumiin. Valettujen suodatusten kuvantaminen oli haastavaa kokeissa käytettyjen alumiini- ja piidioksidin vuoksi, mutta samalla ne auttoivat tuomaan esiin pieniä eroja kokeiden välillä. Laboratoriolaitteistolla ei saatu muodostettua yhtenäisiä saostumia, ja impedanssispektristä havaittiin vain metallin pinnalla oleva oksidi- ja sähköinen kaksoiskerros. Valitettavasti tämä koelaitteisto hajosi kesken viimeisen kokeen, mutta uutta versiota suunnitellaan jo mahdollisia jatkotutkimuksia varten.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ LUTPubarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    LUTPub
    2022
    Data sources: LUTPub
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Wang, Zhao;

    The objective of this thesis was to study the effect of pulsed electric field on the preparation of TiO2 nanoparticles via sol-gel method under the visible light irradiation. The literature part introduces properties of different TiO2 crystal forms and principle of photocatalysis. It was expected that pulsed electric field would have an influence on degradation for oxalic acid and formic acid. TiO2 samples were prepared by using three frequencies (50Hz, 294Hz, and 963Hz) and two treatment times (12 minutes and 24 minutes) of pulsed electric field. The photocatalytic activities of TiO2 samples produced with sol-gel method were also compared with the TiO2 particles made by previous study and with the commercial TiO2 powder Aeroxide® (Evonic Degussa GmbH) at the same condition. Results show that pulsed electric field does have an effect on degradation for oxalic acid and formic acid. Generally, higher photocatalytic activities for oxalic acid and formic acid were obtained with lower frequency and longer treatment time of pulsed electric field.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ LUTPubarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    LUTPub
    2015
    Data sources: LUTPub
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Bogale, Kirubel;

    The main objective of the present study was to analyze the best approach on how to coat paperboard trays at the pressing stage. The coating gives the paperboard enhanced barrier and mechanical properties. The whole process chain of the barrier coating development was studied in the research. The methodology applied includes obtaining the optimum temperature at which good adhesion and bonding is formed between paperboard and skin film. Evaluation of mechanical properties after the coatings; such as cracking, curling and barrier properties was performed.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ LUTPubarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    LUTPub
    2014
    Data sources: LUTPub
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Leppänen, Jukka;

    The implementation of major supply projects is a complicated endeavour typically requiring the workload of countless human resources. Companies undertaking the planning of these projects are often organizations with several of these types of projects planned and implemented concurrently, and at the same time they must be able to enter into new project contracts to secure the future of the organization. Project supplier organizations must therefore plan the operations in the interface of sales and project execution to be able to successfully finish existing process and to find new projects that fit the strategic goals and internal situation of the organization. In a multiple project situation, it is important to successfully manage single projects according to planned schedules and resource utilization. Resource management factors such as resource amount and their competencies and critical resource for each project should be identified and secured for the use of the projects. In order to enable successful project delivery, key factors are clear project schedules and task scheduling, determined task priorities as well as well-specified task deliverables. Successful project sales phase is an important prerequisite in guaranteeing successful project execution. Most important customer requirements must be communicated between the sales function and project executing organization. The project supply organization must identify a right-size market and evaluate project prospects so that the fit of the projects to the organization’s strategic goals and internal situation is optimal and adequate resources and competencies can be secured to enable the fulfilment of long-term strategic goals and long-term success. Suuren kokoluokan toimitusprojektien toteuttaminen vaatii tyypillisesti lukemattomien työntekijöiden työpanoksen. Tämänkaltaisia toimitusprojekteja toteuttavat yritykset tekevät usein useita projekteja samanaikaisesti, ja samalla organisaation on kyettävä varmistamaan uusien projektisopimusten solmiminen organisaation tulevaisuuden toiminnan turvaamiseksi. Projektitoimittajaorganisaatioissa onkin koko ajan kyettävä suunniteltava organisaation toiminta onnistuneesti myynnin ja toteutusorganisaation rajapinnassa olemassa olevien projektien läpiviennin onnistumiseksi ja organisaation strategiaan ja organisaation tilanteeseen sopivien uusien projektien löytämiseksi. Moniprojektitilanteissa korostuvat yksittäisten projektien onnistunut ja aikataulun mukainen läpivienti, organisaation resurssien hallintatekijät, kuten projektiin tarvittavan resurssimäärän ja -osaamisen sekä kriittisten resurssien tunnistaminen ja varmistaminen toteutettavien projektien käyttöön. Onnistuneiden projektitoimitusten mahdollistamiseksi projektien selkeä aikatauluttaminen, työtehtävien priorisointi sekä työtehtävien kohteena olevien tuotteiden määrittely ovat avainasemassa. Organisaation on tunnistettava oikeankokoinen markkina ja arvioitava projektimahdollisuuksien välillä kaikkein parhaiten organisaation strategiaan ja tilanteeseen sopivat projektit. Tällä varmistetaan projektien toteutusvaiheessa riittävät ja oikeanlaiset resurssit ja mahdollistetaan yrityksen pitkän aikavälin strategisten tavoitteiden ja menestyksen toteutuminen. Projektien myyntivaiheen onnistuminen on tärkeä edellytys onnistuneelle projektitoteutukselle. Tärkeimmät asiakasvaatimukset on pystyttävä viestimään myynnin ja projektia toteuttavan organisaation välillä.

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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    LUTPub
    2019
    Data sources: LUTPub
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Luukkainen, Laura;

    Ensuring access to external resources is an important task to companies. Companies cannot survive alone, they are dependent on other party’s resources to some extent. Therefore, it is important to be able to secure constant and stable material flow. The aim of this master’s thesis is to find out, how a buying company can ensure and improve access to external resources. As a case study, there is a multinational electrical manufacturing company, and more accurately, its one business unit. The study investigated especially, how portfolio models and management of power and supplier relations influence on material availability, and these topics were also utilized in theoretical framework of the study. Data of the study has been collected mainly from semi-structured interviews and thematic approach was utilized in the analysis process. As a result of the empirical study, it was created a portfolio model for the case company, and with that the suppliers can be classified systematically. In addition, it was found many other ways to improve access to external resources. Most central findings were impact of life cycle management to procurement process and different kinds of storage agreements with suppliers, such as buffer stocks. Ulkoisten resurssien saatavuuden varmistaminen on tärkeä tehtävä yrityksissä. Yritykset eivät pärjää omillaan, vaan ovat riippuvaisia toisen osapuolen resursseista jollain tasolla. Siksi yrityksille on tärkeää pystyä varmistamaan katkeamaton ja varma materiaalivirta. Tämän pro gradu -tutkielman kohteena on selvittää, millä keinoilla ostava yritys pystyy varmistamaan ja parantamaan ulkoisten resurssien saatavuutta. Tapaustutkimuksen kohteena on monikansallisen sähkötuotteita valmistava yritys, ja tarkemmin sen yksi liiketoimintayksikkö. Tutkimuksessa tutkittiin erityisesti, miten portfoliomallit, voimasuhteiden hallinta ja toimittajasuhteiden hallinta vaikuttavat materiaalien saatavuuteen, ja näitä aihealueita on hyödynnetty myös tutkimuksen teoreettisena viitekehyksenä. Tutkimuksen data on kerätty pääasiassa puolistrukturoiduilla haastatteluilla, ja analyysissä on hyödynnetty temaattista lähestymistä. Empiirisen tutkimuksen tuloksena kohdeyritykselle luotiin portfoliomalli, jolla tavarantoimittajia pystytään luokittelemaan systemaattisesti. Lisäksi löydettiin monia muita keinoja, joilla ulkoisten resurssien saatavuutta voidaan parantaa. Näistä keskeisimpiä löydöksiä olivat elinkaarimallin vaikutus hankintaprosessiin ja erilaiset toimittajien kanssa tehtävät varastointisopimukset, kuten puskurivarastot.

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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    LUTPub
    2019
    Data sources: LUTPub
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Pirttinokka, Ville;

    Tässä diplomityössä tarkasteltiin Nissan Leaf -sähköauton käytetyn litiumakun soveltuvuutta UPS-varavirtalaitteen energialähteeksi. Kun akku on heikentynyt niin ettei sen kapasiteetti enää ole riittävä autokäyttöön, sitä voidaan kuitenkin vielä hyödyntää muissa sovelluksissa, kuten UPS-laitteessa. Työ sai alkunsa osana GreenDataNet-projektia, jossa pyritään kehittämään datakeskuksiin ympäristöä vähemmän kuormittavia ratkaisuja käyttämällä uusiutuvia energialähteitä, akkujen uusiokäytöllä, sekä energianhallinnan optimoinnilla. Työssä käytiin läpi akun ja sen ohjausjärjestelmän ominaisuuksia, kerrottiin UPS:in ohjelmistoon tehdyistä muutoksista sekä esitettiin testitulokset. Lopputuloksena todettiin akun sopivan muuten hyvin UPS-käyttöön, mutta vaadittu päivittäinen kennojännitteiden tasaus ja sen aiheuttama katkos energian saatavuuteen heikentää UPSin käyttövarmuutta kuorman suojauksessa. Lopussa esitettiin muutamia ehdotuksia tämän ongelman korjaamiseksi. This thesis examined the Nissan Leaf electric vehicle used battery’s compatibility of the UPS backup power device as an energy source. When the battery’s capacity is reduced in order that it is no longer sufficient for car use, however, it can still be used in other applications, such as UPS. The work was initiated as a part of the GreenDataNet project, which aims to develop environmentally friendlier solutions for data centers by using renewable energy, such as the re-use of lithium-ion batteries, as well as energy management optimization. The work went through the characteristics of the battery and its control system, modifications in to the software UPS was illustrated, in addition to the test results. As a result, the battery was otherwise found suitable for UPS use, but the required daily cell voltage balancing and the outage of backup power caused by the unavailability of energy reduces the resilient and reliable operation of the UPS. At the end proposals were presented to remedy this problem.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ LUTPubarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    LUTPub
    2016
    Data sources: LUTPub
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  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Taavitsainen, Timo;

    The purpose of this study is to identify and examine the long-term and short-term relationships between market indices and selected macroeconomic variables in three different Nordic countries (Finland, Sweden and Norway). In the focus are the long-term cointegrating relationships as well as the short-term causal relationships between the market indices and similar macroeconomic variables for each country. In the literature review a great number of similar studies are presented and examined, but until now, no focused examination for these countries have been conducted. For each country, an all-share index is chosen to represent the markets and the selected four macroeconomic variables are consumer price index, long-term interest rate, exchange rate and industrial production index. Data is in monthly frequency and the time period is from the June 2000 to June 2018, 217 months in total. The main study methods are the Johansen’s cointegration test, vector error correction models and Granger causality tests. From the cointegration tests it can be concluded, that for each country, a cointegrating relationship exists, meaning that in long-term the market indices and macroeconomic variables move together. Natures of these found relationships are analysed further with the VECM. Short-term causal relationships are found to exist between some of the macroeconomic variables and market indices from both VECM and Granger causality tests. The nature of found relationships, both long-term and short-term, vary for each country, implying that macroeconomic fundamentals are different for each country and the markets react to changes in macroeconomic variables differently across these countries. Tämä tutkielman tarkoituksena on tunnistaa ja tarkastella pitkän ja lyhyen ajan suhteita markkinaindeksien ja valittujen makrotaloudellisten muuttujien välillä kolmessa Pohjoismaassa (Suomessa, Ruotsissa ja Norjassa). Lähemmässä tarkastelussa ovat pitkän aikavälin yhteisintegroituneet suhteet sekä lyhyen aikavälin kausaalit suhteet markkinaindeksien ja makrotaloudellisten muuttujien välillä jokaisessa maassa. Kirjallisuuskatsauksessa tarkastellaan runsaasti samantapaisia tutkimuksia, mutta tähän mennessä yhtä yksityiskohtaista tarkastelua näille maille ei ole tehty. Jokaiselle maalle on valittu markkinaindeksi ja neljä valittua makrotaloudellista muuttujaa ovat kuluttajahintaindeksi, pitkän ajan korko, valuuttakurssi sekä teollisuustuotannon indeksi. Data on kuukausittaisessa muodossa aikaväliltä heinäkuusta 2000 heinäkuuhun 2018, kaiken kaikkiaan siis 217 kuukautta. Päätutkimusmetodit ovat Johansenin yhteisintegroituvuustestit, vektorivirhekorjausmallit ja Grangerin kausaliteettitestit. Yhteisintegroituvuustesteistä jokaiselle maalle havaitaan yhteisintegroituva suhde pitkälle aikavälille, mikä tarkoittaa, että markkinaindeksit ja makrotaloudelliset muuttujat kehittyvät yhdessä ajan mittaan. Pitkän aikavälin suhteita analysoidaan tarkemmin vektorivirhekorjausmalleilla. Lyhyen aikavälin kausaaleja suhteita havaitaan sekä vektorivirhekorjausmalleilla että Grangerin kausaliteettitesteillä makrotaloudellisten muuttujien ja markkinaindeksien välillä. Löydettyjen pitkäaikaisten ja lyhytaikaisten suhteiden välillä on eroja eri maissa, mikä kertoo, että makrotaloudelliset perusteet vaihtelevat maakohtaisesti ja markkinat reagoivat eri tavalla makrotaloudellisiin muutoksiin.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ LUTPubarrow_drop_down
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    LUTPub
    2019
    Data sources: LUTPub
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Ssebugere, Patrick;

    This thesis describes the occurrence and sources of selected persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) in the northern watershed of Lake Victoria. Sediments and fish were collected from three highly polluted embayments (i.e. Murchison Bay, Napoleon Gulf and Thurston Bay) of the lake. The analysis for PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PBDEs was done using a high resolution mass spectrometer coupled to a gas chromatograph (GC), and a GC equipped with an electron capture detector was used for HCHs. Total (Σ) PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PBDEs in sediments ranged from 3.19 to 478, 313 to 4325 and 60.8 to 179 pg g-1 dry weight (dw), respectively. The highest concentrations of pollutants were found at sites close to industrial areas and wastewater discharge points. The maximum concentrations of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, PBDEs and HCHs in fish muscle homogenates were 49, 779, 495 and 45,900 pg g-1 wet weight (ww), respectively. The concentrations of the pollutants in Nile perch (Lates niloticus) were significantly greater than those in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), possibly due to differences in trophic level and dietary feeding habits among fish species. World Health Organization-toxic equivalency quotient (WHO2005-TEQ) values in the sediments were up to 4.24 pg g-1 dw for PCDD/Fs and 0.55 pg TEQ g-1 dw for the 12 dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs). 23.1% of the samples from the Napoleon Gulf were above the interim sediment quality guideline value of 0.85 pg WHO-TEQ g-1 dw set by the Canadian Council for Ministers of the Environment. The WHO2005-TEQs in fish were 0.001-0.16 pg g-1 for PCDD/Fs and 0.001-0.31 pg g-1 ww for dl- PCBs. The TEQ values were within a permissible level of 3.5 pg g−1 ww recommended by the European Commission. Based on the Commission set TEQs and minimum risk level criteria formulated by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, the consumption of fish from Lake Victoria gives no indication of health risks associated to PCDD/Fs and PCBs. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that anthropogenic activities such as agricultural straw open burning, medical waste incinerators and municipal solid waste combustors were the major sources of PCDD/Fs in the watershed of Lake Victoria. The ratios of α-/γ-HCH varied from 0.89 to 1.68 suggesting that the highest HCH residues mainly came from earlier usage and fresh γ-HCH (lindane). In the present study, the concentration of POPs in fish were not significantly related to those in sediments, and the biota sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) concept was found to be a poor predictor of the bioavailability and bioaccumulation of environmental pollutants.

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    LUTPub
    2015
    Data sources: LUTPub
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    Nuutinen, Susanna;

    This thesis studies customer experience through service design methods in the context of record stores. The theoretical objective has been to explore customer experience and service design, as well as service design tools and methods, based on prior literature on these concepts. Companies should be able to orchestrate touchpoints on a holistic customer journey in order to provide successful customer experiences. The empirical research was conducted by examining three record stores, using a multiple-case study approach and qualitative methods. The data collection was a three-phase process: it comprised direct observation and semistructured face-to-face interviews with the customers at the stores and with one record store keeper. The selection criteria for the customer interviewees were random. Out of the total of 18 interviewees, four were female and 14 were male. Their ages ranged from 21 to 42 years with an average age of 30 years. The results suggest that service design methods can be applied in the context of record stores. This study gives examples of personas and customer experience maps that are created from the empirical research data. Based on the results, service design can be used in the future to help record stores to identify their potential customer profile, create more pleasant customer journeys and recognize different touchpoints, thereby potentially improving the customer experience. Tässä Pro gradu -tutkielmassa tutkitaan asiakaskokemusta levykaupoissa palvelumuotoilun menetelmien avulla. Tutkimuksen teoreettisessa os uudessa tutustutaan asiakaskokemuksen ja palvelumuotoilun käsitteisiin – sekä palvelumuotoilun menetelmiin ja työkaluihin, aiempaan tutkimukseen pohjaten. Tutkimuskirjallisuuden perusteella voidaan sanoa, että yritysten tulisi pystyä järjestämään kokonaisvaltaisen palvelupolun kontaktipisteet kattavasti, jotta asiakaskokemus olisi onnistunut. Empiirinen tutkimus tehtiin laadullisena monitapaustutkimuksena, jossa tutkittiin kolmea levykauppaa. Tutkielman aineisto kerättiin kolmivaiheisesti: vaiheet olivat suora observointi, tapaustutkimukseen valituissa levykaupoissa tehdyt puolistrukturoidut asiakashaastattelut, sekä yksi levykauppiaan haastattelu. Asiakashaastateltavien valintakriteeri oli satunnainen. Heitä oli yhteensä 18, joista neljä oli naisia ja 14 miehiä. Asiakashaastateltavien keskimääräinen ikä oli 30 vuotta, ja ikähaarukka oli 21–42 vuotta. Tutkielman tulosten mukaan palvelumuotoilun menetelmiä voidaan soveltaa levykauppakontekstissa. Väitteen tueksi tutkielmassa esitetään tutkimustulosten pohjalta luodut persoonat ja näiden palvelupolkukartat. Tutkimuksen perusteella voidaan tehdä se johtopäätös, että palvelumuotoilun avulla levykaupat voivat tulevaisuudessa tunnistaa potentiaalisia asiakasprofiileja, luoda miellyttävämpiä asiakaspolkuja, tunnistaa palvelun kontaktipisteet ja näin ollen otaksuttavasti parantaa asiakaskokemusta.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ LUTPubarrow_drop_down
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    LUTPub
    2017
    Data sources: LUTPub
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Tyrväinen, Tomi;

    Liiketoiminnan organisoiminen projekteiksi on erittäin yleistä nykyisin. Suuri osa projekteista erityisesti IT-alalla epäonnistuu kuitenkin saavuttamaan tavoitteensa. Projektin menestys on tyypillisesti mitattu budjetin, aikataulun, laadun ja sidosryhmien tyytyväisyyden perusteella. Tämän Pro Gradu -tutkielman tarkoituksena on etsiä tyypillisimpiä syitä projektien epäonnistumiseen ja löytää projektien seurannan ja mittaamisen avulla keinoja näiden epäonnistumisten ehkäisemiseen. Tutkimusmenetelmänä on laadullinen tapaustutkimus. Empiirinen aineisto on kerätty haastattelujen, eri materiaalien analysoinnin ja havainnoinnin avulla. Teoriaosuus tarjoaa kattavan yhteenvedon projektiliiketoiminnan ja yksittäisten projektien johtamiseen sekä projektien seurantaan ja mittaamiseen aikaisemman kirjallisuuden perusteella. Empiirisessä osiossa suoritetaan analyysi Case -yrityksen projektien seurantaan ja valittuihin projekteihin. Analyysien, haastattelujen ja havainnoinnin pohjalta tehdään johtopäätökset tyypillisimmistä, ongelmia projekteissa aiheuttavista tekijöistä sekä näiden esiintymisestä projektin elinkaaren eri vaiheissa. Mahdolliset ongelmia ehkäisevät keinot esitetään myös. Ehdotuksia kehityskohteiksi esitetään lopuksi teorian ja empirian pohjalta. Organizing business as projects is very common in today’s business life. Projects, especially in the IT sector, have high tendency to fail. Typically project success has been measured against budget, schedule, quality and stakeholder satisfaction. The purpose of this thesis is to study the reasons for project failures and try to find project controlling and monitoring practices to avoid them. The research method in this thesis is qualitative and it is conducted as a case study. Empirical data is collected through interviews, material analysis and participant observation. The theoretical part based on the previous literature provides a comprehensive summary of the practices in managing project business and single projects and measuring project performance. The project monitoring processes of the case company are presented and analysis of the selected project portfolio is conducted. Based on the material analysis, interviews and observations, a conclusion of the most typical factors causing project failure and their occurrence in the project life cycle is drawn. In addition, possible actions to avoid failure are introduced. Suggestions for development are presented based on the combination of literature and the empirical analysis.

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    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    LUTPub
    2014
    Data sources: LUTPub
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    Peltonen, Veera;

    The integrity of the steam generators has a significant impact on the safety and long-term operation of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants. The corrosion of secondary circuit materials subjects steam generators to various degradation phenomena and reduces plant efficiency as corrosion products may deposit on steam generator surfaces and harden. This master’s thesis focuses on studying the deposition and especially the hardening of the corrosion product, magnetite, in simulated steam generator conditions. The deposition and hardening of magnetite were studied with two experimental setups. The in-situ laboratory system allowed real-time observation of deposit formation at atmospheric pressure and temperatures up to 100 °C. The detected processes are analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and modelled with simple equivalent circuits. The second setup, pipe cell, enabled to perform magnetite hardening experiments in simulated steam generator conditions and estimate the deposition effects to heat transfer properties. The cell samples are examined by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry to analyze microscopic properties. When imaging the pieces from the regions of the pipe cell experiment, various surface morphologies were observed indicating different deposition behaviour of magnetite. The imaging of the filtrations cast in SEM resin was challenging due to the applied alumina and silica, but at the same time helped to highlight the small differences between the experiments. No formation of uniform deposits was achieved with the in-situ EIS laboratory equipment and only the oxide layer on the metal surface and the electrical double layer was detected in the recorded impedance spectrum. Unfortunately, this experimental setup broke down in the middle of the last experiment, but a new version is already being designed for possible further studies. Höyrystimien kunnolla on merkittävä vaikutus painevesireaktoriydinvoimalaitosten turvallisuuteen ja pitkäaikaiseen toimintaan. Sekundääripiirin materiaalien korroosio altistaa höyrystimet erilaisille vaurioitumisilmiöille ja heikentää laitoksen hyötysuhdetta, koska korroosiotuotteet voivat saostuvat höyrystimen pinnoille ja kovettua. Tässä diplomityössä keskitytään korroosiotuotteen, magnetiitin, saostumiseen ja erityisesti kovettumiseen simuloiduissa höyrystinolosuhteissa. Magnetiitin saostumista ja kovettumista tutkittiin kahdella koelaitteistolla. Laboratoriojärjestelmä mahdollisti saostuman reaaliaikaisen havainnoinnin ilman paineessa ja jopa 100 °C:n lämpötiloissa. Havaitut prosessit analysoitiin sähkökemiallisella impedanssispektroskopialla ja mallinnettiin yksinkertaisilla ekvivalenttipiireillä. Toinen koelaitteisto, putkikenno, mahdollisti magnetiitin kovettumiskokeiden toteuttamisen simuloiduissa höyrystinolosuhteissa sekä saostuman vaikutuksen arvioinnin lämmönsiirtoon. Kennonäytteitä tutkittiin pyyhkäisyelektronimikroskoopilla ja energiadispersiivisellä spektrometrialla pienten ominaisuuksien havaitsemiseksi. Kuvattaessa näytteitä putkikennokokeiden alueilta havaittiin erilaisia pinnan muotoja viitaten magnetiitin erilaisiin saostumiin. Valettujen suodatusten kuvantaminen oli haastavaa kokeissa käytettyjen alumiini- ja piidioksidin vuoksi, mutta samalla ne auttoivat tuomaan esiin pieniä eroja kokeiden välillä. Laboratoriolaitteistolla ei saatu muodostettua yhtenäisiä saostumia, ja impedanssispektristä havaittiin vain metallin pinnalla oleva oksidi- ja sähköinen kaksoiskerros. Valitettavasti tämä koelaitteisto hajosi kesken viimeisen kokeen, mutta uutta versiota suunnitellaan jo mahdollisia jatkotutkimuksia varten.

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    LUTPub
    2022
    Data sources: LUTPub
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Wang, Zhao;

    The objective of this thesis was to study the effect of pulsed electric field on the preparation of TiO2 nanoparticles via sol-gel method under the visible light irradiation. The literature part introduces properties of different TiO2 crystal forms and principle of photocatalysis. It was expected that pulsed electric field would have an influence on degradation for oxalic acid and formic acid. TiO2 samples were prepared by using three frequencies (50Hz, 294Hz, and 963Hz) and two treatment times (12 minutes and 24 minutes) of pulsed electric field. The photocatalytic activities of TiO2 samples produced with sol-gel method were also compared with the TiO2 particles made by previous study and with the commercial TiO2 powder Aeroxide® (Evonic Degussa GmbH) at the same condition. Results show that pulsed electric field does have an effect on degradation for oxalic acid and formic acid. Generally, higher photocatalytic activities for oxalic acid and formic acid were obtained with lower frequency and longer treatment time of pulsed electric field.

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    LUTPub
    2015
    Data sources: LUTPub
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Bogale, Kirubel;

    The main objective of the present study was to analyze the best approach on how to coat paperboard trays at the pressing stage. The coating gives the paperboard enhanced barrier and mechanical properties. The whole process chain of the barrier coating development was studied in the research. The methodology applied includes obtaining the optimum temperature at which good adhesion and bonding is formed between paperboard and skin film. Evaluation of mechanical properties after the coatings; such as cracking, curling and barrier properties was performed.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ LUTPubarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    LUTPub
    2014
    Data sources: LUTPub
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Leppänen, Jukka;

    The implementation of major supply projects is a complicated endeavour typically requiring the workload of countless human resources. Companies undertaking the planning of these projects are often organizations with several of these types of projects planned and implemented concurrently, and at the same time they must be able to enter into new project contracts to secure the future of the organization. Project supplier organizations must therefore plan the operations in the interface of sales and project execution to be able to successfully finish existing process and to find new projects that fit the strategic goals and internal situation of the organization. In a multiple project situation, it is important to successfully manage single projects according to planned schedules and resource utilization. Resource management factors such as resource amount and their competencies and critical resource for each project should be identified and secured for the use of the projects. In order to enable successful project delivery, key factors are clear project schedules and task scheduling, determined task priorities as well as well-specified task deliverables. Successful project sales phase is an important prerequisite in guaranteeing successful project execution. Most important customer requirements must be communicated between the sales function and project executing organization. The project supply organization must identify a right-size market and evaluate project prospects so that the fit of the projects to the organization’s strategic goals and internal situation is optimal and adequate resources and competencies can be secured to enable the fulfilment of long-term strategic goals and long-term success. Suuren kokoluokan toimitusprojektien toteuttaminen vaatii tyypillisesti lukemattomien työntekijöiden työpanoksen. Tämänkaltaisia toimitusprojekteja toteuttavat yritykset tekevät usein useita projekteja samanaikaisesti, ja samalla organisaation on kyettävä varmistamaan uusien projektisopimusten solmiminen organisaation tulevaisuuden toiminnan turvaamiseksi. Projektitoimittajaorganisaatioissa onkin koko ajan kyettävä suunniteltava organisaation toiminta onnistuneesti myynnin ja toteutusorganisaation rajapinnassa olemassa olevien projektien läpiviennin onnistumiseksi ja organisaation strategiaan ja organisaation tilanteeseen sopivien uusien projektien löytämiseksi. Moniprojektitilanteissa korostuvat yksittäisten projektien onnistunut ja aikataulun mukainen läpivienti, organisaation resurssien hallintatekijät, kuten projektiin tarvittavan resurssimäärän ja -osaamisen sekä kriittisten resurssien tunnistaminen ja varmistaminen toteutettavien projektien käyttöön. Onnistuneiden projektitoimitusten mahdollistamiseksi projektien selkeä aikatauluttaminen, työtehtävien priorisointi sekä työtehtävien kohteena olevien tuotteiden määrittely ovat avainasemassa. Organisaation on tunnistettava oikeankokoinen markkina ja arvioitava projektimahdollisuuksien välillä kaikkein parhaiten organisaation strategiaan ja tilanteeseen sopivat projektit. Tällä varmistetaan projektien toteutusvaiheessa riittävät ja oikeanlaiset resurssit ja mahdollistetaan yrityksen pitkän aikavälin strategisten tavoitteiden ja menestyksen toteutuminen. Projektien myyntivaiheen onnistuminen on tärkeä edellytys onnistuneelle projektitoteutukselle. Tärkeimmät asiakasvaatimukset on pystyttävä viestimään myynnin ja projektia toteuttavan organisaation välillä.

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    LUTPub
    2019
    Data sources: LUTPub
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Luukkainen, Laura;

    Ensuring access to external resources is an important task to companies. Companies cannot survive alone, they are dependent on other party’s resources to some extent. Therefore, it is important to be able to secure constant and stable material flow. The aim of this master’s thesis is to find out, how a buying company can ensure and improve access to external resources. As a case study, there is a multinational electrical manufacturing company, and more accurately, its one business unit. The study investigated especially, how portfolio models and management of power and supplier relations influence on material availability, and these topics were also utilized in theoretical framework of the study. Data of the study has been collected mainly from semi-structured interviews and thematic approach was utilized in the analysis process. As a result of the empirical study, it was created a portfolio model for the case company, and with that the suppliers can be classified systematically. In addition, it was found many other ways to improve access to external resources. Most central findings were impact of life cycle management to procurement process and different kinds of storage agreements with suppliers, such as buffer stocks. Ulkoisten resurssien saatavuuden varmistaminen on tärkeä tehtävä yrityksissä. Yritykset eivät pärjää omillaan, vaan ovat riippuvaisia toisen osapuolen resursseista jollain tasolla. Siksi yrityksille on tärkeää pystyä varmistamaan katkeamaton ja varma materiaalivirta. Tämän pro gradu -tutkielman kohteena on selvittää, millä keinoilla ostava yritys pystyy varmistamaan ja parantamaan ulkoisten resurssien saatavuutta. Tapaustutkimuksen kohteena on monikansallisen sähkötuotteita valmistava yritys, ja tarkemmin sen yksi liiketoimintayksikkö. Tutkimuksessa tutkittiin erityisesti, miten portfoliomallit, voimasuhteiden hallinta ja toimittajasuhteiden hallinta vaikuttavat materiaalien saatavuuteen, ja näitä aihealueita on hyödynnetty myös tutkimuksen teoreettisena viitekehyksenä. Tutkimuksen data on kerätty pääasiassa puolistrukturoiduilla haastatteluilla, ja analyysissä on hyödynnetty temaattista lähestymistä. Empiirisen tutkimuksen tuloksena kohdeyritykselle luotiin portfoliomalli, jolla tavarantoimittajia pystytään luokittelemaan systemaattisesti. Lisäksi löydettiin monia muita keinoja, joilla ulkoisten resurssien saatavuutta voidaan parantaa. Näistä keskeisimpiä löydöksiä olivat elinkaarimallin vaikutus hankintaprosessiin ja erilaiset toimittajien kanssa tehtävät varastointisopimukset, kuten puskurivarastot.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ LUTPubarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    LUTPub
    2019
    Data sources: LUTPub
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Pirttinokka, Ville;

    Tässä diplomityössä tarkasteltiin Nissan Leaf -sähköauton käytetyn litiumakun soveltuvuutta UPS-varavirtalaitteen energialähteeksi. Kun akku on heikentynyt niin ettei sen kapasiteetti enää ole riittävä autokäyttöön, sitä voidaan kuitenkin vielä hyödyntää muissa sovelluksissa, kuten UPS-laitteessa. Työ sai alkunsa osana GreenDataNet-projektia, jossa pyritään kehittämään datakeskuksiin ympäristöä vähemmän kuormittavia ratkaisuja käyttämällä uusiutuvia energialähteitä, akkujen uusiokäytöllä, sekä energianhallinnan optimoinnilla. Työssä käytiin läpi akun ja sen ohjausjärjestelmän ominaisuuksia, kerrottiin UPS:in ohjelmistoon tehdyistä muutoksista sekä esitettiin testitulokset. Lopputuloksena todettiin akun sopivan muuten hyvin UPS-käyttöön, mutta vaadittu päivittäinen kennojännitteiden tasaus ja sen aiheuttama katkos energian saatavuuteen heikentää UPSin käyttövarmuutta kuorman suojauksessa. Lopussa esitettiin muutamia ehdotuksia tämän ongelman korjaamiseksi. This thesis examined the Nissan Leaf electric vehicle used battery’s compatibility of the UPS backup power device as an energy source. When the battery’s capacity is reduced in order that it is no longer sufficient for car use, however, it can still be used in other applications, such as UPS. The work was initiated as a part of the GreenDataNet project, which aims to develop environmentally friendlier solutions for data centers by using renewable energy, such as the re-use of lithium-ion batteries, as well as energy management optimization. The work went through the characteristics of the battery and its control system, modifications in to the software UPS was illustrated, in addition to the test results. As a result, the battery was otherwise found suitable for UPS use, but the required daily cell voltage balancing and the outage of backup power caused by the unavailability of energy reduces the resilient and reliable operation of the UPS. At the end proposals were presented to remedy this problem.

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    LUTPub
    2016
    Data sources: LUTPub
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