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Abstract Fluorescein (F) species were encapsulated inside nanosized zeolites L and Y by their synthesis from adsorbed precursors (phthalic anhydride (Ph) and resorcinol (R)). The applied nanozeolites were modified either with H+ or Zn2+ cations and they played roles of the catalysts for synthesis of F and of the matrices for resulting dye molecules. The F loading, its tautomeric forms and optical properties of obtained composites depended on zeolite structure, morphology and on introduced cations. The composites usually showed higher fluorescence intensity than the pristine dye. The highest fluorescence intensity was noticed for the sample with nano-ZnL matrix. This intensity was much higher than that observed for composite with conventional micro-sized Zn L zeolite. Regarding an efficient fluorescence and nanosize of the obtained composites they seem promising fluorescent tracer for medical (theranostic) applications.

International audience; Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was applied on fresh (NF), freeze-dried (FD) and cell wall materials (AIS) of raw and processed apples. These samples prepared from 36 apple sets and the corresponding 72 purees, issued from different varieties, agricultural practices, storage periods and processing conditions, were used to build models including exploratory analysis, supervised classification and multivariate calibration. Fresh and freeze-dried samples presented similar fingerprint spectral variations due to processing. ATR-FTIR directly on fresh purees satisfactorily predicted textural properties such as particle average size and volume (RPD > 3.0), while freeze-drying improved assessment of chemical (RPD > 3.2) and rheological (RPD > 3.1) parameters using partial least-squares regression. The assessment of texture and macrocomponents of purees can be obtained with a limited sample preparation. For research applications because of a need of sample preparation, changes of cell wall composition during fruit processing could be assessed in relationship with pectin degradation.

International audience; Magnitudes of differential stress in the lithosphere, especially in the crust, are still disputed. Earthquake-based stress drop estimates indicate median values ca. 180 MPa, corresponding to a friction angle of ca. 10° to maintain the topographic relief between lowland and plateau for >10 Ma. The relative contribution of crustal strength to total lithospheric strength varies considerably laterally. In the region between lowland and plateau and inside the plateau the depth-integrated crustal strength is approximately equal to the depth-integrated strength of the mantle lithosphere. Simple analytical formulae predicting the lateral variation of depth-integrated stresses agree with numerically calculated stress fields, which show both the accuracy of the numerical results and the applicability of simple, rheology-independent, analytical predictions to highly variable, rheology-dependent stress fields. Our results indicate that (1) crustal strength can be locally equal to mantle lithosphere strength and that (2) crustal stresses must be at least one order of magnitude larger than median stress drops in order to support the plateau relief over a duration of ca. 10 Ma.

Dans No Thoroughfare de Charles Dickens et Wilkie Collins (f870), le déséquilibre de l’intrigue survient lorsque le « personnage principal » apprend qu’il est, et qu’à la fois, il n’est pas Walter Wilding. Les deux auteurs nous amènent à la limite de l’appellation, un procédé dont ils rappellent la complexité et dont ils proposent diverses déviances. Ils mettent en présence deux personnages, qui pour survivre dans le récit devront se poser la question des rapports complexes entre nom propre et référence. A travers deux modes de construction de personnages, Wilkie Collins et Charles Dickens illustrent le débat des logico-linguistes et y apportent leur participation. In No Thoroughfare by Charles Dickens and Wilkie Collins (1870), the main plot is starts on the “main character’s” learning that he both is and is not Walter Wilding. The two authors thus take us to the limits of naming, reminding us of the complexity of its process while they display various deviances of the naming process. Two characters are involved and their endurance in the narrative they consider the complex relations between proper noun and referent. Through two modes of character framing, Wilkie Collins and Charles Dickens illustrate and take part in the logico-linguists’ long existing debate on this issue.

International audience

A mild and user-friendly nickel-catalyzed method for the reductive homocoupling of aromatic tosylates is presented. The reaction proceeds between room temperature and 60 °C, with stable substrates (ArOTs) easily prepared from inexpensive and commercially available phenols or naphthols. It relies on a catalytic amount (10 mol%) of a robust catalyst (NiBr2bipy) that does not require the preparation of sensitive organometallic intermediates. Yields are good to excellent.

International audience; L’activité littéraire de Robert Copland est de nos jours injustement négligée. Pendant environ quarante ans il poursuivait une carrière de traducteur, d’imprimeur, d’adaptateur de textes, voire d’auteur. Parmi ses traductions figure celle du roman d’Apollonius de Tyr, basée sur la version publiée par Louis Garbin (Cruse) vers 1480. Cette étude porte sur certains aspects de sa manière d’envisager le travail de traduction et illustre à quel point il s’efforçait d’enrichir sa langue au niveau lexical.

International audience; PURPOSE: Concomitant treatment with radiation therapy and cisplatin (CDDP) remains the gold standard for bladder preservation in the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). We present the long-term results of a phase 1 clinical trial to assess the association of twice-weekly gemcitabine with CDDP and radiation therapy in this setting. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients with pT2-pT4N0M0 MIBC without hydronephrosis or diffuse carcinoma in situ were enrolled in this study. After maximal transurethral resection of the bladder tumor, patients received concomitant radiation therapy (63 Gy in 1.8 fractions) and chemotherapy (CDDP 20 mg/m²/day over 4 days every 21 days and gemcitabine twice a week). The starting dose of gemcitabine was 15 mg/m² with dose escalation to 20, 25, and 30 mg/m². The primary endpoint was the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Secondary endpoints included toxicity and tumor control. RESULTS: Fourteen patients were enrolled. Dose-limiting toxicity occurred in 2 patients treated with 30 mg/m² gemcitabine (grade 4 thrombocytopenia and severe impairment of World Health Organization performance status, respectively). Nine patients received the complete chemoradiation therapy protocol. The recommended dose of gemcitabine was 25 mg/m². The median follow-up time was 53 months, and the overall and disease-specific 5-year survival rates were 62% and 77%, respectively. Among the patients who received the complete treatment, bladder-intact survival was 76% at 5 years, and the median overall survival was 69.6 months. CONCLUSIONS: This regimen was well tolerated. The gemcitabine MTD was 25 mg/m². Bladder preservation and disease control were promising. A multicenter phase 2 randomized trial is ongoing.

We performed a preliminary study to quantify CO2 and CH4 emissions from the water column within a Rhizophora spp. mangrove forest. Mean CO2 and CH4 emissions during the studied period were 3.35 +/- 3.62 mmolC m(-2) h(-1) and 18.30 +/- 27.72 mu molC m(-2) h(-1) , respectively. CO2 and CH4 emissions were highly variable and mainly driven by tides (flow/ebb, water column thickness, neap/spring). Indeed, an inverse relationship between the magnitude of the emissions and the thickness of the water column above the mangrove soil was observed. delta(CO2)-C-13 values ranged from -26.88 parts per thousand to -8.6 parts per thousand, suggesting a mixing between CO2-enriched pore waters and lagoon incoming waters. In addition, CO2 and CH4 emissions were significantly higher during ebb tides, mainly due to the progressive enrichment of the water column by diffusive fluxes as its residence time over the forest floor increased. Eventually, we observed higher CO2 and CH4 emissions during spring tides than during neap tides, combined to depleted delta(CO2)-C-13 values, suggesting a higher contribution of soil-produced gases to the emissions. These higher emissions may result from higher renewable of the electron acceptor and enhanced exchange surface between the soil and the water column. This study shows that CO2 and CH4 emissions from the water column were not negligible and must be considered in future carbon budgets in mangroves.

International audience