Advanced search in
Research products
arrow_drop_down
Searching FieldsTerms
Any field
arrow_drop_down
includes
arrow_drop_down
1,410 Research products

  • Publications
  • Other research products
  • 2012-2021
  • US
  • French

10
arrow_drop_down
Relevance
arrow_drop_down
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Jean-François Hocquette; Pascal Mainsant; Jean-Dominique Daudin; Isabelle Cassar-Malek; +7 Authors

    National audience; The production of artificial meat by cell culture is suggested by some scientists as one solution to address the major challenges facing our society: (i) reducing potential discomfort of animals on modern farms or avoiding killing animals to eat them (ii) reducing potential environmental degradation by livestock and (iii) reducing world hunger by increasing protein resources. Artificial meat would indeed eliminate any animal “suffering” in farming systems and would avoid the slaughtering of animals to eat them. The environmental impact of artificial meat is difficult to evaluate due to the absence of references on production units. However, it may have a moderate interest in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and pollution by nitrates, a limited interest for decreasing fossil fuel use or a very limited interest concerning water use, but it would make more land available. It may result in the presence of organic molecule residues in water. Nevertheless, many experts believe that the causes of the current malnutrition of some human populations are diverse, and not directly related to a lack of food resources. Although cell culture can be usually performed in laboratories, there are significant major technical difficulties to move towards a large-scale production as the prohibitive cost of current technologies and the lack of similarity of the obtained product with meat from animals. From a nutritional point of view, artificial meat has no particular advantage compared to another type of food made from all nutrients necessary for its production. The criteria for acceptability of artificial meat refer, first, to moral or ethical concerns about the technology and the worries it raises, and secondly, to usual food product concerns (price, quality, naturality, etc.). In the past, attempts to substitute animal proteins with similar products have failed due to economic constraints, the time required for potential product acceptance by consumers and permission to place the products on the market by public authorities. In conclusion, given the important challenges facing livestock, production of artificial meat does not present any major advantage compared to natural meat or to other options such as balancing human food supply by more diverse sources of plant and animal proteins, or developing friendly farming systems for animals and the environment. Technical, economic and social constraints, including uncertain acceptance by consumers of artificial foods, are indeed major limitations to the development of artificial meat.; La production de viande artificielle par culture de cellules est proposée par certains scientifiques comme une des solutions pour répondre aux grands enjeux de l’élevage : i) réduire le mal-être supposé des animaux dans les élevages modernes, voire ne pas tuer les animaux pour les manger, ii) réduire la possible dégradation de l’environnement par l’élevage et iii) réduire la faim dans le monde en augmentant le niveau des ressources protéiques alimentaires. La viande artificielle supprimerait en effet le mal-être supposé des animaux lié à l’élevage et permettrait de ne pas abattre les animaux pour les manger. L’impact environnemental de la viande artificielle est difficile à évaluer en l’absence de données sur le fonctionnement d’une usine de production. La viande artificielle présenterait toutefois un intérêt modéré pour réduire les gaz à effet de serre et la pollution par les nitrates, un intérêt limité quant à l’utilisation des énergies fossiles, voire très limité pour limiter les besoins en eau, mais elle libérerait des terres cultivables. Elle entraînerait probablement dans l’eau des résidus de molécules de synthèse. De nombreux experts estiment que les causes de la malnutrition actuelle de certaines populations sont multiples et ne sont pas directement liées à un manque de ressources alimentaires. Bien que la culture de cellules soit couramment pratiquée en laboratoire, il existe des verrous techniques importants à lever pour une production à grande échelle, tels que le coût rédhibitoire des technologies actuelles et le manque de ressemblance du produit obtenu à de la viande issue d’animaux. Sur le plan nutritionnel, la viande artificielle ne présente pas d’avantage particulier par rapport à un autre aliment élaboré à partir de l’ensemble des nutriments nécessaires à sa production. Les critères d’acceptabilité de la viande artificielle renvoient, d’une part, à des questions d’ordre moral ou éthique concernant la technologie et les inquiétudes qu’elle soulève, et d’autre part, à des considérations classiques relatives aux produits alimentaires (prix, qualité, naturalité…). Par le passé, les expériences de substitution des protéines animales par des produits analogues ont échoué en raison, notamment, de contraintes économiques, du temps nécessaire pour l’éventuelle acceptation des produits par les consommateurs et pour la délivrance des autorisations de mise sur le marché. Face aux questionnements importants concernant l’élevage, la production de viande artificielle ne présente pas aujourd’hui d’avantages majeurs par comparaison à la viande naturelle ou à d’autres alternatives possibles telles que rééquilibrer notre alimentation en diversifiant les sources de protéines végétales et animales, ou encore développer des systèmes d’élevage plus respectueux des animaux et de l’environnement.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Open Archive Toulous...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    INRA Productions Animales
    Article . 2013
    Data sources: Crossref
    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

    You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
    17
    citations17
    popularityTop 10%
    influenceAverage
    impulseTop 10%
    BIP!Powered by BIP!
    visibility988
    visibilityviews988
    downloaddownloads1,013
    Powered by BIP!
    more_vert
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Open Archive Toulous...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      INRA Productions Animales
      Article . 2013
      Data sources: Crossref
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Hélène Landemore; Aude Bandini;

    Cet article présente les bases d’un argument épistémique en faveur de la démocratie définie comme procédure de décision collective. Il explore également les implications d’un tel argument épistémique par rapport à d’autres justifications établies de la démocratie, par rapport aux explications scientifiques de ses succès empiriques, et en termes de politiques publiques à mener. En ce qui concerne l’argument épistémique proprement dit, il repose sur le concept de « raison démocratique », autrement dit l’intelligence collective des individus dans le domaine politique, et propose, de manière contre-intuitive, que la raison démocratique est davantage tributaire de la diversitécognitive des individus qui prennent par aux décisions que de leurs aptitudes personnelles. Généralement, l’argument de la raison démocratique complète les arguments procéduraux basés sur l’équité et l’égalité pour offrir une explication fonctionnaliste complète de la démocratie. Pour finir, cet article défend l’idée de réformes institutionnelles favorisant la participation citoyenne dans le processus de prise de décision collective. This paper presents the foundations of a systematic epistemic case for democracy as a collective decision-rule and explores the implications of this epistemic claim for normative justifications of democracy, scientific explanations of its empirical success, and policy reforms. As far as the epistemic case is concerned, the paper proposes an account based on the concept of “democratic reason,” or the collective intelligence of the people in politics. The paper argues that, counter-intuitively, democratic reason is more a function of the cognitive diversity of the individuals taking part in the decision than of their individual ability. As an account of democracy’s epistemic benefits, the argument from democratic reason supplements procedural accounts based on fairness and equality to provide a complete functionalist explanation of democracy. Finally, the argument supports policy reforms increasing citizens’ participation in the collective decision-process.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Philosophiquesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Philosophiques
    Article
    Data sources: UnpayWall
    Philosophiques
    Article . 2014
    Data sources: Crossref
    Érudit
    Other literature type
    Data sources: Érudit
    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

    You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
    3
    citations3
    popularityAverage
    influenceAverage
    impulseAverage
    BIP!Powered by BIP!
    more_vert
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Philosophiquesarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Philosophiques
      Article
      Data sources: UnpayWall
      Philosophiques
      Article . 2014
      Data sources: Crossref
      Érudit
      Other literature type
      Data sources: Érudit
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Elisabeth Spettel;

    Cet article s’attachera à analyser les différences entre la provocation et la subversion. Si ces deux termes sont souvent utilisés comme des synonymes, ils incarnent en réalité « deux mondes de valeur » (Heinich, 2004, 166). Alors que le préfixe sub révèle une action qui avance masquée, pro indique une volonté d’exhibitionnisme et une dynamique de la surenchère. Ainsi, la subversion n’est pas nécessairement provocante et la provocation pas nécessairement subversive. Nous observerons ces deux logiques à travers l’étude d’artistes contemporaines : Cindy Sherman et Wangechi Mutu. Les photographies de Cindy Sherman empruntent la stratégie du marketing, créent un choc visuel qui s’évanouit très rapidement. La provocation se renverse alors en nouvelle norme. Les collages de Wangechi Mutu comportent à l’inverse différentes de strates de signification qui interpellent, troublent, rendent le regard actif et créateur. N’y aurait-il pas une érotique subversive de la provocation qui mettrait à mal nos habitudes de pensée et de regard sans jamais violer l’ultime limite ? This article is going to analyze the differences between provocation and subversion. If these two words are often used as synonyms, they describe in reality “two worlds of value”. Whereas the prefix “sub” reveals an action that moves forward under concealment, “pro” indicates a wish for exhibitionism and a dynamics of overstatement. Therefore, subversion is not necessarily provocative and provocation not necessarily subversive. We will examine these two logics through the study of contemporary artists: Cindy Sherman and Wangechi Mutu. Cindy Sherman’s photographs adopt the strategy of marketing, creating a visual shock that quickly fades, while Wangechi Mutu’s collages suggest different levels of meaning to that question, disturb, make the gaze active and creative. Isn’t there a subversive eroticism of provocation that would change our ways of thinking without ever violating the ultimate limit?

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ OpenEditionarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    OpenEdition
    Article . 2014
    Data sources: OpenEdition
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Chantiers de la Création
    Article . 2012
    Data sources: Crossref
    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

    You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
    0
    citations0
    popularityAverage
    influenceAverage
    impulseAverage
    BIP!Powered by BIP!
    more_vert
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ OpenEditionarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      OpenEdition
      Article . 2014
      Data sources: OpenEdition
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Chantiers de la Création
      Article . 2012
      Data sources: Crossref
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Yinan Zhou; Pierre Kaser;

    Presentation Dernier rejeton d'une longue lignee d'homme de lettres, le jeune Zhang Dai 張岱 (1597-1681) connut l'opulence d'un riche lettre oisif, s'adonnant tout a loisir a sa passion pour la litterature et a son gout tres marque pour le theâtre avant de tout perdre au moment de la chute des Ming 明 (1644). Reste fidele a la defunte dynastie, il brava les interdits en en redigeant l'histoire. Depouille et traque, il eprouva la misere et la clandestinite, ce qui explique que la plupart de ses e...

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Hyper Article en Lig...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Impressions d’Extrême-Orient
    Article . 2017
    License: cc-by-nc-nd
    HAL AMU
    Article . 2017
    Data sources: HAL AMU
    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

    You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
    0
    citations0
    popularityAverage
    influenceAverage
    impulseAverage
    BIP!Powered by BIP!
    more_vert
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Hyper Article en Lig...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Impressions d’Extrême-Orient
      Article . 2017
      License: cc-by-nc-nd
      HAL AMU
      Article . 2017
      Data sources: HAL AMU
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
  • Authors: Sophie Doucet;

    Cet article retrace les mentions du sentiment de la peur dans les écrits de la bourgeoise montréalaise Marie-Louise Globensky (1849–1919). Il observe les causes de ses inquiétudes et angoisses, ses stratégies de réconfort face à ces émotions souffrantes, et le sens qu’elle leur donne. Ce faisant, il cherche à éclairer la vision du monde et—autant que possible—la texture de l’expérience humaine d’une bourgeoise catholique du tournant du XXe siècle. Également, il offre une fenêtre d’observation sur les normes entourant la peur dans la bourgeoisie montréalaise et sur la manière dont l’Église catholique régit l’expérience de cette émotion.

    Éruditarrow_drop_down
    Érudit
    Other literature type
    Data sources: Érudit
    Cahiers d histoire
    Article . 2020
    Data sources: Crossref
    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

    You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
    1
    citations1
    popularityAverage
    influenceAverage
    impulseAverage
    BIP!Powered by BIP!
    more_vert
      Éruditarrow_drop_down
      Érudit
      Other literature type
      Data sources: Érudit
      Cahiers d histoire
      Article . 2020
      Data sources: Crossref
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Allirol, Béatrice; Dumontier, Pascal;

    Référence internationale en matière de reporting extra financier le GRI s’adresse à tous les partenaires de l’entreprise. Les investisseurs sont toutefois les destinataires privilégiés du reporting environnemental, surtout si l’entreprise est cotée. Les scores de divulgation environnementale de 120 entreprises européennes nous permettent de déterminer comment les entreprises cotées répondent aux prescriptions du GRI qui reflètent les attentes de l’ensemble des parties prenantes de l’entreprise et à celles de l’EFFAS qui reflètent les attentes des seuls investisseurs. Nos résultats montrent que les déterminants des scores de divulgation GRI différent des déterminants des scores EFFAS au sens où seuls les scores GRI sont sensibles à l’exposition environnementale de l’entreprise. Les scores EFFAS dépendent quant à eux de la pression des investisseurs. Il apparaît donc que les divulgations environnementales répondent à une logique de légitimité environnementale lorsque la pression des investisseurs est faible. Elles visent prioritairement à satisfaire les investisseurs dans le cas contraire. GRI offers an international reference to firm’s stakeholders interested in social and environmental disclosures. However these disclosures target first and foremost investors, especially for listed firms. The environmental disclosure scores of 120 randomly selected European companies help us determine how their disclosures capture environmental information useful to all stakeholders (GRI scores) or to investors only (EFFAS scores). Our results show that GRI scores are to a large extent driven by the firm’s exposure to environmental risks. In contrast, EFFAS scores are driven by shareholding dispersion and, therefore, pressures exerted by investors. This suggests that environmental disclosures respond to a logic of environmental legitimacy when investors’ pressure is weak. Otherwise they aim to satisfy investors’ expectations.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Research Papers in E...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    HAL AMU
    Conference object . 2015
    Data sources: HAL AMU
    0
    citations0
    popularityAverage
    influenceAverage
    impulseAverage
    BIP!Powered by BIP!
    more_vert
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Pra, Denis R�mi;

    Literature was a major influence in Luis Bu�uel's work and nourished a prolific and subversive imagination. As a constant source of inspiration, literary works influence Bu�uel's original screenplays as well as in his numerous adaptations. Throughout his career, these adaptations were critical; nineteen out of the thirty-two films that Bu�uel made were inspired by novels, short stories, or plays. The purpose of this dissertation is to explore Bu�uel's unique approach to adaptation, which some scholars have referred to as a bu�uelian style. Following Antonin Artaud's theory in The Theater and His Double, Bu�uel's cinematography broke free of the traditional method of strictly going from literary text to image. Rather than relying on a single work of literature as the basis for a film, he incorporated ideas from other works. References to Cervantes, Lesage, Sade, Huysmans, and others writers appear in many films in addition to the novel on which the adaptation is based. Also, the influence of Surrealism is apparent in these films. In order to make these transformations, Bu�uel spent many hours working intensively on his scripts, to the point at which the shooting of the movie almost seemed to him secondary. Bu�uel never worked alone on his scripts. Luis Alcoriza, Julio Alejandro, and Jean-Claude Carri�re are a few of the screenwriters who helped him express his ideas by creating dialogue that remains true to the story.Adaptation according to Luis Bu�uel also shows that Bu�uel's movies give special depth to the female characters: Celestine (The Diary of a Chambermaid), S�verine (Belle de Jour), Tristana (Tristana), Conchita (The Woman and the Puppet) to name a few. Bu�uel transforms these heroines of literary works of the Belle �poque. He emancipates them and makes them representative of the women of his time. Finally, I explore specific characteristics of Bu�uel's adaptations such as offbeat humor, omnipresence of religious themes, and systematic modification of the endings of the stories adapted. All of these elements help to confirm that there is indeed a recognizable Bu�uelian style of adaptation. As recommended by Andr� Bazin in For an Impure Cinema, defense of Adaptation, Bu�uel "restores the essence of the letter and the spirit" of the novels but reworks and modernizes them. In that way, the director gives the stories a new existence, providing the literary works with a second paternity.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ eScholarship - Unive...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    0
    citations0
    popularityAverage
    influenceAverage
    impulseAverage
    BIP!Powered by BIP!
    more_vert
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ eScholarship - Unive...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Andrea Lausman; John Kingdom; Robert Gagnon; Melanie Basso; +12 Authors

    Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is an obstetrical complication, which by definition would screen in 10% of fetuses in the general population. The challenge is to identify the subset of pregnancies affected with pathological growth restriction in order to allow intervention that would decrease morbidity and mortality.The purpose of this guideline is to provide summary statements and recommendations and to establish a framework for screening, diagnosis, and management of pregnancies affected with IUGR.Affected pregnancies are compared with pregnancies in which the fetus is at an appropriate weight for its gestational age. History, physical examination, and laboratory investigations including biochemical markers and ultrasound characteristics of IUGR are reviewed, and a management strategy is suggested.Published literature in English was retrieved through searches of PubMed or MEDLINE, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library in January 2013 using appropriate controlled vocabulary via MeSH terms (fetal growth restriction and small for gestational age) and key words (fetal growth, restriction, growth retardation, IUGR, low birth weight, small for gestational age). Results were restricted to systematic reviews, randomized control trials/controlled clinical trials, and observational studies. Grey (unpublished) literature was identified through searching the websites of health technology assessment and health technology-related agencies, clinical practice guideline collections, clinical trial registries, and national and international medical specialty societies.The quality of evidence in this document was rated using the criteria described in the Report of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (Table).Implementation of the recommendations in this guideline should increase clinician recognition of IUGR and guide intervention where appropriate. Optimal long-term follow-up of neonates diagnosed as IUGR may improve their long-term health.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Journal of Obstetric...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

    You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
    181
    citations181
    popularityTop 1%
    influenceTop 10%
    impulseTop 10%
    BIP!Powered by BIP!
    more_vert
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Journal of Obstetric...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Kathleen C. Riley;

    Cet article commence par un bref survol des sources ethnohistoriques couvrant la production, la distribution, la préparation, et la consommation de la nourriture aux îles Marquises depuis l’époque des contacts réguliers avec les européens au XVIIIe siècle jusqu’aux différentes vagues d’expériences de la globalisation (exploration, commerce, colonisation, christianisation, éducation, tourisme et médias internationaux). Il montre comment les réactions locales à ces forces globales ont produit une série de formes alimentaires syncrétiques – ordinaires et rituelles – dont l’intérêt analytique dépasse la simple dimension ethnographique, puisqu’elle permet de comprendre de façon théorique la manière dont ces communautés utilisent la dimension sémiotique et sensible de la nourriture pour forger des identités hybrides. L’analyse met au point premièrement comment les formes alimentaires « traditionnelles » ont été maintenues et réinventées et deuxièmement comment elles ont été déployées lors des fêtes et festivals glocalisés – domestiques et internationaux – et plus particulièrement ceux associés depuis environ 35 ans avec un mouvement de renouveau culturel aux îles Marquises. Este artículo se inicia con una breve revisión de las fuentes etnohistóricas que cubren la producción, la distribución, la preparación y el consumo de la alimentación en las Islas Marquesas desde la época de los contactos regulares con los europeos en el siglo XVIII hasta las diferentes olas de experiencias de la globalización (exploración, comercio, colonización, cristianización, educación, turismo, medias internacionales). Se muestra cómo las reacciones locales a esas fuerzas globales produjeron una serie de formas alimentarias sincréticas – ordinarias y rituales – cuyo interés analítico rebaza la simple dimensión etnográfica, ya que permite comprender de manera teórica la forma en que dichas comunidades utilizan la dimensión semiótica y sensible de la alimentación para forjar identidades híbridas. El análisis revela por principio cómo las formas alimentarias « tradicionales » se han mantenido y reinventado y en segundo lugar cómo se han desplegado durante las fiestas y festivales glocalizados – domésticos e internacionales – sobro todo los asociados al movimiento de renovación cultural de las Islas Marquesas desde hace unos 35 años. This chapter begins with a brief survey of ethnohistorical sources regarding the production, distribution, preparation, and consumption of food in the Marquesas from the time of sustained European contact in the late 18th century and on through several waves of globalizing entanglements (exploration, trade, colonization, missionization, education, tourism, and international media). It shows how local reactions to these global forces have produced a range of syncretic foodways – both everyday and ritualized – that deserve analysis not only for their intrinsic interest concerning these specific people, but also for the contribution this analysis makes to theoretical debates over how communities use the semiotically rich and sensitive substance of food to forge and perform hybrid identities. The analysis focuses first on how these « traditional » foodways have been maintained and reinvented, and secondly on how they are deployed in a range of glocalized feasts and festivals – from the domestic to the international – especially those associated with the cultural revival movement in the Marquesas, now almost 35 years in the making.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Anthropologie et Soc...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Érudit
    Other literature type
    Data sources: Érudit
    Anthropologie et Sociétés
    Article . 2013
    Data sources: Crossref
    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

    You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
    4
    citations4
    popularityAverage
    influenceAverage
    impulseAverage
    BIP!Powered by BIP!
    more_vert
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Anthropologie et Soc...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Érudit
      Other literature type
      Data sources: Érudit
      Anthropologie et Sociétés
      Article . 2013
      Data sources: Crossref
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Laura Shine;

    La ville peut-elle préserver la mémoire de ceux qui ne sont plus ? Voilà l’une des questions que pose Julián Ríos dans son roman Pont de l’Alma (2010). L’auteur espagnol tisse autour de la princesse Diana un récit de culte et de souvenir, faisant de sa mort dans la Ville Lumière le noeud de son oeuvre complexe. Promenant le lecteur dans un Paris fragmenté et peuplé de revenants, il propose de réexaminer la ville et de remotiver les signes qu’elle offre en les considérant comme des formes d’existence post-mortem. Ce faisant, il donne « sens » au paysage urbain, conjuguant les trois acceptions du mot : sensation, direction et signification. Can the deceased live on in a city through memories ? This is one of the questions raised by Julián Ríos in his 2010 Bridge of Souls. Woven around Princess Diana’s accidental death in Paris, the Spanish author’s novel cultivates her memory, ambling through a shattered city of ghosts. He takes a closer look at the French capital, recasting its symbols as post-mortem forms of life, all the while redrawing, redefining and “re-viewing” its topography.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Études littérairesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Érudit
    Other literature type
    Data sources: Érudit
    Études littéraires
    Article . 2015
    Data sources: Crossref
    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

    You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
    0
    citations0
    popularityAverage
    influenceAverage
    impulseAverage
    BIP!Powered by BIP!
    more_vert
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Études littérairesarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Érudit
      Other literature type
      Data sources: Érudit
      Études littéraires
      Article . 2015
      Data sources: Crossref
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
Advanced search in
Research products
arrow_drop_down
Searching FieldsTerms
Any field
arrow_drop_down
includes
arrow_drop_down
1,410 Research products
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Jean-François Hocquette; Pascal Mainsant; Jean-Dominique Daudin; Isabelle Cassar-Malek; +7 Authors

    National audience; The production of artificial meat by cell culture is suggested by some scientists as one solution to address the major challenges facing our society: (i) reducing potential discomfort of animals on modern farms or avoiding killing animals to eat them (ii) reducing potential environmental degradation by livestock and (iii) reducing world hunger by increasing protein resources. Artificial meat would indeed eliminate any animal “suffering” in farming systems and would avoid the slaughtering of animals to eat them. The environmental impact of artificial meat is difficult to evaluate due to the absence of references on production units. However, it may have a moderate interest in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and pollution by nitrates, a limited interest for decreasing fossil fuel use or a very limited interest concerning water use, but it would make more land available. It may result in the presence of organic molecule residues in water. Nevertheless, many experts believe that the causes of the current malnutrition of some human populations are diverse, and not directly related to a lack of food resources. Although cell culture can be usually performed in laboratories, there are significant major technical difficulties to move towards a large-scale production as the prohibitive cost of current technologies and the lack of similarity of the obtained product with meat from animals. From a nutritional point of view, artificial meat has no particular advantage compared to another type of food made from all nutrients necessary for its production. The criteria for acceptability of artificial meat refer, first, to moral or ethical concerns about the technology and the worries it raises, and secondly, to usual food product concerns (price, quality, naturality, etc.). In the past, attempts to substitute animal proteins with similar products have failed due to economic constraints, the time required for potential product acceptance by consumers and permission to place the products on the market by public authorities. In conclusion, given the important challenges facing livestock, production of artificial meat does not present any major advantage compared to natural meat or to other options such as balancing human food supply by more diverse sources of plant and animal proteins, or developing friendly farming systems for animals and the environment. Technical, economic and social constraints, including uncertain acceptance by consumers of artificial foods, are indeed major limitations to the development of artificial meat.; La production de viande artificielle par culture de cellules est proposée par certains scientifiques comme une des solutions pour répondre aux grands enjeux de l’élevage : i) réduire le mal-être supposé des animaux dans les élevages modernes, voire ne pas tuer les animaux pour les manger, ii) réduire la possible dégradation de l’environnement par l’élevage et iii) réduire la faim dans le monde en augmentant le niveau des ressources protéiques alimentaires. La viande artificielle supprimerait en effet le mal-être supposé des animaux lié à l’élevage et permettrait de ne pas abattre les animaux pour les manger. L’impact environnemental de la viande artificielle est difficile à évaluer en l’absence de données sur le fonctionnement d’une usine de production. La viande artificielle présenterait toutefois un intérêt modéré pour réduire les gaz à effet de serre et la pollution par les nitrates, un intérêt limité quant à l’utilisation des énergies fossiles, voire très limité pour limiter les besoins en eau, mais elle libérerait des terres cultivables. Elle entraînerait probablement dans l’eau des résidus de molécules de synthèse. De nombreux experts estiment que les causes de la malnutrition actuelle de certaines populations sont multiples et ne sont pas directement liées à un manque de ressources alimentaires. Bien que la culture de cellules soit couramment pratiquée en laboratoire, il existe des verrous techniques importants à lever pour une production à grande échelle, tels que le coût rédhibitoire des technologies actuelles et le manque de ressemblance du produit obtenu à de la viande issue d’animaux. Sur le plan nutritionnel, la viande artificielle ne présente pas d’avantage particulier par rapport à un autre aliment élaboré à partir de l’ensemble des nutriments nécessaires à sa production. Les critères d’acceptabilité de la viande artificielle renvoient, d’une part, à des questions d’ordre moral ou éthique concernant la technologie et les inquiétudes qu’elle soulève, et d’autre part, à des considérations classiques relatives aux produits alimentaires (prix, qualité, naturalité…). Par le passé, les expériences de substitution des protéines animales par des produits analogues ont échoué en raison, notamment, de contraintes économiques, du temps nécessaire pour l’éventuelle acceptation des produits par les consommateurs et pour la délivrance des autorisations de mise sur le marché. Face aux questionnements importants concernant l’élevage, la production de viande artificielle ne présente pas aujourd’hui d’avantages majeurs par comparaison à la viande naturelle ou à d’autres alternatives possibles telles que rééquilibrer notre alimentation en diversifiant les sources de protéines végétales et animales, ou encore développer des systèmes d’élevage plus respectueux des animaux et de l’environnement.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Open Archive Toulous...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    INRA Productions Animales
    Article . 2013
    Data sources: Crossref
    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

    You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
    17
    citations17
    popularityTop 10%
    influenceAverage
    impulseTop 10%
    BIP!Powered by BIP!
    visibility988
    visibilityviews988
    downloaddownloads1,013
    Powered by BIP!
    more_vert
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Open Archive Toulous...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      INRA Productions Animales
      Article . 2013
      Data sources: Crossref
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Hélène Landemore; Aude Bandini;

    Cet article présente les bases d’un argument épistémique en faveur de la démocratie définie comme procédure de décision collective. Il explore également les implications d’un tel argument épistémique par rapport à d’autres justifications établies de la démocratie, par rapport aux explications scientifiques de ses succès empiriques, et en termes de politiques publiques à mener. En ce qui concerne l’argument épistémique proprement dit, il repose sur le concept de « raison démocratique », autrement dit l’intelligence collective des individus dans le domaine politique, et propose, de manière contre-intuitive, que la raison démocratique est davantage tributaire de la diversitécognitive des individus qui prennent par aux décisions que de leurs aptitudes personnelles. Généralement, l’argument de la raison démocratique complète les arguments procéduraux basés sur l’équité et l’égalité pour offrir une explication fonctionnaliste complète de la démocratie. Pour finir, cet article défend l’idée de réformes institutionnelles favorisant la participation citoyenne dans le processus de prise de décision collective. This paper presents the foundations of a systematic epistemic case for democracy as a collective decision-rule and explores the implications of this epistemic claim for normative justifications of democracy, scientific explanations of its empirical success, and policy reforms. As far as the epistemic case is concerned, the paper proposes an account based on the concept of “democratic reason,” or the collective intelligence of the people in politics. The paper argues that, counter-intuitively, democratic reason is more a function of the cognitive diversity of the individuals taking part in the decision than of their individual ability. As an account of democracy’s epistemic benefits, the argument from democratic reason supplements procedural accounts based on fairness and equality to provide a complete functionalist explanation of democracy. Finally, the argument supports policy reforms increasing citizens’ participation in the collective decision-process.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Philosophiquesarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Philosophiques
    Article
    Data sources: UnpayWall
    Philosophiques
    Article . 2014
    Data sources: Crossref
    Érudit
    Other literature type
    Data sources: Érudit
    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

    You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
    3
    citations3
    popularityAverage
    influenceAverage
    impulseAverage
    BIP!Powered by BIP!
    more_vert
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Philosophiquesarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Philosophiques
      Article
      Data sources: UnpayWall
      Philosophiques
      Article . 2014
      Data sources: Crossref
      Érudit
      Other literature type
      Data sources: Érudit
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Elisabeth Spettel;

    Cet article s’attachera à analyser les différences entre la provocation et la subversion. Si ces deux termes sont souvent utilisés comme des synonymes, ils incarnent en réalité « deux mondes de valeur » (Heinich, 2004, 166). Alors que le préfixe sub révèle une action qui avance masquée, pro indique une volonté d’exhibitionnisme et une dynamique de la surenchère. Ainsi, la subversion n’est pas nécessairement provocante et la provocation pas nécessairement subversive. Nous observerons ces deux logiques à travers l’étude d’artistes contemporaines : Cindy Sherman et Wangechi Mutu. Les photographies de Cindy Sherman empruntent la stratégie du marketing, créent un choc visuel qui s’évanouit très rapidement. La provocation se renverse alors en nouvelle norme. Les collages de Wangechi Mutu comportent à l’inverse différentes de strates de signification qui interpellent, troublent, rendent le regard actif et créateur. N’y aurait-il pas une érotique subversive de la provocation qui mettrait à mal nos habitudes de pensée et de regard sans jamais violer l’ultime limite ? This article is going to analyze the differences between provocation and subversion. If these two words are often used as synonyms, they describe in reality “two worlds of value”. Whereas the prefix “sub” reveals an action that moves forward under concealment, “pro” indicates a wish for exhibitionism and a dynamics of overstatement. Therefore, subversion is not necessarily provocative and provocation not necessarily subversive. We will examine these two logics through the study of contemporary artists: Cindy Sherman and Wangechi Mutu. Cindy Sherman’s photographs adopt the strategy of marketing, creating a visual shock that quickly fades, while Wangechi Mutu’s collages suggest different levels of meaning to that question, disturb, make the gaze active and creative. Isn’t there a subversive eroticism of provocation that would change our ways of thinking without ever violating the ultimate limit?

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ OpenEditionarrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    OpenEdition
    Article . 2014
    Data sources: OpenEdition
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Chantiers de la Création
    Article . 2012
    Data sources: Crossref
    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

    You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
    0
    citations0
    popularityAverage
    influenceAverage
    impulseAverage
    BIP!Powered by BIP!
    more_vert
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ OpenEditionarrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      OpenEdition
      Article . 2014
      Data sources: OpenEdition
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Chantiers de la Création
      Article . 2012
      Data sources: Crossref
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Yinan Zhou; Pierre Kaser;

    Presentation Dernier rejeton d'une longue lignee d'homme de lettres, le jeune Zhang Dai 張岱 (1597-1681) connut l'opulence d'un riche lettre oisif, s'adonnant tout a loisir a sa passion pour la litterature et a son gout tres marque pour le theâtre avant de tout perdre au moment de la chute des Ming 明 (1644). Reste fidele a la defunte dynastie, il brava les interdits en en redigeant l'histoire. Depouille et traque, il eprouva la misere et la clandestinite, ce qui explique que la plupart de ses e...

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Hyper Article en Lig...arrow_drop_down
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Impressions d’Extrême-Orient
    Article . 2017
    License: cc-by-nc-nd
    HAL AMU
    Article . 2017
    Data sources: HAL AMU
    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

    You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
    0
    citations0
    popularityAverage
    influenceAverage
    impulseAverage
    BIP!Powered by BIP!
    more_vert
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/ Hyper Article en Lig...arrow_drop_down
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
      Impressions d’Extrême-Orient
      Article . 2017
      License: cc-by-nc-nd
      HAL AMU
      Article . 2017
      Data sources: HAL AMU
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
  • Authors: Sophie Doucet;

    Cet article retrace les mentions du sentiment de la peur dans les écrits de la bourgeoise montréalaise Marie-Louise Globensky (1849–1919). Il observe les causes de ses inquiétudes et angoisses, ses stratégies de réconfort face à ces émotions souffrantes, et le sens qu’elle leur donne. Ce faisant, il cherche à éclairer la vision du monde et—autant que possible—la texture de l’expérience humaine d’une bourgeoise catholique du tournant du XXe siècle. Également, il offre une fenêtre d’observation sur les normes entourant la peur dans la bourgeoisie montréalaise et sur la manière dont l’Église catholique régit l’expérience de cette émotion.

    Éruditarrow_drop_down
    Érudit
    Other literature type
    Data sources: Érudit
    Cahiers d histoire
    Article . 2020
    Data sources: Crossref
    addClaim

    This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

    You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
    1
    citations1
    popularityAverage
    influenceAverage
    impulseAverage
    BIP!Powered by BIP!
    more_vert
      Éruditarrow_drop_down
      Érudit
      Other literature type
      Data sources: Érudit
      Cahiers d histoire
      Article . 2020
      Data sources: Crossref
      addClaim

      This Research product is the result of merged Research products in OpenAIRE.

      You have already added works in your ORCID record related to the merged Research product.
  • image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/
    Authors: Allirol, Béatrice; Dumontier, Pascal;

    Référence internationale en matière de reporting extra financier le GRI s’adresse à tous les partenaires de l’entreprise. Les investisseurs sont toutefois les destinataires privilégiés du reporting environnemental, surtout si l’entreprise est cotée. Les scores de divulgation environnementale de 120 entreprises européennes nous permettent de déterminer comment les entreprises cotées répondent aux prescriptions du GRI qui reflètent les attentes de l’ensemble des parties prenantes de l’entreprise et à celles de l’EFFAS qui reflètent les attentes des seuls investisseurs. Nos résultats montrent que les déterminants des scores de divulgation GRI différent des déterminants des scores EFFAS au sens où seuls les scores GRI sont sensibles à l’exposition environnementale de l’entreprise. Les scores EFFAS dépendent quant à eux de la pression des investisseurs. Il apparaît donc que les divulgations environnementales répondent à une logique de légitimité environnementale lorsque la pression des investisseurs est faible. Elles visent prioritairement à satisfaire les investisseurs dans le cas contraire. GRI offers an international reference to firm’s stakeholders interested in social and environmental disclosures. However these disclosures target first and foremost investors, especially for listed firms. The environmental disclosure scores of 120 randomly selected European companies help us determine how their disclosures capture environmental information useful to all stakeholders (GRI scores) or to investors only (EFFAS scores). Our results show that GRI scores are to a large extent driven by the firm’s exposure to environmental risks. In contrast, EFFAS scores are driven by shareholding dispersion and, therefore, pressures exerted by investors. This suggests that environmental disclosures respond to a logic of environmental legitimacy when investors’ pressure is weak. Otherwise they aim to satisfy investors’ expectations.

    image/svg+xml art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos Open Access logo, converted into svg, designed by PLoS. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Open_Access_logo_PLoS_white.svg art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina, Beao, JakobVoss, and AnonMoos http://www.plos.org/