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The causative role of inflammation in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) has been well established.1 Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a condition associated with systemic inflammation, is included in the CVD risk calculation provided by an analysis of the national QRESEARCH database that included 2.3 million people.2 Furthermore, in clinical practice, the most recent European guidelines clearly state that RA enhances CVD risk independent of traditional risk factors, with a risk ratio of 1.4 and 1.5 for men and women, respectively.3 Thus, there is now considerable evidence supporting that CVD incidence is increased by about 50% in patients with RA and that one of the leading causes of increased mortality in these patients is early CVD caused by accelerated atherogenesis.4 Therefore, the Cardiovascular Inflammation Reduction Trial (CIRT) trial aimed to assess the effect of inhibiting inflammation with low-dose methotrexate (vs placebo) on the rate of CV events in coronary patients with either type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome

The Pierre Auger Collaboration (Auger) recently reported a correlation between the arrival directions of cosmic rays with energies above 39 EeV and the flux pattern of 23 nearby starburst galaxies (SBGs). In this Letter, we tested the same hypothesis using cosmic rays detected by the Telescope Array experiment (TA) in the 9-year period from May 2008 to May 2017. Unlike the Auger analysis, we did not optimize the parameter values but kept them fixed to the best-fit values found by Auger, namely 9.7% for the anisotropic fraction of cosmic rays assumed to originate from the SBGs in the list and 12.9◦ for the angular scale of the correlations. The energy threshold we adopted is 43 EeV, corresponding to 39 EeV in Auger when taking into account the energy-scale difference between two experiments. We find that the TA data is compatible with isotropy to within 1.1σ and with the Auger result to within 1.4σ, meaning that it is not capable to discriminate between these two hypotheses.

Accepted version

This is a component of the Fiction Unit of the place-based language arts curriculum developed by the Appalachian Rural Talent Initiative. Jack Kent Cooke Foundation 549744

This package contains the codes and scripts accompanying the manuscript "Protein-coding repeat polymorphisms strongly shape diverse human phenotypes" by Ronen E. Mukamel, Robert E. Hansaker, Maxwell A. Sherman, Alison R. Barton, Yiming Zheng, Steven A. McCarroll, and Po-Ru Loh.

This is a component of the Fiction Unit of the place-based language arts curriculum developed by the Appalachian Rural Talent Initiative. Jack Kent Cooke Foundation 549744

Hsp70 chaperone systems are very versatile machines present in nearly all living organisms and in nearly all intracellular compartments. They function in many fundamental processes through their facilitation of protein (re)folding, trafficking, remodeling, disaggregation, and degradation. Hsp70 machines are regulated by co-chaperones. J-domain containing proteins (JDPs) are the largest family of Hsp70 co-chaperones and play a determining role functionally specifying and directing Hsp70 functions. Many features of JDPs are not understood; however, a number of JDP experts gathered at a recent CSSI-sponsored workshop in Gdansk (Poland) to discuss various aspects of J-domain protein function, evolution, and structure. In this report, we present the main findings and the consensus reached to help direct future developments in the field of Hsp70 research.

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